Evidence for the existence of A2AR-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes in the dorsal hippocampus of the rat brain: Potential implications of A2AR and TrkB interplay upon ageing.

Adenosine A2A receptors (A2AR) are crucial in facilitating the BDNF action on synaptic transmission in the rat hippocampus primarily upon ageing. Furthermore, it has been suggested that A2AR-Tropomyosin related kinase B receptor (TrkB) crosstalk has a pivotal role in adenosine A2AR-mediated modulation of the BDNF action on hippocampal plasticity. Considering the impact of the above receptors interplay on what concerns BDNF-induced enhancement of synaptic transmission, gaining a better insight into the mechanisms behind this powerful crosstalk becomes of primary interest. Using in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), the existence of a direct physical interaction between adenosine A2AR and TrkB is demonstrated. The A2AR-TrkB heteroreceptor complexes show a heterogeneous distribution within the rat dorsal hippocampus. High densities of the heteroreceptor complexes were observed in the pyramidal cell layers of CA1-CA3 regions and in the polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus (DG). The stratum radiatum of the CA1-3 regions showed positive PLA signal in contrast to the oriens region. The molecular and granular layers of the DG also lacked significant densities of PLA positive heteroreceptor complexes, but subgranular zone showed some PLA positive cells. Their allosteric receptor-receptor interactions may significantly modulate BDNF signaling impacting on hippocampal plasticity which is impaired upon ageing.

Manejo anestésico para la cesárea en una paciente con síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay. Reporte de un caso / Anesthetic management for cesarean section in a patient with Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome. Report of a case

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome is a rare disease that includes the triad of malformation of vascular capillaries, varicose veins and/or venous malformation and hypertrophy of soft or bony tissues. Its presence during pregnancy poses an anesthetic challenge due to the high obstetric risk due to thromboembolic and/or hemorrhagic phenomena. We present the case of a pregnant woman with the diagnosis of Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome announced for elective cesarean section. Our objective is to expose the anesthetic management carried out and to propose a strategic guide for anesthesiologists.

El síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay es una rara enfermedad que comprende la tríada de malformación de capilares vasculares, venas varicosas y/o malformación venosa e hipertrofia de tejidos blandos u óseos. Su presencia durante la gestación supone un reto anestésico por el alto riesgo obstétrico debido a fenómenos tromboembólicos y/o hemorrágicos. Presentamos el caso de una embarazada con el diagnóstico de síndrome de Klippel-Trenaunay anunciada para cesárea electiva. Nuestro objetivo es exponer el manejo anestésico realizado y proponer una guía estratégica para los anestesiólogo