[Effect of air pollution on the morphofunctional parameters of the placenta]. / Vliianie zagriaznenii atmosfernogo vozdukha na morfofunktsional'nye pokazateli platsenty.

Atmospheric air pollution can cause the oppression of the placentae fine structures development and of the adaptive abilities. These changes and its expression co-related with the level of air pollution.

[Lectin histochemistry of human placenta in the normal state and in uterine inertia]. / Lektinogistokhimiia platsenty cheloveka v norme i pri slabosti rodovoi deiatel'nosti.

The lectin-peroxidase technique has been used. The peanut lectin is able to label selectively Kashchenko--Hofbauer cells, villi of the chorion; the soya lectin--decidual cells in the maternal part of the placenta. Prolonged labour development is connected with disappearance of Kashchenko--Hofbauer cells, with a reduced binding of the Laburnum anagyroides lectin in combination with an intensified peanut lectin and concanavalin A binding with glycopolymeres of the villi of the chorion.

[Comparative histochemical study of glycoconjugates of the major salivary glands and pancreas in humans]. / Sravnite'lnoe gistokhimicheskoe issledovanie gliukoko''niu- gatov bo'lshikh sliunnykh i podzheludochnoi zhelez cheloveka.

The human parotid, submandibular, sublingual salivary glands and pancreas have been studied with lectin--horseradish peroxidase conjugates (con A, PNA, SBA, WGA, LAL), aldehyde fuchsin and Bismark brown. Intercalated duct cells produce a specific aldehyde-fuchsin-reactive substance. These cells are found only in the submandibular and parotid, but not in the sublingual glands. Similar reactivity is found in B-insulocytes of the pancreas. Aldehyde-fuchsin marks cytoplasmic granularity of the striated duct cells of all large salivary glands. This specific granularity is also selectively stained with Bismark brown and con A. Using fucose-specific lectin from Laburum anagyroides bark (LAL), granularity in serocytes of the submandibular gland is demonstrated. Some individual variations are observed in PNA binding to serocytes of the submandibular gland. It reveals that thyroglobulin-peroxidase conjugate (previously reported as an available second-step reagent for indirect lectin histochemical methods) non-specifically binds to the striated duct cells of the submandibular gland. During control staining it is also found, that DAB-reaction for endogenous peroxidase can be used as a test-system for a selective histochemical exposure of nuclear regions of endotheliocytes, pericytes and striated duct epitheliocytes of the human salivary glands. Possible significance of the phenomena observed is discussed.

[Effect of thyroid hormones on the histotopography of lectin receptors in the rat salivary gland]. / Vliianie tireoidnykh gormonov na gistotopografiiu retseptorov lektinov v sliunnykh zhelezakh krys.

Using lectin-peroxidase technique, the influence of hypo- and hyperthyroidism on histotopography of glycoconjugates has been investigated in rat submandibular gland. The following lectins were used: peanut agglutinin (PNA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Laburnum anagyroides lectin (LAL) and concanavalin A (con A). It has been demonstrated that hyperthyroidism is accompanied by the loss of con A, WGA and LAL receptor sites. Hypothyrodism enhanced con A binding to granular duct cells with a parallel reduction in WGA and LAL binding to these or other duct cells. Hypothyroidism as well as hyperthyroidism markedly enhanced PNA binding to duct epitheliocytes with redistribution of these lectin binding sites from the luminal surface of salivary ducts into the cytoplasm of duct cells. Possible interpretations of the observed phenomena are discussed.

[Lectin binding by structures of the submandibular gland of the rat during postnatal ontogenesis in the presence of thyroid pathology]. / Sviazyvanie lektinov strukturami podnizhnecheliustnoi sliunnoi zhelezy krys v postnatal'nom ontogeneze pri tireoidnoi patologii.

