Effect of strain and nutritional density of the diet on the water-protein ratio, fat and collagen levels in the breast and legs of broilers slaughtered at different ages.

Many requirements are necessary to meet the European Union rules to export poultry, including the amount of physiological water and water-protein ratio (WPR) in carcasses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify if strain, nutrition, and age affect the amount of collagen and fat and the WPR in cuts and verify whether the latter meets the international export standards. A total of 3,240 male chicks were housed in a completely randomized design in a 3 × 3 × 5 factorial arrangement, which included 3 nutritional densities (regular, medium, and high), 3 strains (021 Embrapa and 2 commercial strains identified as A and B), and 5 ages. Twelve broilers from each treatment (totaling 540 birds) were slaughtered at 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 D of age to determine collagen and fat levels and WPR (through the calculation of moisture and protein percentage) in broiler breasts and legs using the near-infrared spectroscopy method. The use of feeds with different nutritional densities presented in this study has no effect on the WPR in the breast and legs of broilers slaughtered between 28 and 56 D of age. However, nutritional density influences liveweight and percentage of fat in the breast and legs. Collagen percentage in the legs decreases with increasing nutritional density. The 021 Embrapa strain cuts present a lower WPR than those of other commercial strains. However, the values found for all strains studied are within the limits of the Europe Union and Brazilian legislations. The liveweight, breast weight, leg weight, and leg fat increases linearly with age. Quite the opposite, water protein ratio, breast fat level, and breast collagen level decrease linearly with age. Leg WPR and leg collagen level are not affected by age. Despite the differences found for strains, nutritional densities and age readers should be aware that these factors may interact with each other depending on the response variable studied.

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli and Escherichia albertii in Brazil: pathotypes and serotypes over a 6-year period of surveillance.

Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) is a leading cause of infectious diarrhoea worldwide. In recent years, Escherichia albertii has also been implicated as a cause of human enteric diseases. This study describes the occurrence of E. coli pathotypes and serotypes associated with enteric illness and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) isolated in Brazil from 2011 to 2016. Pathotypes isolated included enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). PCR of stool enrichments for DEC pathotypes was employed, and E. albertii was also sought. O:H serotyping was performed on all DEC isolates. A total of 683 DEC and 10 E. albertii strains were isolated from 5047 clinical samples. The frequencies of DEC pathotypes were 52.6% (359/683) for EPEC, 32.5% for EAEC, 6.3% for ETEC, 4.4% for EIEC and 4.2% for STEC. DEC strains occurred in patients from 3 months to 96 years old, but EPEC, EAEC and STEC were most prevalent among children. Both typical and atypical isolates of EPEC and EAEC were recovered and presented great serotype heterogeneity. HUS cases were only associated with STEC serotype O157:H7. Two E. albertii isolates belonged to serogroup O113 and one had the stx2f gene. The higher prevalence of atypical EPEC in relation to EAEC in community-acquired diarrhoea in Brazil suggests a shift in the trend of DEC pathotypes circulation as previously EAEC predominated. This is the first report of E. albertii isolation from active surveillance. These results highlight the need of continuing DEC and E. albertii surveillance, as a mean to detect changes in the pattern of pathotypes and serotypes circulation and provide useful information for intervention and control strategies.

Microsatellite markers linked to the locus of the watermelon fruit stripe pattern.

Agronomic performance and external and internal appearance of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) fruit are important traits that should be taken into consideration during the development of a new cultivar, as well as being the principal identification elements used by the consumer, which are based on the external appearance and quality of the fruit. Externally, the fruit can be characterized in terms of the shape, the color of the lower rind, and the presence of grooves and stripes, the stripes can be classified as clearly defined or diffuse. The objective of this study was to identify microsatellite markers linked to the stripe pattern of watermelon fruit to support watermelon improvement programs, with the selection of this characteristic in the plantlet stage. F1 and F2 populations, result of a cross between the cultivars BRS Opara (clearly defined stripes) and Pérola (diffuse stripes), were phenotyped for their fruit stripe pattern. The CTAB 2X protocol was used for DNA extraction and 116 microsatellite markers were examined in a group of F2 plants that had fruit with well-defined stripes and fruit with diffuse stripes. The microsatellite loci MCPI_05 and MCPI_16 exhibited a linkage to the stripe pattern at a distance of 1.5 and 1.8 cM, respectively, with LOD scores of 39.28 and 38.11, respectively, which were located on chromosome six of the watermelon genome. These markers can be used in marker-assisted selection in watermelon improvement programs, by various research institutions.

