Primary testicular teratoid Wilms tumor in a 40-year-old male with retroperitoneal lymph node involvement: A case report.

We report a 40-year-old male presenting with right testicular pain. Following right orchiectomy demonstrating pT1bS0N0M0 teratoma with extensive necrosis, the patient opted for surveillance. With new retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, the patient underwent a robotic-assisted laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node. After final pathology demonstrated extensive necrosis, the initial orchiectomy specimen was re-reviewed which revealed 60/40 ratio of non-seminomatous teratoma to nephroblastoma. Adult presentation of testicular nephroblastoma is exceedingly rare and such reports contribute to the understanding of adult teratoid Wilms tumor pathogenesis. This case emphasizes the need for comprehensive diagnostic approaches and further research into the pathophysiology of extrarenal teratoid Wilms tumors.

New Advancements in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis.

INTRODUCTION: Inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) technology is a mainstay in the treatment of erectile dysfunction refractory to medical management. Technological advancements in the design of 3-piece IPPs have been improved to optimize concealability and surgical placement since the 1980s. Recent advancements over the past 10 years include pump, reservoir, tubing, and cylinder updates. OBJECTIVES: This review examines the latest updates in IPP technology, reviews recent relevant research, and is based on over 32 years of experience performing IPP surgery in addition to concurrent postoperative management. METHODS: A literature review was conducted for studies published over the last 10 years through March 2020 with an emphasis on technical updates of IPP, specifically the pump, reservoir, tubing, and cylinder, and their functional outcomes. Anti-infective coating and transgender innovations, in addition to postoperative management, are also reviewed. RESULTS: Technological advancements include a flat reservoir designed for improved discreteness and a prosthesis with optimized tubing length, a one-touch deflatable 3-piece system, narrow-base cylinders, a 0° angle design between the cylinders and tubing to aid in cylinder placement, a soft molding cylinder tip redesign that better mimics human anatomy, and a 3-piece IPP specifically designed for neophallus use. Furthermore, the Food and Drug Administration approved the submuscular reservoir placement. CONCLUSION: Penile prosthesis has evolved over time to improve functional outcomes, ease of use, and minimize postoperative complications and pain. Penile prosthesis implantation continues to be a life-changing procedure for patients and it is imperative for surgeons to be up-to-date on the latest developments and research in order to provide the best functional outcomes for those they take care of. Dinerman BF, Telis L, Eid JF. New Advancements in Inflatable Penile Prosthesis. Sex Med Rev 2021;9:507-514.

Inflatable penile prosthesis malfunction after prostatic urethral lift.

We report a case of malfunction of an inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) after prostatic urethral lift (PUL) necessitating surgical intervention. A 70 year-old male underwent PUL for benign prostatic hyperplasia after IPP implant for organic erectile dysfunction. After PUL, the patient experienced IPP malfunction where he underwent subsequent IPP removal and replacement. A pinhole defect was noted in the reservoir upon removal attributable to PUL. Performing PUL before IPP implantation should be considered in light of potential iatrogenic PUL needle deployment injury.

Increased resource use in men with metastatic prostate cancer does not result in improved survival or quality of care at the end of life.

BACKGROUND: Cancer care and end-of-life (EOL) care contribute substantially to health care expenditures. Outside of clinical trials, to our knowledge there exists no standardized protocol to monitor disease progression in men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). The objective of the current study was to evaluate the factors and outcomes associated with increased imaging and serum prostate-specific antigen use in men with mPCa. METHODS: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare data from 2004 to 2012, the authors identified men diagnosed with mPCa with at least 6 months of follow-up. Extreme users were classified as those who had either received prostate-specific antigen testing greater than once per month, or who underwent cross-sectional imaging or bone scan more frequently than every 2 months over a 6-month period. Associations between extreme use and survival outcomes, costs, and quality of care at EOL, as measured by timing of hospice referral, frequency of emergency department visits, length of stay, and intensive care unit or hospital admissions, were examined. RESULTS: Overall, a total of 3026 men with mPCa were identified, 791 of whom (26%) were defined as extreme users. Extreme users were more commonly young, white/non-Hispanic, married, higher earning, and more educated (P<.001, respectively). Extreme use was not associated with improved quality of care at EOL. Yearly health care costs after diagnosis were 36.4% higher among extreme users (95% confidence interval, 27.4%-45.3%; P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Increased monitoring among men with mPCa significantly increases health care costs, without a definitive improvement in survival nor quality of care at EOL noted. Monitoring for disease progression outside of clinical trials should be reserved for those in whom findings will change management. Cancer 2018;124:2212-9. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

