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1.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 44(4): 141-146, oct.-dic. 2022. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216475

RESUMO

Introduction: Condylar resorption of the temporomandibular joint after orthognathic surgery is a clinical entity with functional and aesthetic consequences for the patient. The determination of the risk of condylar resorption in the presurgical stage remains unclear. This article, descriptive in its nature, sought to determine anatomorphological variations of the temporomandibular joint in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Material and methods: Cone Beam CT scans were analysed in two operative stages, one month before surgery (T0) and three months after (T1). Joint spaces, cortical widths and sites with total resorption were analysed on 58 joints. Results: A statistically significant mean decrease in cortical thickness (p < 0.05) was observed for the different sites in the coronal and sagittal planes. All joint spaces showed reduced thickness in the sagittal plane, statistically significant for the superior and posterior spaces. Conclusions: Sites with a lower cortical width on T0 seemed more susceptible to resorption. The presurgical evaluation of the temporomandibular joint plays a fundamental role in preventing condylar resorption in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. (AU)


Introducción: La reabsorción condilar posterior a la cirugía ortognática es una entidad clínica que afecta a la articulación temporomandibular, con consecuencias funcionales y estéticas para el paciente. En la actualidad, la determinación del riesgo de la reabsorción condilar en la etapa prequirúrgica sigue sin estar clara. Este artículo, de carácter descriptivo, buscó determinar las variaciones anatomorfológicas de la articulación temporomandibular en pacientes sometidos a cirugía ortognática. Materiales y métodos: Se tomaron y analizaron tomografías computarizadas de haz cónico en dos etapas operativas, un mes antes de la cirugía (T0) y tres meses después (T1). Se analizaron los espacios articulares, anchos corticales y sitios con reabsorción total en un total de 58 articulaciones. Resultados: Se observó una disminución media estadísticamente significativa en el grosor cortical (p < 0,05) para los diferentes sitios en los planos coronal y sagital. Todos los espacios articulares mostraron espesor reducido en el plano sagital, estadísticamente significativo para los espacios superior y posterior. Discusión: Los sitios con un ancho cortical más bajo en T0 parecían ser más susceptibles a la reabsorción. La evaluación prequirúrgica de la articulación temporomandibular juega un papel fundamental en la prevención de la reabsorción condilar en pacientes que van a ser sometidos a cirugía ortognática. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reabsorção Óssea , Cirurgia Ortognática , Articulação Temporomandibular/cirurgia , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico
2.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448449

RESUMO

El ameloblastoma es un tumor odontogénico agresivo que se clasifica en uniquístico, extraóseo/periférico y metastatizante. Una mujer de 42 años acudió al Servicio de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial por aumento de volumen hemifacial izquierdo de 6 meses de evolución. Al examen se observó aumento de volumen de la región parotídea y submandibular izquierda, abombamiento tablas óseas mandibulares y movilidad dental. La tomografía axial computarizada reveló una lesión de aspecto quístico en la región mandibular. Se realizó la biopsia incisional y el tratamiento quirúrgico conservador. El diagnóstico histopatológico fue ameloblastoma uniquístico patrón mural. Luego de seis meses de descompresión, se realizó una nueva biopsia incisional, curetaje óseo y se aplicó solución de Carnoy. Once meses posteriores a la primera intervención, se constató radiográficamente aposición ósea de la lesión. El tratamiento de estos ameloblastomas continúa siendo controversial por lo que cada caso se debe abordar de manera única.


Ameloblastoma is an aggressive odontogenic tumor classified as unicystic, extraosseous / peripheral, and metastasizing. A 42-year-old woman was attended at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Service due to a 6-month facial asymmetry. Clinically, we observed a volume increase of the left parotid and submandibular region, bulging of the mandibular bone tables and dental mobility. Computed Tomography revealed a cystic-like lesion in the mandibular region. An incisional biopsy and conservative surgical treatment were performed. The histopathological diagnosis was unicystic ameloblastoma, mural pattern. After six months of decompression, a new incisional biopsy and bone curettage were performed, and Carnoy's solution was applied. Eleven months after the first intervention, bone apposition was observed in the x-ray. The treatment of these ameloblastomas continues to be controversial, so every case should be approached in a unique manner.

