[Disorders of neurogenesis of cortical and subcortical structures in rat brain limbic system during fetal alcohol syndrome formation].

Disorders of neurogenesis of cortical and subcortical structures in rat brain limbic system were studied in the offspring of rats that received ethanol during pregnancy. The methods used included the staining of histological sections with cresyl violet, in vitro culture, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Prenatal alcohol intoxication was shown to induce the disturbances in proliferative activity of granular layer cells in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, neuron- and glioblast migration, enhancement of free NO and lipoperoxide production and cell death. This resulted in the changes in the number of neurons in cortical and subcortical structures of rat brain limbic system and in fetal alcohol syndrome formation.

[Correction of changes induced by toluene in the cortical and subcortical structures of albino rat brain].

The number and weight of cells in the cortical and subcortical structures of the cerebral and cerebellar motor system in albino rats after a long-term exposure to toluene. Toluene intoxication proved to kill projection neurons and interneurons in the sensorimotor cortex, ventrolateral thalamic nucleus, caudate nucleus, pallidum, red nucleus, and inferior olivary complex. The decreased number of cerebellar cells was mediated by atrophic changes as indicated by the decrease in the area and dry weight of Purkinje cells. The addition of plaferon LB to the diet attenuated the cytotoxic effect of toluene.

[Proliferative activity of the matrix cells in lateral ventricles and granule cells in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in rats after pre- and postnatal alcoholic intoxication]. / Proliferativnaia aktivnost' matrichnykh kletok bokovykh zheludochkov i granuliarnykh kletok zubchatoi izviliny gippokampa krys v usloviiakh pre- i postnatal'noi alkogol'noi intoksikatsii.

The treatment of pregnant and lactating female rats with ethanol inhibits the proliferation of matrix cells in the lateral brain ventricles of fetuses and, during the early postnatal period, of granule cells in the dentate gyrus and cells of the ventral horn of Ammon. A low proliferation rate leads to a decrease in the number of neurons forming the granule layer of the dentate gyrus and pyramidal neurons in the CA-1 field of the horn of Ammon.

[Effects of hypomagnetic fields on motility of the cilia of ependymal cells in vivo]. / Effekty vliianiia gipomagnitnogo polia na dvigatel'nuiu aktivnost' resnitchatogo apparata épendimnykh kletok v usloviiakh tselogo organizma.

The effect of reduced vertical component of geomagnetic field on motor activity of ciliate apparatus of ependymal cells in newborn rats in vivo has been studied. In has been shown that hypomagnetic field causes the inhibitory effect on the activity of ciliate apparatus up to absolute stoppage.

[The effect of hypo- and hypermagnetic fields on the motor activity of the ciliary apparatus of the ependymal cells]. / Izuchenie vliianiia gipo- i gipermagnitnogo polei na dvigatel'nuiu aktivnost' resnitchatogo apparata épendimnykh kletok.

The effect of vertical component of geomagnetic field on ciliate apparatus of ependymal cells in newborn rats in culture has been studied. It has been shown that hypo- and hypermagnetic fields retard the motor activity of ciliary apparatus up to full stoppage with cell swelling.

[Reactive changes in the morphology of the glial cells of the central nervous system in tissue culture]. / Reaktivnye izmeneniia morfologii glial'nykh kletok tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy v kul'ture tkani.

Different types of changes in glial cell reactions in organic and monolayer cultures are described. These changes are shown to reflect the behaviour of glial cells in vivo. A special attention is paid to the role of glial cells in the axon growth, and to their contractile activity and alterations under cytotoxic edema conditions. The establishment of intercellular contacts is shown to provide the general reaction of a group of glial cells.

[Contractile activity and intravital fluctuations in the dry weight of glial cells in monolayer cultures]. / Sokratitel'naia aktivnost' i prizhiznennye kolebaniia sukhogo vesa glial'nykh kletok v odnosloinykh kul'turakh.

Vital fluctuations of cell body sizes and of the amount of cytoplasmic protein were studied in the cultured glial cells obtained after dissociation of nervous tissue. Isolated glial cells restore their ability of contractile activity and unidirectional fluctuations of dry weight. After the glial cells are aggregated they retain contractile activity.

[The use of polymer fibers as a substrate for cultured nerve tissue]. / Ispol'zovanie polimernykh volokon v kachestve substrata pri kul'tivirovanii nervnoi tkani.

A study was made of the reaction of cells to administration of polymeric fibers containing amino acids--phenylalanine and leucine--to the culture of nerve tissue. The data obtained have shown that polymeric fibers are some acceptable substrate for the migration of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and for the growth of nerve cell axons.

Plane reconstruction of the structure of mesencephalic tectum from hen embryos in dissociated culture.

The changes in the glial and nerve cells in dissociated cultures of the hen embryo tectum opticum have been studied. The changes observed were of a dual character. The cells in dissociated culture take part in the formation of aggregates of dense clumps comprising astroblasts. In the process of cultivation contacts are established between such aggregates due to intensive radial growth of glial cell processes. Particular attention has been paid to the changes of another type leading to the plane reconstruction of the structure of tectum opticum on the surface of collagen. Due to the directed growth of neuroblasts an organized network is developed with a pronounced 'lamination' involving the neuroblasts with the vertically oriented bodies. These neuroblasts, as a result of continuous differentiation, form the initial parts of apical and basal dendrites, as well as the collaterals participating in the formation of neural components of neuropil. Plane reconstruction of the structure of tectum opticum may be considered as a manifestation of histogenesis in the conditions of tissue culture.

[Obtaining columns of central nervous system tissue for culture purposes]. / Poluchenie kolonok tkani tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy dlia tselei kul'tivirovaniia.

A method is described for obtaining nerve tissue columns for further cultivation. Under tissue culture conditions, this method has an advantage of preserving, at early steps of cultivation, the cytoarchitectonic of cerebral cortex which makes an easy identification of nerve cells and a determination of their layer-by-layer localization.

[Neural and glial cell aggregation of the chick embryo cerebellum in dissociated cultures]. / Agregatsiia nervnykh i glial'nykh kletok mozzhechka kurinogo émbriona v dissotsiirovannykh kul'turakh.

The processes of aggregation of the nerve and glial cells in the cultures obtained after the chick embryo cerebellum dissociation are considered. Different types of aggregation are noted. The formation of aggregates as rows (layers) consisting of Purkinje cells, small neurons and neuroglial cells is described. Such a type is considered as an example of directed aggregation. An analogy is drawn between the formation of cellular rows in the dissociated cultures and the histogenesis of cerebellum cortex in vivo.

[Effect of strychnine, morphine and serotonin on dry weight dynamics in cultivated glial cells]. / Vliianie strikhnina, morfina i serotonina na dinamiku sukhogo vesa kul'tiviruemykh glial'nykh kletok.

The dry mass of glial cells was studied after their introduction into nutrient media or application of neurotropic drugs (strychnine, morphine and serotonin). Drug concentrations disturbing synchronous fluctuation of dry mass of contracting glial cells were established (0.025 and 0.25% for strichnine and morphine, resp.). Similar changes were induced by a local application of strychnine and serotonin to a confined region of the cell membrane of one of the contracting cells.

[Intercellular contacts and the synchronization of fluctuations in the dry weight of glial cells]. / Mezhkletochnye kontakty i sinkhronizatsiia kolebanii sukhogo vesa glial'nykh kletok

The change of rhythmic dry mass fluctuations of the cultured glial cell due to its exposure to ultra-violet rays (the wave length 280-370 nm) produces similar changes in the contacting non-irradiated cell. The data obtained show that the intercellular contact has an important role in the synchronization of glial cell dry mass fluctuations.