Features of malaria among patients HIV infected in a Department of Infectious Diseases in Bamako

Introduction. We studied malaria in HIV infected subjects hospitalized in the department of infectious diseases at Point G Teaching Hospital in Mali, with the objective to have current data on malaria in patients infected by HIV. Materials and methods. We conducted a prospective study from October, 1st 2016 to September 30th 2018 in patients seropositive for HIV having positive thick smear for Plasmodium and hospitalized in the department of infectious diseases at Point G Teaching Hospital. We collected sociodemographic, clinical and lab data form those patients. Data have been entered and analyzed using SPSS20.0 software. Results. Hospital frequency of malaria among People living with HIV was 24.4% (151/618). This population has a mean-age of 44.1±12.4 y/o and a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.86. Majority of patients were at WHO stage IV of HIV infection (63.4%). Symptoms were by decreasing frequency: fever (98.3%); headache (86.4%); anorexia (72.9%); asthenia (61.0%) and vomiting (42.4%). the mean parasitemia was 172.9±352.1 trophozoite/mm3 . Mean hemoglobin level was 9.1±3.2 g/dl and the mean CD4 count was 9±3 cell/mm3 . Severe malaria was independent from WHO HIV stage and from immunologic deficiency. The malaria treatment when correctly followed conduct to good improvement of the anemia (p = 0.03) and the negativity of the parasitemia (p = 0.00). Death in our HIV patient is linked to association with severe malaria (p = 0,012). Conclusion. Malaria is relatively common and severe among PLWHA in Mali. Prompt treatment is still effective and must be implemented to ensure a good prognosis. Despite cotrimoxazole chemoprophylaxis, a certain number of PLHIV suffer from malaria, raising the hypothesis of plasmodium resistance to antifolates.

[Mortality and morbidity of tetanus in the infectious diseases department, Point G teaching hospital, in Bamako, Mali (2004-2009)]. / Morbidité et mortalité du tétanos dans le service de maladies infectieuses du CHU du Point G à Bamako, Mali (2004-2009).

Our study objectives were to determine annual cases of the tetanus and to describe its clinical, evolutionary and prognostic aspects. It was a transverse study from data records and medical records of patients aged 15 years and above hospitalized for tetanus in the service of infectious diseases of the Point G CHU from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2009. The tetanus was diagnosed based on clinical (trismus, dysphagia, seizures and point consecutive to an injury) and epidemiological arguments (absence of a correct tetanus immunization, entry way). We collected a total of 119 cases of tetanus out of 1,839 hospitalizations making a prevalence of 6.5%. The hospitalization period was 5 days (73%) for most of the patients. Unskilled laborer and farmers were the most frequent with respectively 30.2 and 21.8% of cases. Tetanus occurred in the course of a traumatic road accident (16%) and from other traumatic causes (48.7%). The clinical form was a generalized type for 94.4% of the cases. A wound was the entry way for 64.7% of the patients. The entry way was located on the lower members 49.6% of the time. The co-morbidity was recorded with infection by Plasmodium falciparum (15 cases, 12.6%) and HIV (1 case). Hospital lethality was 46.2%. The death was statistically linked to clinical severity according to the Dakar score (P = 0.0005) and the Mollaret stage (P = 0.0001). A need for strengthening communication for behaviour change for the gaining of a correct and sustained immunization exists. A strategy based on the capacity building for a rapid tetanus diagnosis and a combined co-morbidities care may reduce the lethality in the context of our limited technical environment.

Les hemopathies malignes de l'enfant : aspects epidemiologiques dans le service d'hematologie oncologie medicale de l'hopital du point G; Bamako; Mali (1996-2003)

Selon les statistiques des pays industrialises; les hemopathies malignes sont les cancers les plus frequents chez l'enfant. L'absence de registres specifiquement consacres a ces pathologies et le deficit d'etudes cliniques expliquent que les aspects epidemiologiques et pronostiques des hemopathies malignes de l'enfant sont mal connus dans les pays en developpement notamment ceux d'Afrique subsaharienne. Pourtant; la maitrise progressive des affections pediatriques autrefois preoccupantes; pourrait engager desormais les pays du Sud dans l'elaboration de programmes specifiques de lutte contre les hemopathies malignes de l'enfant; d'ou la necessite de donnees epidemiologiques locales. Cette etude decrit les particularites epidemiologiques des hemopathies malignes de l'enfant dans un service hospitalier de dernier niveau de reference au Mali. Cin- quante neuf cas d'hemopathies malignes de l'enfant ont ete recrutes de janvier 1996 a decembre 2003 chez 19 filles et 40 garcons. L'analyse des donnees enregistrees retrospectivement sur logiciel Access a ete faite par SPSS 11.0. L'age des enfants variait entre 4 et 15 ans avec une classe modale correspondant a 6-10 ans. Le taux de recrutement annuel etait stable sur les 8 annees considerees avec une moyenne de 7;37 nouveaux cas par an. Les hemopathies malignes predominantes etaient les lymphomes malins (70) notamment le lymphome de Burkitt. La maladie de Hodgkin n'etait pas observee avant 5 ans; mais elle representait 24des hemopathies apres cet age avec une predominance masculine. Cette etude souligne la necessite de la mise en place de strategies permettant une meilleure comprehension des aspects epidemiologiques des hemopathies malignes de l'enfant au Mali et de politiques de prise en charge et de prevention des cas