Enhanced Anti-Proliferative Effect of Carboplatin in Ovarian Cancer Cells Exploiting Chitosan-Poly (Lactic Glycolic Acid) Nanoparticles.

OBJECTIVE: The present article aimed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of carboplatin (CP) using the formulation of chitosan-poly (lactic glycolic acid) nanoparticles (CS-PLGA NPs). METHODS: Nanoparticles were synthesized by an ionic gelation method and were characterized for their morphology, particle size, and surface potential measurements by TEM and zeta sizer. This study was highlighted for the evaluation of drug entrapment, loading and in vitro drug release capabilities of the prepared nanoparticles by spectrophotometric analysis. The stability study was also conducted after 3 months for their particle size, zeta potential, drug loading and encapsulation efficiencies. Further, ovarian cancer cell line PEO1 was used to evaluate the toxicity and efficacy of nano-formulation by MTT assay. Additionally, the study was evaluated for apoptosis using flow cytometric analysis. RESULTS: The CS-PLGA-CP NPs were uniform and spherical in shape. The particle size and zeta potential of CS-PLGA-CP NPs were measured to be 156 ±6.8 nm and +52 ±2.4 mV, respectively. High encapsulation (87.4 ± 4.5%) and controlled retention capacities confirmed the efficiency of the prepared nanoparticles in a time and dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity assay results also showed that CS-PLGA-CP NPs have a high efficiency on PEO1 cells compared to the free drug. The flow cytometric result showed 64.25% of the PEO1 cells were apoptotic, and 8.42% were necrotic when treated with CS-PLGA-CP NPs. CONCLUSION: Chitosan-PLGA combinational polymeric nanoparticles were not only steady but also non-toxic. Our experiments revealed that the chitosan-PLGA nanoparticles could be used as a challenging vehicle candidate for drug delivery for the therapeutic treatment of ovarian cancer.

Chitosan/poly (lactic acid)-coated piceatannol nanoparticles exert an in vitro apoptosis activity on liver, lung and breast cancer cell lines.

The aim of the study was to synthesize nanoparticles (NPs) with chitosan (CS), and poly (lactic acid) (PLA) as a carrier for the drug piceatannol (PIC). The synthesized nanoparticles form the composite of polymeric-drug nanoparticles (CS/PLA-PIC NPs) by dropping method. The preliminary and stability studies were determined for the polymers drug-loading capacity and encapsulation efficiencies. The in vitro drug release study showed that NPs provided a continuous release of the entrapped PIC. The NPs found to be a good scavenger for DPPH, SOD and NO radicals. MTT and LDH assays revealed higher cytotoxic efficacy of CS/PLA-PIC NPs in HepG2, A549 and MCF7 cells compared to CS-PLA NPs and PIC. Dual staining results showed the early/late-stages of apoptotic and necrotic cells. Furthermore, cells treated with CS/PLA-PIC NPs showed fragmenting DNA and also demonstrated for apoptotic cells percentage by flow cytometry. These results suggested that upon CS/PLA-PIC NPs exposure leads to decrease in cancer cell viability due to apoptosis.

Toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 on embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio): potential activity of piceatannol encapsulated chitosan/poly (lactic acid) nanoparticles.

The aim was to analyse the efficacy of piceatannol (PIC) loaded chitosan (CS)/poly(lactic acid)(PLA) nanoparticles (CS/PLA-PIC NPs) in zebra fish embryos exposed to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). FTIR confirmed the chemical interaction between the polymers and drug. SEM showed the size of CS/PLA-PIC NPs approximately 87 to 200nm, compared to CS-PLA NPs of 150nm size. The size was further affirmed as 127nm (CS-PLA NPs) and 147nm (CS/PLA-PIC NPs) by zetasizer depiction. CS/PLA-PIC NPs have not illustrated toxicity at high concentrations when tested in zebrafish embryos. AFB1 wielded their toxic effects on the survival, spontaneous movement, hatching and heart rate and development of embryos were observed in both time and dose-dependent manner at 4µM. Our results suggested that the addition of CS/PLA-PIC NPs increases the survival, heart rate and hatching in time dependent manner at the dosage of 20µg/ml. These hopeful results may prompt the advancement of drug encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles which may have the potential role in improving the AFB1 induced toxicity in humans as well.