Memory mood congruency phenomenon in bipolar I disorder and major depression disorder patients

The objective of the present study was to evaluate memory performance in tasks with and without affective content (to confirm the mood congruency phenomenon) in acutely admitted patients with bipolar I disorder (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) and in healthy participants. Seventy-eight participants (24 BD, 29 MDD, and 25 healthy controls) were evaluated. Three word lists were used as the memory task with affective content (positive, negative and indifferent). Psychiatric symptoms were also evaluated with rating scales (Young Mania Rating Scale for mania and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for depression). Patients were selected during the first week of hospitalization. BD patients showed higher scores in the word span with positive tone than MDD patients and healthy controls (P = 0.002). No other difference was observed for tests with affective tone. MDD patients presented significantly lower scores in the Mini-Mental State Exam, logical memory test, visual recognition span, and digit span, while BD patients presented lower scores in the visual recognition test and digit span. Mood congruency effect was found for word span with positive tone among BD patients but no similar effect was observed among MDD patients for negative items. MDD patients presented more memory impairment than BD patients, but BD patients also showed memory impairment.

Memory mood congruency phenomenon in bipolar I disorder and major depression disorder patients.

The objective of the present study was to evaluate memory performance in tasks with and without affective content (to confirm the mood congruency phenomenon) in acutely admitted patients with bipolar I disorder (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) and in healthy participants. Seventy-eight participants (24 BD, 29 MDD, and 25 healthy controls) were evaluated. Three word lists were used as the memory task with affective content (positive, negative and indifferent). Psychiatric symptoms were also evaluated with rating scales (Young Mania Rating Scale for mania and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale for depression). Patients were selected during the first week of hospitalization. BD patients showed higher scores in the word span with positive tone than MDD patients and healthy controls (P = 0.002). No other difference was observed for tests with affective tone. MDD patients presented significantly lower scores in the Mini-Mental State Exam, logical memory test, visual recognition span, and digit span, while BD patients presented lower scores in the visual recognition test and digit span. Mood congruency effect was found for word span with positive tone among BD patients but no similar effect was observed among MDD patients for negative items. MDD patients presented more memory impairment than BD patients, but BD patients also showed memory impairment.

[Hepatic trauma]. / Trauma Hepático.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the causes, degree of injury and localization of the hepatic trauma in thoracic-abdominal injuries: surgical solution and its results, as well as to explain the liver damages according to the cause of the injury. ABSTRACT: Patients with thoracic-abdominal trauma often evidence liver lesions that must be treated quickly and promptly. METHOD: Retrospective study of the cases of liver trauma undergoing surgery during the years 1995/2000 at the Jos Casimiro Ulloa , Emergency Hospital in Lima, Peru. RESULTS: 164 patients underwent surgery with a mortality rate of 13.4% (22). Injuries were caused by direct contusion in 58% of the cases and by aggression in 42% of the cases. The liver was repaired with suture in 121 cases, by tamponing in 40 cases, by hepatectomy in 1 case and no treatment in 2 cases. There were 38 re-interventions. The relation between the degrees of liver injuries and mortality were: 1 Degree: 9 cases, with no deaths, 2 Degree: 97 cases with 4 deaths (4.1%); 3rd Degree: 37 cases with 2 deaths (5%), 4 Degree: 12 cases with 7 deaths (58%); 5 Degree: 9 cases with 9 deaths (100%). CONCLUSION: In our experience, liver complications in thoracic-abdominal injuries are high,. Total mortality was 13.6%, of which 70% were due to a closed wound and 30% due to an open wound. Resuscitation, vital support, quick and timely surgery, whichever the technique used to reduce liver bleeding, gives positive results. Often the accompanying lesions determine the patient s evolution. The symptoms of liver injuries are predictable in cases of direct trauma or deceleration. In wounds inflicted by bullets or sharp and penetrating objects, the trajectory determines the damages to the anatomy.