Longitudinal surveillance for meningitis by Acinetobacter in a large urban setting in Brazil.

The study aim was to describe the emergence of carbapenem resistance and clonal complexes (CC), defined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST), in Acinetobacter baumannii in a surveillance system for meningitis. Starting in 1996 in an urban setting of Brazil, surveillance detected meningitis by Acinetobacter sp for the first time in 2002. Up to 2008, 35 isolates were saved. Carbapenem resistance emerged in 2006, reaching 70% of A. baumannii isolates in 2008, including one that was colistin resistant. A. baumannii belonged to CC113/79 (University of Oxford/Institute Pasteur schemes), CC235/162 and CC103/15. Dissemination of infections resistant to all antimicrobial agents may occur in the future.

Aureocin A70 production is disseminated amongst genetically unrelated Staphylococcus aureus involved in bovine mastitis.

AIMS: The main aim of this study was to analyse the genetic relationship amongst 46 Staphylococcus aureus Bac(+) strains isolated in Brazil from 12 geographically distant dairy herds, including 34 isolates that produce the antimicrobial peptide aureocin A70. METHODS AND RESULTS: The comparison of 46 Staph. aureus Bac(+) strains was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirteen different pulsotypes were identified, and the subtype A(1) was the most prevalent one. Nine strains belong to pulsotype F, the second most prevalent and mostly confined to a single herd. The PFGE patterns of the 34 Staph. aureus aureocin A70-producers, isolated in Brazil, were also compared with those of strains isolated from bovine mastitis cases in Argentina and revealed that these strains are not genetically related. CONCLUSIONS: Although a previous study has suggested that a prevalent pulsotype of aureocin A70-producer Staph. aureus involved in bovine mastitis is disseminated in Argentina, this does not occur in Brazil. Additionally, it was possible to demonstrate that closely related staphylococcal strains can produce distinct staphylococcins. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study corroborates the hypothesis of horizontal gene transfer of aureocin A70 genes amongst distinct staphylococcal strains involved in bovine mastitis, giving them a selective advantage when colonizing the mammary glands.

Severe infection in a lung transplant recipient caused by donor-transmitted carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

We describe a case of proven donor transmission of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, which resulted in severe infectious complications after lung transplantation. A single bla(OXA-23) positive strain, belonging to a new multilocus sequence type (ST231), was isolated from donor and recipient, who died 65 days after transplantation. This report highlights the current challenges associated with the potential transmission of multidrug-resistant infections through organ transplantation.

Physical therapy intervention (PTI) increases plasma brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in non-frail and pre-frail elderly women.

Biomarkers are important factors in the identification of the frail elderly (higher risk of developing disease) and in assessing the impact of PTI. On the other hand, BDNF has been related to neuroprotection in a series of central nervous system diseases in older age. The levels of BDNF in groups of elderly women classified according to Fried phenotype (non-frail and pre-frail) were compared. We assessed the impact of a PTI on BDNF levels. A convenience sample of 48 elderly women was randomly selected. The PTI group was composed by 20 elderly women selected from this group. Plasma neurotrophic factors, such as BDNF, glial-derived neutrophic factor (GDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Timed-up-and-go (TUG) test, hand-grip and work/body weight were evaluated before and after the intervention. Plasma concentrations of BDNF were significantly higher in non-frail in comparison to pre-frail elderly women. After the PTI, higher levels of BDNF were found in elderly women (before 351±68 pg/ml and after 593±79 pg/ml; p<0.001). Both groups had an increase in BDNF levels after the PTI. The low levels of BDNF in pre-frail elderly women suggest that this neurotrophic factor may be a key pathophysiological mediator in the syndrome of frailty. The fact that PTI increased BDNF levels in both groups suggests that it may be possible to modify this phenotype.

