RESUMO
Two variations of a vocal paired-stimulus preference assessment were evaluated to determine whether the verbal reports of preference, given by individuals with developmental disabilities when no access to the activity was given, matched their verbal reports when access to the activity was given contingent on their choice. The results indicated different outcomes between the two methods for 6 of the 7 participants. Subsequent reinforcer assessments, conducted for 2 participants, showed that activities identified in the preference assessments that provided access contingent on selection resulted in more responding than did activities identified in the preference assessment that did not include access to items following their selection.
Assuntos
Comportamento de Escolha , Educação de Pessoa com Deficiência Intelectual , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental/psicologia , Reforço por Recompensa , Comportamento Verbal , Adolescente , Criança , Condicionamento Operante , Humanos , Masculino , Motivação , Resolução de ProblemasRESUMO
Researchers have demonstrated that both deprivation and satiation can affect the outcome of preference assessments for food. In the current study, paired-stimulus preference assessments for tangible items were conducted under three conditions: control, deprivation, and satiation. Three persons with developmental disabilities and 3 typically developing preschool children served as participants. The results demonstrated that deprivation and satiation influenced the outcome of preference assessments of leisure items or toys.
Assuntos
Comportamento de Escolha , Condicionamento Operante , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/reabilitação , Atividades de Lazer , Jogos e Brinquedos , Recompensa , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Deficiências do Desenvolvimento/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , SaciaçãoRESUMO
In the present investigation, a functional analysis of the disruptive behavior of a 18-year-old man who had been diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and moderate mental retardation was conducted, both when he was taking methylphenidate and when he was not taking the medication. The results of this functional analysis demonstrated that the participant's disruptive behaviors were reinforced by access to attention only when he was not taking methylphenidate.