Population-based study of the incidence and survival for intraductal carcinoma of the prostate.

PURPOSE: The degree to which intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P) affects clinical course remains poorly understood owing to small sample sizes from single-center studies. We sought to determine prognostic factors and outcomes associated with IDC-P in radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study of RP during 2004 to 2013 using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results to compare IDC-P with non-IDC-P. The effect of IDC-P on overall and disease-specific survival was assessed using Cox regression with a median follow-up of 4.8 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 2.6-7.0y; P = 0.01). Median prostate-specific antigen at diagnosis in IDC-P vs. non-IDC-P was similar (P = 0.23) at 6.2 (IQR: 4.6-13.0) vs. 6.1ng/ml (IQR: 4.6-9.8). RESULTS: We identified 159,777 RP from 2004 to 2013, and 242 (0.002%) had IDC-P pathologic features. IDC-P was associated with a greater likelihood of extraprostatic stage, pT3/T4, 45.9% vs. 21.6% (P<0.001), higher grade, GS≥ 7, 79.3% vs. 62.7% (P<0.001), lymph node metastases, 5.8% vs. 2.4% (P<0.001), and positive surgical margins, 25.6% vs. 19.5% (P = 0.02). IDC-P was associated with a 3-fold increase in prostate cancer-specific mortality relative to non-IDC-P (hazard ratio = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.5-5.7; P<0.01). Limitations include retrospective design and potential underreporting of IDC-P that leads to underestimation of the true effect size. CONCLUSIONS: The significance of IDC-P features has been recently recognized by the World Health Organization and it is associated with high-grade, extraprostatic features, and worse prostate cancer-specific mortality. Understanding its prognostic significance better guides adjuvant therapies and clinical trials.

Robotic-Assisted Abdomino-perineal Vesicourethral Anastomotic Reconstruction for 4.5 Centimeter Post-prostatectomy Stricture.

We report surgical management of a disrupted radical prostatectomy vesicourethral anastomosis after bleeding from undiagnosed hemophilia that required re-exploration, pudendal artery embolization, and urinary diversion with nephrostomy and surgical drains. After referral, the 4.5 cm vesicourethral anastomotic defect was reconstructed with a robotic-assisted abdomino-perineal approach. Intra-abdominal robotic-assisted mobilization of the bladder and perineal mobilization of the urethra permitted a tension-free vesicourethral anastomosis while avoiding a pubectomy. Side docking of the Da Vinci Xi robot allows for simultaneous access to the perineum during pelvic minimally invasive surgery, enabling a novel approach to complex bladder neck reconstruction.

Intraductal Carcinoma of the Prostate: A Risk for Rapid Recurrence.

Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC-P), recently defined by the World Health Organization in 2016, is a distinct histologic entity associated with an aggressive clinical course, including increased risk of biochemical recurrence, metastasis, and mortality. Differential diagnosis includes intraductal spread of urothelial carcinoma, prostatic ductal carcinoma, and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. BRCA mutations are associated with an increased risk of IDC-P. The presence of IDC-P on initial biopsy or radical prostatectomy should trigger aggressive treatment and should be considered a contraindication to active surveillance, regardless of tumor volume.