Qualidade de vida na perspectiva de idosas com incontinência urinária / Quality of life from the perspective of elderly women with urinary incontinence

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A incontinência urinária (IU), condição clínica comum entre idosos, pode comprometer a qualidade de vida (QV) e, por esta razão, avaliar as repercussões sobre a mesma torna-se relevante. OBJETIVO: Desvendar como idosas submetidas a tratamento fisioterapêutico para IU percebem sua QV atual. METODOLOGIA: Este foi um estudo qualitativo que, por meio de entrevistas individuais semi-estruturadas, pesquisou a QV na perspectiva de doze idosas com 60 anos e mais. O tamanho da amostra foi determinado por meio de saturação. As entrevistas foram gravadas, transcritas e posteriormente analisadas pela técnica da análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: A QV vinculou-se à saúde, autonomia, relacionamentos pessoais, estabilidade financeira e vida ativa. O comprometimento psicológico vinculou-se à preocupação e desagrado diante das perdas urinárias e receio de elas ocorrerem em locais não apropriados. O constrangimento de outras pessoas perceberem o odor de urina e a vivência prévia de situações também constrangedoras vincularam-se ao comprometimento social. CONCLUSÕES: A análise do conteúdo das entrevistas permitiu concluir que, apesar de a IU estar presente na vida das idosas, trazendo prejuízos psicológicos e sociais, a QV foi positivamente percebida.

BACKGROUND: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common clinical condition among elderly people and may interfere with quality of life (QOL). For this reason, assessing its repercussions becomes important. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain how elderly women undergoing physical therapy for UI perceived their current QOL. METHOD: This was a qualitative study that investigated QOL from the perspective of twelve elderly women aged 60 years and over, by means of individual semistructured interviews. The sample size was determined by saturation. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and then analyzed using the content analysis technique. RESULTS: QOL was correlated with health, autonomy, personal relationships, financial stability and active life. Psychological impairment was associated with concern and disgust regarding urine loss and fear that this might occur in inappropriate places. Embarrassment because other people had noticed the smell of urine, and previous experience of similar embarrassing situations, was associated with social impairment. CONCLUSION: Content analysis on the interviews allowed the conclusion that, even though UI was present in these elderly women's lives and caused psychological and social harm, they had a positive perception of their QOL.

Muscular function and functional mobility of faller and non-faller elderly women with osteoarthritis of the knee.

Falls are a major concern in the elderly population with chronic joint disease. To compare muscular function and functional mobility among older women with knee osteoarthritis with and without a history of falls, 15 elderly women with a history of falls (74.20 +/- 4.46 years) and 15 without a history of falls (71.73 +/- 4.73 years) were studied. Muscular function, at the angular speed of 60, 120, and 180 masculine/s, was evaluated using the Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer. The sit-to-stand task was performed using the Balance Master System and the Timed Up and Go test was used to determine functional mobility. After collection of these data, the history of falls was investigated. A statistically significant difference was detected in the time taken to transfer the center of gravity during the sit-to-stand test (means +/- SD; non-fallers: 0.35 +/- 0.16 s; fallers: 0.55 +/- 0.32 s; P = 0.049, Student t-test) and in the Timed Up and Go test (medians; non-fallers: 10.08 s; fallers: 11.59 s; P = 0.038, Mann-Whitney U-test). The results indicated that elderly osteoarthritic women with a history of falls presented altered functional mobility and needed more time to transfer the center of gravity in the sit-to-stand test. It is important to implement strategies to guarantee a better functional performance of elderly patients to reduce fall risks.

Muscular function and functional mobility of faller and non-faller elderly women with osteoarthritis of the knee

Falls are a major concern in the elderly population with chronic joint disease. To compare muscular function and functional mobility among older women with knee osteoarthritis with and without a history of falls, 15 elderly women with a history of falls (74.20 ± 4.46 years) and 15 without a history of falls (71.73 ± 4.73 years) were studied. Muscular function, at the angular speed of 60, 120, and 180°/s, was evaluated using the Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer. The sit-to-stand task was performed using the Balance Master System and the Timed Up and Go test was used to determine functional mobility. After collection of these data, the history of falls was investigated. A statistically significant difference was detected in the time taken to transfer the center of gravity during the sit-to-stand test (means ± SD; non-fallers: 0.35 ± 0.16 s; fallers: 0.55 ± 0.32 s; P = 0.049, Student t-test) and in the Timed Up and Go test (medians; non-fallers: 10.08 s; fallers: 11.59 s; P = 0.038, Mann-Whitney U-test). The results indicated that elderly osteoarthritic women with a history of falls presented altered functional mobility and needed more time to transfer the center of gravity in the sit-to-stand test. It is important to implement strategies to guarantee a better functional performance of elderly patients to reduce fall risks.

