Análise da sustentabilidade de uma intervenção de promoção da saúde no município de Recife, Pernambuco / Sustainability analysis of a health promotion intervention in Recife-PE, Brazil

Resumo Iniciativas de promoção de atividade física têm sido apontadas como relevantes na promoção da saúde. O município de Recife, Pernambuco, idealizou e implantou em 2002 política dessa natureza, denominada Programa Academia da Cidade (PAC). A sustentabilidade de intervenções de promoção da saúde constitui um desafio à manutenção dos seus resultados. Objetivou-se analisar o percurso dos eventos relativos à sustentabilidade do PAC Recife no período de 2002 a 2016. Trata-se de pesquisa avaliativo-qualitativa, tendo como estratégia de estudo o caso único. Para a análise dos dados, empregou-se a análise de conteúdo temática. Recolheram-se dados por meio da técnica do incidente crítico, em 14 entrevistas com informantes-chave e seis grupos focais, em dois períodos: de agosto a dezembro de 2010 e de junho a agosto de 2016, e em documentos oficiais e técnicos. Construiu-se a linha do tempo dos eventos/incidentes críticos relativos à sustentabilidade do programa. Os dados foram analisados conforme as seguintes categorias: eventos de implementação, mistos e de sustentabilidade. Os eventos ficaram classificados de acordo com suas consequências em favoráveis ou desfavoráveis à sustentabilidade. Os resultados indicaram ocorrência de 14 eventos/incidentes críticos, na maior parte com consequências positivas para a continuidade do programa no período estudado.

Abstract Initiatives for promotion of physical activity have been identified as relevant practices in health promotion. The city of Recife-PE, devised and implemented in 2002 a policy called Academia da Cidade Program (ACP). The sustainability of health promotion interventions imposes a challenge to the maintenance of its results. The goal was to analyze the course of events related to the sustainability of the ACP Recife from 2002 to 2016. It is a qualitative evaluative research with a single case study strategy. For data analysis, the thematic content was used. Data was collected using the critical incident technique from 14 interviews with key informants and six focal groups in two periods: from August to December 2010, and June to August 2016; and technical and official documents. A timeline for critical events/incidents related to the program sustainability was created. Data were analyzed according to the following categories: sustainability, mixed and implementation events. Events were classified according to their consequences: favorable or unfavorable to sustainability. The results pointed out to the occurrence of 14 critical events/incidents, most of them with positive consequences to the continuity of the program in the period.

Association between length of residence and overweight among adult immigrants in Portugal: A nationwide cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Despite the importance of immigrant population in Portugal few studies have analyzed the patterns of overweight/obesity in this subpopulation. The aims of this study are: (i) describe and compare the prevalence of overweight between immigrants and natives in Portugal; (ii) analyze the association between length of residence and overweight among adult immigrants in Portugal. METHODS: A cross-sectional study (2005-2006) in a representative sample of the Portuguese population from national territory, including the Autonomous Regions of Azores and Madeira. The final sample comprised 31,685 adult participants (≥19 years old), of whom 4.6% were immigrants. Country of birth was used to determine immigrant condition. Logistic regressions were conducted to investigate the association between overweight (dependent variable) and length of residence (exposure), adjusting for all covariates in the study. A 5% confidence level and 95% CI were considered. RESULTS: The percentage of immigrants that are overweight [44.9% (95% CI: 42.3; 47.5)] was lower than for natives [52.8% (95% CI: 52.2; 53.4)]. The migrant condition, after adjusted for sociodemographic variables, was not associated with overweight [OR 1.004 (95% CI: 0.998; 1.010)]. Among immigrants, being women [OR 0.585 (95% CI: 0.583; 0.587)], not married [OR 0.784 (95% CI: 0.781; 0.787)] and with a higher education [OR 0.481 (95% CI: 0.478; 0.483)], are probably protective factors of being overweight. Adjusting for other factors, the odds of being overweight for a long-term immigrant (≥15 years) was 1.3 times higher [OR 1.274 (95% CI: 1.250; 1.299)] than for the newcomers (<4 years). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of overweight was higher for natives than immigrants. Length of residence (≥15 years) was positively associated with prevalence of overweight, among adult immigrant population. In the future, understanding dietary patterns and acculturation process may be important for health immigrant studies.

