[Hemodynamic Status of Prepubertal and Pubertal Hockey Players].

The hemodynamic status of 11-15-year-old hockey players depending on their age and puberty stage were studied and compared with hemodynamic parameters of the control group. It was found that regular muscle training has a dominant effect on the functional state of cardiovascular system (CVS) in prepuberty and puberty. It was proved that in hockey players a decrease in the heart rate (H R) and an increase in the stroke volume (SV) result in a significant increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) at the age of 11-14 years and a progressive increase in total peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), in contrast to significantly lower values in the control group. The urgent adaptation of CVS to graduated physical activities at the age of 11-13 years leads to an enhancement of vascular spasmodic reactions while SV remains constant. It was found that in adolescent hockey players have consistently high SV and SBP; at the same time, maximal values of HR, cardiac output (CO) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were observed at the stages I and II of the puberty period; then, at the stage III, these parameters decrease. I n the control group, hymodinamic status changed in an opposite way. This may be an evidence of the stress effect of physical activities which results in the adaptive reactions of CVS rather than reactions typical of the puberty period.

Reaction of the adrenal cortex to graded exercise in children with different initial tonus of the autonomic nervous system.

It was found that the response of the adrenal cortex to graded bicycle exercise in children depends on the initial autonomic tonus and is adequate to the background excretion level of hormone metabolites. Seven-year-old sympathotonic girls with increased excretion of 17-hydroxycorticosteroids at rest demonstrated the lowest increase in this parameter after exercise in comparison with more pronounced increment in vagotonics with relative low initial level of glucocorticoid metabolites. Enhanced excretion of glucocorticoid metabolites with a decrease in androgens observed in 9-year-old sympathotonic girls attests to predominance of catabolic processes over anabolic ones and low efficiency of switching from muscle exercise to recovery in children.