Nível de atividade física, dor e edema e suas relações com a disfunção muscular do joelho de idosos com osteoartrite / Physical activity levels, pain and swelling and their relationships with knee muscle dysfunction in elderly people with osteoarthritis

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: O decréscimo da função dos músculos quadríceps (Q) e isquiotibiais (IT) apresenta-se potencializado na população idosa com osteoartrite (OA) de joelhos, podendo ser atribuído ao menor nível de atividade física (NAF) ou à dor e ao edema. OBJETIVOS: Comparar o desempenho de Q e IT de idosos assintomáticos e com OA de joelhos e correlacionar tal desempenho com a dor e o edema. MÉTODOS: A amostra constitui-se de quinze idosos com OA de joelho bilateral (grupo OA) e quinze assintomáticos (grupo AS). O dinamômetro isocinético, Biodex System 3-Pro, foi utilizado para avaliar a performance muscular e a escala visual análoga (EVA) numérica para registro da dor. O edema foi avaliado por teste manual. Teste t-Student foi empregado para comparar as variáveis demográficas, antropométricas, trabalho de Q (TRAB Q), de IT (TRAB IT) e Relação IT/Q. Teste Qui-quadrado foi utilizado para a comparação do NAF e o coeficiente de Spearman para verificar correlação entre as variáveis edema e dor com TRAB Q, TRAB IT e Relação IT/Q. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre as variáveis antropométricas, demográficas e NAF (p>0,05). TRAB Q apresentou-se estatisticamente menor (p=0,001) no grupo OA e a Relação IT/Q, mostrou-se estatisticamente maior neste grupo (p=0,04). Não houve correlação entre as variáveis dor e edema com TRAB Q, TRAB IT e Relação IT/Q (rho < -0,468; p > 0,229). CONCLUSÃO: A redução da função muscular dos idosos com OA de joelhos não pode ser atribuída unicamente a um menor NAF desta população.

BACKGROUND: Decreased quadriceps and hamstring muscle function appears to be greater in the elderly population with knee osteoarthritis. This may be due to lower physical activity levels or to pain and swelling. OBJECTIVE: To compare quadriceps and hamstring performance in elderly people with and without knee osteoarthritis and to correlate this with pain and swelling. METHOD: The sample was composed of 15 elderly people with bilateral knee osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis group) and 15 asymptomatic elderly people (asymptomatic group). The Biodex System 3-Pro® isokinetic dynamometer was used to evaluate muscle performance, and a visual analog scale (VAS) to register the pain. The swelling was assessed by a manual test. Student's t test was applied to compare the demographics, anthropometric variables, quadriceps work, hamstring work and hamstring/quadriceps ratio. The chi-squared test was used to compare physical activity levels and Spearman coefficients to verify correlations between the swelling and pain variables and the quadriceps work, hamstring work and hamstring/quadriceps ratio. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were detected between the anthropometric variables, demographics and physical activity levels (p > 0.05). Quadriceps work was statistically smaller (p = 0.001) in the osteoarthritis group and the hamstring/quadriceps ratio was statistically larger in this group (p = 0.04). There was no correlation between the pain and swelling variables and the quadriceps work, hamstring work and hamstring/quadriceps ratio (rho < -0.468; p > 0.229). CONCLUSION: The reduced muscle function among elderly people with knee osteoarthritis cannot solely be attributed to the lower physical activity levels of this population.

