Accumulation and tissue distribution of heavy metals and essential elements in loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from Spanish Mediterranean coastline of Murcia.

Sea turtles are of increasing interest as potential bioindicators of the heavy metal pollution in marine ecosystems. In the present work, concentrations of heavy metals and essential elements (As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Se, Zn) in different organs and tissues (liver, kidney, muscle, bone, blood, central nervous system and skin) of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) were determined from stranded animals found along the Spanish Mediterranean coastlines of Murcia. Relatively high average levels of As (skin: 52.13 microg g(-1) dry weight; muscle: 40.95 microg g(-1) dry weight), and especially high individual levels of Zn in muscle tissue (1002.4 microg g(-1) dry weight) were detected. Furthermore, a significant degree of organotrophism of Cd was observed in kidney tissue. The concentrations detected, the distribution among the tissues and the differences observed between juvenile and adult specimens are generally compatible with chronic exposure to the elements studied, whilst levels produced by acute exposure were ruled out.

Nasopharyngeal stenosis secondary to soft palate dysgenesis in a cat.

This report is the first description of soft palate dysgenesis inducing nasopharyngeal stenosis in a cat. The symptomatology included continuous stertorous respiration and changes in phonation. Open-mouth breathing, seromucous nasal discharge and sneezing were intermittently present. On physical examination the cat showed a respiratory pattern characteristic of upper airway disease, with stridor, increased inspiratory effort and severe bilateral obstruction of nasal passages to the airflow. Pharyngo-laryngoscopic evaluation showed an abnormal conformation of the soft palate that appeared attached to the caudal and lateral pharyngeal wall and stretched the whole length of the pharynx. A strip of soft tissue emanated from the caudal part of the hard palate to the right aspect of the base of the tongue. Caudal to this strip of tissue, the intrapharyngeal opening was stenosed, therefore preventing normal airflow. Surgical reconstruction was not recommended. The cat was clinically stable with mild respiratory symptoms 17 months after the diagnosis.