Profiles of Cognitive Emotion Regulation and their Association with Emotional Traits / Los perfiles de la regulación cognitiva de las emociones y su asociación con los rasgos emocionales

Existe un creciente interés en la investigación de las relaciones entre diferentes estrategias de regulación de la emoción y sus síntomas u otros rasgos emocionales. Este estudio considera estos tipos de estrategias como disposiciones personales en relación con otros factores, en un esfuerzo por identificar diferentes perfiles de regulación de la emoción cognitiva y analizar su capacidad para predecir el impacto positivo y negativo, rasgos emocionales (ansiedad e ira) y sintomatología depresiva. Los participantes fueron 350 individuos (50% hombres) con una edad media de 35.69 (SD = 7.5). Los métodos de análisis de datos empleados fueron cluster, análisis discriminante y comparación de medias. Encontramos aspectos idiosincrásicos que sugieren la existencia de diversos estilos cognitivos de regulación emocional. Estos estilos se diferencian por su mayor o menor frecuencia en el uso de estrategias consideradas en la literatura como "más adaptativa" o "menos adaptativa" (los perfiles "protector" y "vulnerable"), siendo la reevaluación positiva la estrategia que mejor distingue el perfil de regulación emocional de cada persona

There is increasing research interest in the relationships between different emotion regulation strategies and symptoms or other emotional traits. This study considers these types of strategies as personal dispositions in relation to other factors, in an effort to identify different cognitive emotion regulation profiles and analyze their predictive capacity for positive and negative affect, emotional traits (anxiety and anger), and depressive symptomatology. Participants were 350 individuals (50% men) with a mean age of 35.69 (SD = 7.5). The data analysis methods employed were cluster, discriminant analyses, and comparison of means. We found idiosyncratic aspects suggesting the existence of diverse cognitive styles of emotional regulation. These styles would be differentiated by greater or lesser frequency in the use of strategies considered in the literature as "more adaptive" or "less adaptive" (the "protector" and "vulnerable" profiles), positive reappraisal being the strategy that best distinguishes between individuals as regards their emotional regulation profile

Interpersonal reactivity index: analysis of invariance and gender differences in spanish youths.

Empathy is understood as a multidimensional construct involving both cognitive and emotional factors for which, traditionally, gender differences have been reported. The Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis in Catalog Sel Documents Psychol 10:1-19, 1980) is an instrument made up of four subscales, each measuring a different dimension of the global concept of empathy. Attending to gender differences, the present study's objective is twofold. First, it aims to determine, conceptually speaking, whether or not the model analyzed by this instrument is equivalent for the two sexes. Second, it aims to determine which dimensions involved in empathy most strongly predict gender differences. The results convey that the proposed model is invariant between boys and girls, although the dimensions exhibited significant differences of magnitude as a function of sex. Mainly two variables (Considerate Social Style and Impassiveness) were capable of distinguishing between men and women. Possible reasons for these results are also discussed.

Aggressive behavior in children: the role of temperament and family socialization

This study’s objective is to analyze temperament and parenting variables as they relate to proactive and reactive aggression in children. To be specific, profiles based on these variables were analyzed in children with high levels of proactive versus reactive aggression. The sample was made up of two groups: 482 children (52.3% boys) between 1 and 3 years-old, and 422 children (42.42% boys) 3 to 6 years-old. Statistical analyses of the two age groups included: Pearson´s correlations to explore the relationships among variables, Cluster Analysis to create groups with different levels of aggression, and finally discriminant analysis to determine which variables discriminate between groups. The results show that high levels of frustration/negative affect in the 1–3 year-old group and low effortful control in children 3 to 6 years old are the most relevant variables in differentiating between aggressive and non-aggressive subjects. Nevertheless, differential profiles of subjects with high levels of proactive versus reactive aggression were not observed. The implications of these different types of aggression in terms of development and prevention are discussed (AU)

No disponible

Propiedades psicométricas del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) en población infantil y adolescente española / Psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index in Spanish child and adolescent population

El presente estudio explora la dimensionalidad del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980) en una muestra de 721 sujetos españoles entre 9 y 16 años. Se realizaron diferentes análisis exploratorios como base para la propuesta de un análisis factorial confirmatorio de cinco factores de primer orden (Empatía Intelectual, Empatía Emocional Positiva, Empatía Emocional Desorganizadora, Empatía Virtual e Impasibilidad), de los cuales los dos primeros anidan en uno de segundo orden, «Estilo Social Considerado», que constituye una dimensión global de empatía positiva. Las diferentes dimensiones presentan niveles de fiabilidad y evidencias de validez adecuadas. El modelo resultante supone una alternativa robusta que incorpora nuevos componentes en la evaluación de la empatía (AU)

This article analyses the dimensions of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980). The sample comprised 721 Spanish participants between 9 and 16 years old. Diverse exploratory factor analyses were conducted as the basis for the final confirmatory factor analysis, through self-report. The results supported a structure with 5 first-order main factors (Intellectual empathy, Positive emotional empathy, Disorganized emotional empathy, Virtual empathy, and Impassiveness), where the two first factors are nested in a second-order dimension: «Considerate Social Style». The psychometric characteristics of the instrument were adequate. The proposed model is a new alternative to conceptualize the factor structure of empathy (AU)

[Psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index in Spanish child and adolescent population]. / Propiedades psicométricas del Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) en población infantil y adolescente española.

This article analyses the dimensions of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; Davis, 1980). The sample comprised 721 Spanish participants between 9 and 16 years old. Diverse exploratory factor analyses were conducted as the basis for the final confirmatory factor analysis, through self-report. The results supported a structure with 5 first-order main factors (Intellectual empathy, Positive emotional empathy, Disorganized emotional empathy, Virtual empathy, and Impassiveness), where the two first factors are nested in a second-order dimension: "Considerate Social Style". The psychometric characteristics of the instrument were adequate. The proposed model is a new alternative to conceptualize the factor structure of empathy.