Valores de referência e influência da idade no eritrograma de fêmeas bovinas da raça Aquitânica / Reference values and age effect on the erythrogram of bovine females of the Aquitanian breed

Determinaram-se os valores de referência e estudou-se a influência da idade sobre o eritrograma em fêmeas bovinas da raça Aquitânica. Amostras de sangue de 80 fêmeas bovinas, acima de 12 meses de idade, e não reagentes ao antígeno do vírus da leucose dos bovinos, foram colhidas utilizando-se EDTA como anticoagulante para realização das seguintes provas: contagem global das hemácias, determinação do volume globular, concentração de hemoglobina, cálculo dos índices hematimétricos absolutos - volume corpuscular médio (VCM), hemoglobina corpuscular média (HCM) e concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média (CHCM). A idade exerceu influência significativa (P<0,05) sobre a maioria dos parâmetros hematológicos estudados, com diminuição da quantidade de hemácias e aumento do volume globular, quantidade de hemoglobina, VCM e HCM. Os valores foram: hemácias 6,68±0,58×10(6)/mm³, volume globular 41,2±4,5 por cento, hemoglobina 12,8±1,31g/dl, VCM 61,83±6,54fl, HCM 19,28±2,25pg, CHCM 31,4±2,3 por cento.

The reference values and the influence of the age factor on the erytrogram in bovine females of the Aquitanian breed were evaluated. Blood samples of 80 healthy females, all tested negative for bovine leucose virus, were utilized for the analysis. Erythrocyte counts, determination of the packed cell volume, concentration of hemoglobin, calculation of hematimetric absolute rates of mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were evaluated. Significant influence (P<0.05) of age was observed for most of the hematological characteristics, with decreased of the number of erythrocytes and increase of packed cell volume, quantity of hemoglobin, MCV, MCH. The reference values were: erythrocytes counting 6.68±0.58×10(6)/mm³, packed cell volume 41.2±4.5 percent, hemoglobin 12.8±1.31g/dl, VCM 61.83±6.54fl, HCM 19.28±2.25pg, CHCM 31.4±2.3 percent.

Relação entre intensidade de dor e capacidade funcional em indivíduos obesos com osteoartrite de joelho / Relationship between pain intensity and functional capacity of obese individuals with knee osteoarthritis

CONTEXTUALIZAÇÃO: A osteoartrite (OA) de joelho é uma doença crônica que acomete a cartilagem articular, provocando alterações ósseas, dor e rigidez à movimentação. A obesidade é um dos seus principais fatores de risco. As queixas de dificuldades funcionais são freqüentes, especialmente para a locomoção, que se torna mais lenta. Com os crescentes níveis de obesidade no Brasil, torna-se importante compreender como a OA de joelho afeta a capacidade funcional humana, a fim de se elaborar medidas de tratamento e prevenção. OBJETIVO: Analisar a influência da intensidade de dor, gravidade radiográfica, grau de obesidade e duração dos sintomas na capacidade funcional de indivíduos obesos com OA de joelho. MÉTODO: A intensidade de dor foi medida pelo questionário Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Index (WOMAC) e durante os testes funcionais. A gravidade radiográfica foi analisada pela classificação Kellgren-Lawrence e o grau de obesidade pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC). Foram realizados quatro testes funcionais de velocidade: marcha usual e rápida, subir e descer escadas. RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída de 31 mulheres e 4 homens, com idade média de 51,65 ± 10,72 anos e IMC médio de 41,16 ± 8,37 kg/m². As atividades em escadas estavam associadas a níveis mais intensos de dor. Apenas a intensidade de dor apresentou correlações significativas com os resultados nos testes de velocidade. CONCLUSÃO: A intensidade de dor é um fator que influencia a realização de atividades funcionais em indivíduos obesos com OA de joelho, mas outros estudos são necessários para identificar os fatores determinantes de capacidade funcional nesta população.