Redistribution of lectin receptor sites in rat submandibular gland under hypo- and hyperthyroidism has been investigated using lectin-peroxidase technique. Lectin preparation include con A, peanut agglutinin (PNA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and fucose-specific lectin from Laburnum anagyroides bark (LAB). Submandibular gland is excised on the 1st, 10th, 20th and 40th days of postnatal life and in adult rats. Hyperthyroidism, as well as hypothyroidism cause a considerable decrease of con A, WGA and LAB binding with simultaneous enhancement of PNA binding in all investigated groups of the animals. The only exception from this regularity is noted for con A: hypothyroidism in adult rats and on the 40th day of postnatal development causes enhancement of this lectin binding to granular duct epitheliocytes. Selective staining of mast cells with PNA and of separate neurocytes with con A is also demonstrated; these cells staining is affected neither by hyperthyroidism, nor by hypothyroidism. Possible interpretation of the observed phenomena is discussed.

[Carbohydrate determinants of organs of the reproductive tract of the mouse according to the results of using lectins with different specificities]. / Uglevodnye determinanty organov reproduktivnoi sistemy myshi po dannym ispol'zovaniia lektinov razlichnoi spetsifichnosti.

Histotopography of lectin receptor sites in adult mice ovary, oviduct, uterus, testis and epididymis has been investigated on light-optic level by means of lectin-peroxidase technique. Paraffin sections are treated with peanut agglutinin (PNA), soybean agglutinin (SBA), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and Laburnum anagyroides lectin (LAL), conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. Concanavalin A (Con A) receptor sites are visualized by indirect method. The usefulness of lectins for selective histochemic evaluation of definite organ structures is demonstrated. Zona pellucida, luteocytes, oviductal and uterine epitheliocytes are rich in receptor sites for all lectin used in the investigation. The most intense binding to zonae pellucidae glycoconjugates possess WGA and LAL, to luteocytes--PNA, SBA and LAL, to oviductal and uterine epitheliocytes--Con A and LAL. The preferential SBA binding to the acrosomal system and plasma membranes of spermatogenic cells is demonstrated. Changes in lectin-binding patterns during the maturation of intraovarian oocytes and spermatogenic cells are also studied. The perspectives of practical application of the results obtained, as well as trends in further lectin histochemistry investigations of the reproductive system are discussed.

[Lectin receptors in the salivary glands of the rat during postnatal ontogenesis]. / Restseptory lektinov v sliunnykh zhelezakh krys v protsesse postnatal'nogo razvitiia.

Distribution of lectin-binding sites in rat submandibular and sublingual salivary glands during postnatal development has been investigated. Lectin preparations include con A, lentin lectin, castor beans agglutinin, peanut, soybean and Sophora japonica agglutinins, wheat germ agglutinin and lectin from the bark of Laburnum anagyroides. The direct and indirect peroxidase techniques are used. According to the similarities of histochemical patterns, all lectins are divided into four groups. Besides the general patterns of lectin binding sites, some details are noted. Lectins of peanut and Sophora japonica possess an extremely high affinity to mast cells, con A, lens lectin, castor beans and wheat germ agglutinins--to serous demilunes cells. Laburnum lectin--to salivary ducts epithelia in adult rat salivary glands. Lentin lectin, con A and Laburnum lectin preferentially stain cells with specific granularity in granular ducts at early stages of postnatal development. Considering the character of staining, we propose for further histochemical investigations of the salivary glands lentin lectin, peanut agglutinin, wheat germ agglutinin and Laburum anagyroides lectin.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the pancreas in the progeny from females with experimental hypothyroidism]. / Morfunktsional'naia kharakteristika podzheludochnoi zhelezy potomstva ot samok s éksperimental'nym gipotireozom.

Histophysiological pancreatic indices were studied in 1-, 21- and 30-day-old offsprings of white non-lineal female rats that were given antithyreoid drug mercasolil in the dose 3 mg/kg of body weight during pregnancy and lactation. Chemical inhibition of maternal thyreoid function results in decreasing weight index of the offspring's pancreas, in decreasing section area of the terminal secretory parts, in narrowing the homogenous zone of exocrine pancreocytes, in decreasing the portion occupied by the endocrine part on the section area, as well as in decreasing the index of B/A cells ratio of pancreatic islands and of nuclear volume of basophilic insulocytes. It is possible to conclude from the data obtained that maternal hypothyreosis produced by mercasolil unfavourably affects the process of structural and functional setting and the status of the pancreas in the offspring.

