RESUMO
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal disorder that may bring about blindness in preterm infants. Early detection and treatment of ROP can prevent this blindness. The gold standard technique for ROP screening is indirect ophthalmoscopy performed by ophthalmologists. The scarcity of medical professionals and inter-observer heterogeneity in ROP grading are two of the screening concerns. Researchers employ artificial intelligence (AI) driven ROP screening systems to assist medical experts. A major hurdle in developing these systems is the unavailability of annotated data sets of fundus images. Anatomical landmarks in the retina, such as the optic disc, macula, blood vessels, and ridge, are used to identify ROP characteristics. HVDROPDB is the first dataset to be published for the retinal structure segmentation of fundus images of preterm infants. It is prepared from two diverse imaging systems on the Indian population for segmenting the lesions mentioned above and annotated by a group of ROP experts. Each dataset contains retinal fundus images of premature infants with the ground truths prepared manually to assist researchers in developing explainable automated screening systems.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: To explore all possible barriers faced by transgenders (TG) and commercial sex workers (CSW) in accessing eye care in Pune city in western India. METHODS: This qualitative study was conducted at a tertiary eye care center in Pune. Interview topic guides for face-to-face interviews and focused group discussions were developed. Comprehensive eye check-up was organized in the residential localities of TG and CSW communities in Pune. Those with severe visual impairment or blindness were identified. A sample of TGs and CSWs from this group was purposively selected and invited to participate in this study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with each TG and CSW. A group of health care providers and NGO workers serving these communities were invited to participate in focused group discussions. All interviews/discussions were audio recorded, transcribed, and translated into English. A qualitative software (N vivo 12, QRS International, Australia) was used to identify various themes and subthemes under each domain of barriers. RESULTS: A total of 24 people (6 each from TGs, CSWs, health care provider, and NGO worker groups) participated in this study. The most common barriers reported were social stigma, discrimination, poverty, financial exclusion, and mental health factors. Non availability of gender-neutral facilities in clinics was a unique barrier reported by TGs. CONCLUSION: Marginalized communities of TGs and CSWs in Pune face several previously unexplored and unique barriers for access to eye care despite the availability of services in the vicinity.