3.
Int. j interdiscip. dent. (Print) ; 14(3): 271-273, dic. 2021. ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385232

RESUMO

RESUMEN: La Mucormicosis se describe como una infección fúngica de tipo oportunista y potencialmente mortal, reportándose en la literatura como la tercera en frecuencia, muy por detrás de la Candidiasis y Aspergilosis. Esta infección es causada por hongos de la familia de los Mucorales. Se presenta el caso de un hombre con Diabetes Mellitus II con un control metabólico deficiente, el cual posterior a una exodoncia, presenta una Mucormicosis Maxilar, presentando una etiología atípica y logrando ser confirmada posterior a biopsias y pruebas de cultivo, demostrando elementos del tipo Mucor. Se realizó una Maxilectomía parcial del lado afectado como tratamiento con una evolución favorable. Esta revisión destaca la importancia de la búsqueda activa basada en la semiología y la importancia de los exámenes complementarios, implicando lograr un correcto diagnóstico y pronóstico de la enfermedad.


ABSTRACT: Mucormycosis is described as an opportunistic and life-threatening fungal infection, being reported in the literature as the third in frequency, far behind candidiasis and aspergillosis. This infection is caused by fungi of the Mucorales family. We present the case of a man with Diabetes Mellitus II with poor metabolic control who, after an extraction, presents a Maxillary Mucormycosis, with an atypical etiology and confirmed after biopsies and culture tests, demonstrating elements of the Mucor type. A partial maxillectomy was performed on the affected side as a treatment with a favorable outcome. This review highlights the importance of active search based on semiology and of complementary examinations, implying a correct diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cirurgia Bucal , Controle de Infecções Dentárias , Maxila , Mucormicose
4.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385709

RESUMO

RESUMEN: El Trauma facial como tal constituye un problema de relevancia en los centros hospitalarios de alta complejidad debido a las consecuencias funcionales y estéticas que pueden conllevar. Es por eso la necesidad de un diagnóstico, respuesta asertiva y manejo adecuado de éstos y más en los tiempos de una pandemia como el COVID-19. Se revisaron diferentes protocolos respecto a la categorización y manejo de esta patología tomando en cuenta la situación pandémica que nos afecta. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar y acercar estos protocolos, y así, lograr ser un aporte a los distintos profesionales dedicados a tratamientos del trauma facial a nivel hospitalario respecto a las medidas de seguridad tanto con todo el personal como con los pacientes.


ABSTRACT: Facial trauma constitutes itself a problem of relevance in highly complex hospital centers, due to the functional and aesthetic consequences that it may entail. That is why diagnosis is needed, as an assertive response and proper management of it, mostly in times of a pandemic disease like COVID-19. Different protocols were reviewed, regarding the categorization and management of this pathology, taking into account the pandemic situation that affects us. The objective of this article is to present and bring these protocols closer together, and then, be a contribution to the different professionals dedicated to facial trauma treatments at hospital centers, regarding the safety measures with the staff and also its patients.

5.
J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 76(9): 1937-1945, 2018 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29654775

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To determine the relation between overcorrection of orbital volume and ocular projection in patients with orbital trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was performed of patients with enophthalmos as a side effect of orbital trauma. The sample included patients older than 18 years who required reconstruction using customized implants to treat enophthalmos with or without diplopia. The exclusion criteria were patients who had multiple or extended fractures and patients with amaurosis or a prosthetic eye. Orbital volumes were calculated and the position of the eyeball in the healthy and traumatized sockets was determined before and after installing the implant and the ratio between these variables was calculated. Two variables were identified: 1) orbital volume and 2) enophthalmos. Analysis of the estimator variables was performed, defining 3 groups: 1) healthy eye socket, 2) traumatized eye socket without implant, and 3) traumatized eye socket with implant. The Shapiro-Wilk test, paired t test, and linear regression analysis were performed. A P value less than .05 (95% confidence interval) indicated significant differences. RESULTS: Of 294 patients who underwent orbital zygomatic complex reconstruction surgery, 13 required customized implants and only 5 met the inclusion criteria. The average volumetric variation in the groups of traumatized eye sockets with and without implants was statistically significant (P < .05), overcorrecting by an average of 4.2 cm3. The average enophthalmos variation in the groups of traumatized eye sockets with and without implants was statistically significant (P < .05), projecting the eyeball by an average 1.80 mm. The ratio between the average orbital volume and projection of the eyeball was determined to be 1:0.721 (correlation, 45.6%). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the eyeball is projected 0.7 mm for every 1 cm3 of volume added in customized orbital implants. However, additional clinical studies with larger samples should be conducted.


Assuntos
Enoftalmia/cirurgia , Traumatismos Oculares/cirurgia , Implantes Orbitários , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Implantação de Prótese/métodos , Adulto , Enoftalmia/diagnóstico por imagem , Enoftalmia/etiologia , Traumatismos Oculares/complicações , Traumatismos Oculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Desenho de Prótese , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do Tratamento
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