[Structural and cytochemical characteristics of the heart in the progeny of animals given mercazolyl during pregnancy and lactation]. / Strukturnye i tsitokhimicheskie osobennosti serdtsa u potomstva zhivotnykh, poluchavshikh vo vremia beremennosti i laktatsii merkazolil.

Morphological and cytochemical features of the heart were studied in ratlings aged 1, 14, 21, 30, and 45 days born of animals which were given mercazolil (3 mg per 1 kg of body weight) during pregnancy and lactation. The relative heart weight of the progeny of the experimental animals proved to be considerably less during the postnatal period under study in comparison with control. A number of structural and cytochemical changes were displayed by the myocardium pointing to its dysfunction.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the thyroid gland after correction of iodine and bromine deficiency]. / Morfofunktsional'nye osobennosti shchitovidnoi zhele zy pri korrigirovanii iodnoi i bromnoi nedostatochnosti.

Experiments were conducted on rats; morphofunctional changes of the thyroid gland in correction of iodine and bromine deficiency, depending on the regimen of the microelements administration in the course of a one-week cycle were studied. Daily administration of a one-week dose of iodine and bromine proved to be most effective in respect to the normalization of the morphofunctional condition of the thyroid gland in animals given iodine-deficient diet. The lowest thyroid gland weight, intensification of the synthetic processes in the thyrocytes, complete utilization of the thyroid gland iodine, and enrichment of the organism with trace elements were noted. Recommendations are given concerning the expediency of the change of regimen of iodine and bromine administration in group antigoiter prophylaxis.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the adrenal glands in the progeny from females with experimental hypothyroidism]. / O morfofunktsional'nykh osobennostiakh madpochechnykh zhelez potomstva ot samok s éksperimental'nym gipotireozom.

Under study were the morphofunctional features of adrenal glands of 1, 10, 20, 30 and 40-day-old rats born by females with experimental hypothyrosis obtained by bilateral subtotal parathyroidectomy and blocade of the gland functioning by mercazolil (3 mkg/kg). The experimental treatment preceded pregnancy. The antithyroid drug was injected during pregnancy and lactation. The posterity of experimental animals was established to have a decreased need in oxygen as compared with controls. Their adrenal glands were of less weight (especially in off-springs of parathryodidectomized rats in the neonatal period). There are a number of morphometrical and histochemical signs suggesting the suppression of the functioning of the cortical and medullary substance, including the period of adaptation of the organism to the extrauterine life.

[Antithyroid activity of various newly synthesized 1,3-thiazine derivatives]. / Ob antitireoidnoi aktivnosti nekotorykh vnov' sintezirovannykh proizvodnykh 1,3-tiazana.

Experiments were performed on rats. It was revealed that three newly-synthesized 1,3-thiazine derivative (1,3-thiazandithion-2,4, 1,3-thiazanthion-2-on-4-thiosemicarbazone-4, and 1,3-thiazandion-2,4) possessed and antithyroidal action in doses equal to 15% of LD50; in the two former preparations it was accompanied by an goiterogenic effect. 1,3-thiazandion-2,4 had the most antithyroidal action and relatively weak goiterogenic effect.

[Morphofunctional characteristics of the thyroid and parathyroid glands of the progeny in the presence of maternal hyperthyroidism]. / Morfofunktsional'naia kharakteristika shchitovidnoi i okoloshchitovidnykh zhelez potomastva pri ékzogennom gipertireoze materinskogo organizma

The posterity of female albino rats given di-thyroxin (15 mkg/100 g) during gestation and lactation differ from off-springs of intact rats by less body weight and increased gas-exchange. Their thyroid galnds show evident signs of functional suppression, e. g. decreased relative weight, diminished height of thyrocytes, cytochemical shifts in the content and topography of RNP and the ascorbic acid. During the first 30 days of the postnatal life the parathyroid glands have greater weight than controls, are characterized by a number of morphological and cytochemical signs suggesting their increased functioning.