Transferencia da posicao sentada pra em pe: estudo comparativo entre idosas assintomaticas e idosas com osteoartite e correlacao entre tempo da tarefa e funcao muscular / Sit-to-stand transfer: comparasion between asymptomatic and osteoarthritic elderly women and correlation between movement time and muscle function

Em idosos, a capacidade de se levantar de uma posicao sentada sentada em um menor tempo associa-se a menos comorbidades ec para realizar essa atividade. Forca e potencia de extensores e plexores de joelho sao importantes. ao aumentar a velocidade do levantar

Avaliação isocinetica da função muscular do quadril e do tornozelo em idosos que sofrem quedas / Isokinetic evaluation of hip and ankle muscle function among elderly people who suffer falls

Analisar o impacto da funcao muscular dos membros inferiores sobre as quedas em uma populacao de idosos. Metodos: os participantes foram 30 idosos, 14 que nao haviam sofrido quedas e 16 que ja haviam sofrido quedas no ultimo 6 meses, selecionados aleatoriamente no ambulatorio de geriatria de um hospital universitario. Todos foram submetidos a avaliacao demografica e clinica e ao teste de funcao muscular no Dinamometro Isocientico Biodex. Os avaliadores nao foram informados sobre o grupo a que pertencia cada idoso ate o final do estudo. Foram feitas analises estatisticas descritivas para todas as variaveis e para a comparacao entre os grupos foram utilizados o test t-Student, Mann-whitney, qui-quadrado ou teste exato de fisher, no nivel de significancia < 0,05. Resultados Em relacao a funcao muscular do tornozelo, os idosos que ja cairam apresentaram menor potencia media (p variado entre 0,005 e 0,001), menor trabalho propocional ao peso corporal (p variado entre 0,046 e 0,028) e o menor pico de torque propocional ao peso corporal( p=0.23). Para a articulacao do quadril nao houve diferencas estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos em nenhuma das variaveis testadas.Conclusoes: idosos que ja cairam apresentaram menores valores de pico de torque, trabalho proporcional ao peso corporal e potencia media para a articulacao de tornozelo em relacao aos que nao cairam. Nao houve diferencas estatisticamente significatyivas para a funcao muscular do quadril. Nossos achados mostram que na abordagem fisioterapeutica do idoso e necessario incluir rxercicios de fortalecimento para o tornozelo, contribuindo para a prevencao de quedas

Relacao isquiotibiais/quadriceps em mulheres idosas utilizando o dinamometro isocinetico / Isokinetic hamstring/quadriceps ratio in elderly women

A relacao entre o torque isocinetico maximo dos isquiotibiais e o torque isocinetico maximo do quadriceps (relacao IQT/QUA) e um parametro utilizado para descrever o equilibrio muscular da articulacao do joelho. Uma alteracao desse equilibrio predispoe a articulacao ou o grupo muscular mais fraco a lesao. A obtencao de valores de referencia da relacao IQT/QUA de idosas e importante, p[ois possibilita comparacoes entre individuos dessa faixa etaria. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer valores normativos para a relacao IQT/QUA de idosas nao-institucionalizadas que vivem na regiao metropolitana de Belo Horizonte. Este foi um estudo transversal de uma amostra composta por 47 idosas voluntarias (69,11+-3,64 anos). Como nao houve diferenca estatisticamente significativa entre os membros, foram descritos apenas a media, o desvio padrao, o coeficiente de variacao (CV) e o erro estimado (EE) da relacao IQT/QUA do membro inferior dominante, nas velocidades angulares de (60s e 180s), utilizando o dinamometro isocinetico Biodex System 3 Pro. Na velocidade de 60s, a media foi de 47,95+-10,99(por cento); o Cv, 22,91; e o EE, 6,85. Na velocidade de 180s a media foi 59,59+-13,40(por cento); o Cv, 22,49; e o EE, 6,43. Assim, o valor da relacao foi maior com o aumento da velocidade. Os resultados aqui encontrados, aliados a outros de diferentes regioes, podem ser considerados referencia para idosas vivendo na comunidade, o que podera direcionar a reabilitacao, tornando-a mais efetiva. Alem disso, esses dados permitirao comparacoes com futuros estudos que envolvam populacoes de idosas comunitarias, institucionalizadas ou com alguma doenca

Estudo da propriocepcao e desempenho funcional em idosos com osteoartrite de joelhos / Proprioception and funcional performance study in the elderly wit knee osteoarthritis

