Primeira descrição da caracterização fenotípica e susceptibilidade in vitro a drogas de leveduras do gênero Cryptococcus spp isoladas de pacientes HIV positivos e negativos, Estado de Mato Grosso / First description of phenotypic profile and in vitro drug susceptibility of Cryptococcus spp yeast isolated from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in State of Mato Grosso

Foram avaliados 37 isolados de 10 pacientes HIV negativos e 26 positivos, em Mato Grosso. Exame direto, cultura e quimiotipagem de espécies foram realizados. Cetoconazol, itraconazol, voriconazol, fluconazol e anfotericina B foram avaliados. Foram identificadas 37 leveduras do gênero Cryptococcus spp sendo 26 de pacientes HIV- positivos (25 Cryptococcus neoformans e um Cryptococcus gattii) e 10 de HIV- negativos (cinco Cryptococcus neoformans e cinco Cryptococcus gattii). Considerando isolados clínicos (Cryptococcus neoformans) de HIV positivos observou-se resistência (8 por cento e 8,7 por cento) e susceptibilidade dose-dependência (20 por cento e 17,4 por cento) para fluconazol e itraconazol respectivamente. Para isolados de Cryptococcus neoformans oriundos de pacientes HIV negativos, observou-se susceptibilidade dose-dependência (40 por cento) ao fluconazol. Os isolados de Cryptococcus gattii provenientes de pacientes HIV- negativos mostraram-se susceptíveis a todos os antifúngicos, exceto um isolado de Cryptococcus gattii que foi susceptível dose-dependente ao fluconazol (20 por cento). O isolado proveniente do paciente HIV- positivo demonstrou resistência ao fluconazol (CIM > 256µg/mL) e itraconazol (CIM=3µg/mL).

Thirty-seven isolates from 10 HIV-negative and 26 HIV-positive patients in Mato Grosso were evaluated. Direct examination, culturing and chemotyping of species were performed. Ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B were evaluated. Thirty-seven yeasts of Cryptococcus spp were identified, of which 26 were from HIV-positive patients (25 Cryptococcus neoformans and one Cryptococcus gattii) and 10 from HIV-negative patients (five Cryptococcus neoformans and five Cryptococcus gattii). The Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from HIV-positive patients showed resistance (8 percent and 8.7 percent) and dose-dependent susceptibility (20 percent and 17.4 percent) to fluconazole and itraconazole, respectively. Among the Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from HIV-negative patients, there was dose-dependent susceptibility (40 percent) to fluconazole. Cryptococcus gattii isolates from HIV-negative patients were shown to be susceptible to all antifungal agents, except for one isolate of Cryptococcus gattii that showed dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole (20 percent). The Cryptococcus gattii isolate from an HIV-positive patient showed resistance to fluconazole (MIC > 256 »g/ml) and itraconazole (MIC = 3 »g/ml).

[First description of phenotypic profile and in vitro drug susceptibility of Cryptococcus spp yeast isolated from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in State of Mato Grosso]. / Primeira descrição da caracterização fenotípica e susceptibilidade in vitro a drogas de leveduras do gênero Cryptococcus spp isoladas de pacientes HIV positivos e negativos, Estado de Mato Grosso.

Thirty-seven isolates from 10 HIV-negative and 26 HIV-positive patients in Mato Grosso were evaluated. Direct examination, culturing and chemotyping of species were performed. Ketoconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B were evaluated. Thirty-seven yeasts of Cryptococcus spp were identified, of which 26 were from HIV-positive patients (25 Cryptococcus neoformans and one Cryptococcus gattii) and 10 from HIV-negative patients (five Cryptococcus neoformans and five Cryptococcus gattii). The Cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates from HIV-positive patients showed resistance (8% and 8.7%) and dose-dependent susceptibility (20% and 17.4%) to fluconazole and itraconazole, respectively. Among the Cryptococcus neoformans isolates from HIV-negative patients, there was dose-dependent susceptibility (40%) to fluconazole. Cryptococcus gattii isolates from HIV-negative patients were shown to be susceptible to all antifungal agents, except for one isolate of Cryptococcus gattii that showed dose-dependent susceptibility to fluconazole (20%). The Cryptococcus gattii isolate from an HIV-positive patient showed resistance to fluconazole (MIC > or = 256 (1/4)g/ml) and itraconazole (MIC = 3 (1/4)microg/ml).