[Knowledge of contraceptive methods and STD prevention among immigrant women]. / Conhecimentos sobre o uso de contraceptivos e prevenção de DST: a percepção de mulheres imigrantes.

Sexual and reproductive health is a major public health concern, since it involves individual health and wellbeing and affects the socioeconomic level of societies. Socially underprivileged groups like immigrants may be more exposed to sexual and reproductive health problems. The current study examines key aspects of sexual and reproductive health among Brazilian and African immigrant women in Portugal, particularly contraceptive methods, sexually transmitted diseases, and condom use. Data were collected through focus groups with childbearing-age immigrant women living in Portugal and originally from Brazil or Portuguese-speaking African countries. The results highlight the participants' perceptions and knowledge concerning the respective issues and identify aspects to be considered in order to better meet their sexual and reproductive health needs.

Conhecimentos sobre o uso de contraceptivos e prevenção de DST: a percepção de mulheres imigrantes / Knowledge of contraceptive methods and STD prevention among immigrant women

A saúde sexual e reprodutiva representa uma das principais preocupações da Saúde Pública, pois afeta a saúde e o bem-estar dos indivíduos e compromete o nível social e econômico das sociedades. Muitos problemas relacionados à saúde sexual e reprodutiva são acentuados em grupos socialmente desfavorecidos, como os imigrantes. Esta investigação aprofunda o conhecimento de alguns aspectos sobre a saúde sexual e reprodutiva de imigrantes brasileiras e africanas em Portugal, particularmente em relação ao uso de métodos contraceptivos, infecções sexualmente transmissíveis e uso do preservativo. A coleta de dados se deu a partir da realização de grupos focais com mulheres imigrantes, em idade fértil, residentes em Portugal e provenientes do Brasil ou de Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa. Os resultados permitem compreender as percepções e conhecimentos das participantes em relação às temáticas abordadas e determinar os aspectos a serem levados em conta para melhor atender suas necessidades de saúde sexual e reprodutiva.

Sexual and reproductive health is a major public health concern, since it involves individual health and wellbeing and affects the socioeconomic level of societies. Socially underprivileged groups like immigrants may be more exposed to sexual and reproductive health problems. The current study examines key aspects of sexual and reproductive health among Brazilian and African immigrant women in Portugal, particularly contraceptive methods, sexually transmitted diseases, and condom use. Data were collected through focus groups with childbearing-age immigrant women living in Portugal and originally from Brazil or Portuguese-speaking African countries. The results highlight the participants' perceptions and knowledge concerning the respective issues and identify aspects to be considered in order to better meet their sexual and reproductive health needs.

Drunkenness among young people: a cross-national comparison.

OBJECTIVE: International studies show a rise in drunkenness among young people in recent years. In this study the number of drunkenness occasions among 15-year old students in 22 countries is reported. The cross-national association between drunkenness, on the one hand, and the frequency of alcohol intake and the preference for distilled spirits, on the other, is described. Variation between countries is examined on the basis of national characteristics, including national prevention policies. METHOD: Data on alcohol use were taken from the 1998 World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative, cross-national survey on Health Behaviour of School-Aged Children. The multinational representative sample consisted of 10,951 male and 11,451 female (drinking) students. County characteristics were derived from the WHO Global Alcohol Database. Hierarchical Generalized Linear Model was used to analyze the effects of country characteristics on individual drunkenness. RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence of drunkenness was 57.1% for males and 50.4% for females. The number of drunkenness occasions showed a significant variation in the 22 countries. The correlation between drunkenness and preference for distilled spirits was positive in 21 countries and strong (Spearman's p > 0.40) in some eastern countries. Geographic location turned out to be an important country-level association with drunkenness and its predictors. Southern European countries showed moderate associations, whereas strong associations were found in Scandinavia, the Baltic countries and Russia. CONCLUSIONS: Cultural differences in alcohol use exist, and frequency of alcohol intake and use of spirits influence drunkenness. Despite the potential influence of preventive policy measures on drunkenness, no preventive effect of the measures included in this study was found.