Ha evidencias de que a propriocepcao e o desempenho funcional tendem a declinar nos idosos saudaveis e essa tendencia e ainda maior nos idosos com osteoartite (OA). O objetivo deste foi verificar se havia diferenca quanto a propriocepcao e a funcao entre um grupo de 11 idosos assintomaticos (GASS) e 11 com OA de joelhos (GOA). A propriocepcao foi avaliada por meio de um dinamometro isocinetico e o protocolo consistiu de um teste de reposicionamentoativo a 20o. e 40o. de flexao de joelhos, em cadeia cinetica aberta. O desempenho funcional foi avaliado pelos testes de velocidade auto-selecionada de marcha e subida e descida de escadas. Para caracterizar a amostra foram usadas variaveis clinicas e para avaliar a gravidade da doenca, o Indice Lequesne. Os dados foram analizados utilizando-se o teste nao-parametrico de Mann-Whitney U. A maior proporcao do GOA apresentava OA leve, segundo o Indice de Lequesne. Houvee tendencia do GOA a apresentar maior deficit proprioceptivo comparado ao grupo assintomatico, apesar dessa diferenca nao ter sido estatisticamente significativa (p=0,056 e p=0,134 para 20o. e 40o., respectivamente). Os individuos com OA de joelhos foram mais lentos nos tres testes funcionais (p=0,003, p=0,000 e p=0,000 para velocidade de marcha, subida e dsecida de escadas, respectivamente). Concluimos que os individuos com OA leve de joelhos apresentam deficit funcional e tendencia a reducao da acuidade proprioceptiva em relacao aos idosos saudaveis. A intervencao precoce da fisioterapia ode contribuir para prevenir a progressao dos deficits de propriocepcao que tem impacto negativo sobre o desempenho funcional

Lipid-storage myopathy and respiratory insufficiency due to ETFQO mutations in a patient with late-onset multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency.

We report a patient with lipid-storage myopathy due to multiple acyl-CoA dehydrogenation deficiency (MADD). Molecular genetic analysis showed that she was compound heterozygous for mutations in the gene for electron transfer flavoprotein:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (ETFQO). Despite a good initial response to treatment, she developed respiratory insufficiency at age 14 years and has required long-term overnight ventilation. Thus, MADD is one of the few conditions that can cause a myopathy with weakness of the respiratory muscles out of proportion to the limb muscles.

Avaliacao da qualidade de vida relacionada a saude em idosos com osteoartite de joelhos / Health related quality of life and knee Osteoarthritis

Esta revisao apresenta uma discussao sobre o tema da avaliacao da qualidade de vida relacionada a saude (QVRS) no contexto do envelhecimento humano como uma medida complementar para estudar o impacto das doencas, tanto nas atividades dos individuos quanto em sua participacao social. Sao discutidas as alternativas de avaliacao generica e especifica da qualidade de vida relacionada a saude, apresentando alguns questionarios, suas vantagens, desvantagens e aplicabilidade na pesquisa e na clinica na area de Fisioterapia, em geriatria e gerontologia. Apresentamos uma analise do uso dessa forma de avaliacao como desfecho para ensaios clinicos controlados de exercicios terapeuticos em pacientes idosos com osteoartrite (OA) de joelhos. E, ao final, fazemos uma analise critica de ensaios clinicos controlados e nao controlados, pesquisados na base de dados MEDLINE, que estudaram o impacto de protocolos de exercicios terapeuticos sobre a QVRS de pacientes com OA de joelhos, discutindo sua metodologia e resultados

Revision spine surgery in children with cerebral palsy.

Ten children with neuromuscular scoliosis and pelvic obliquity had revision spinal instrumentations and fusions performed at an average age of 14.7 years. The initial spinal deformity in all children was the result of static encephalopathy with nine children diagnosed as having spastic cerebral palsy without another specific diagnosis and one child diagnosed as also having Noonan syndrome. All 10 children had a revision performed after the first surgery, and two of the 10 children underwent a second revision because of failure of rod cross-links. The indications for revision surgery were symptomatic recurrent deformity, symptomatic pseudoarthrosis, or perforation of one leg of the unit rod through the pelvis. The average time between the first and second surgery was 2.7 years, and from revision to final follow-up was 2.5 years. The goal of providing symptomatic relief and correction of deformity was accomplished in nine of 10 children; however, two of the nine required two revisions. One patient continues to have a residual painful pseudoarthrosis. The two postoperative complications requiring further surgery were related to the failure of rod connectors.