Quality specification of ice creams produced with different homofermentative lactic acid bacteria.

This study investigated the changes in the physicochemical, microbiological, textural, and nutritional values of ice cream produced by various methods with the addition of different lactic acid bacteria. Adding lactic acid bacteria to the ice cream mix caused a decrease in firmness, consistency, cohesiveness, index of viscosity, pH, aw, first drop, complete melting, and overrun values (p < .05). These decreases were more pronounced in the samples to which lactic acid bacteria were added before mix maturation (p < .05). Firmness and consistency values varied between 15.11-16.26 (g) and 374.58-404.91 (g s), respectively, in the samples to which lactic acid bacteria were added before maturation. No significant effect of the addition of lactic acid bacteria to the ice cream mix on the L*, a*, and b* values of the bacteria before or after mix maturation was detected (p > .05). The L* values of the samples varied between 88.91 and 83.36, a* values between 0.76 and 1.32, and b* values between 6.57 and 8.38. An increase was detected in the amount of organic acid (excluding formic acid) in the samples produced with the addition of different lactic acid bacteria (p < .05). The number of fatty acids in the samples varied depending on the lactic acid addition and the production method; the rate of this change was generally higher in the samples with added lactic acid bacteria after mix maturation (p < .05). In particular, the amounts of short- and medium-chain fatty acids increased in the samples with lactic acid bacteria added after mix ripening, compared to the control sample.

The use of cold plasma technology in solving the mold problem in Kashar cheese.

In this study, the possibilities of using cold plasma technology in solving the mold problem, which is one of the most important problems in Kashar cheese, were investigated. For this purpose Kashar cheeses were exposed to cold plasma with different gas compositions. As a result of the study 3-4 log reduction was achieved for both Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium crysogenum. The pH and aw values of samples were decreased with cold plasma application. The b* values of samples increased while L* and a* values decreased. When all the results obtained are considered as a whole, it can be said that cold plasma technology improves the physicochemical properties of Kashar cheese and provides significant decrease in mold count of the product.