Intrapericardial rupture of a mitral subannular aneurysm: A case report and review of the literature.

Mitral subannular aneurysm is a rare heart disease that can have many different forms of clinical presentations. It was first described in young men of African descent and was later reported in other geographical areas of the world. The etiopathogenesis as per data from the literature can be congenital, acquired or idiopathic. We report the case of a 19-year-old male in whom we made the diagnosis of mitral subannular aneurysm. The evolution was fatal following a rupture of the aneurysm into the pericardium. Through this case report, we stress the importance of echocardiography in the diagnosis of this condition. In resource-limited countries, the prognosis is unfortunately often unfavorable especially the ruptured forms. Therefore, a high degree of suspicion is needed to make a prompt diagnosis and timely surgical intervention.

[Role of thrombolysis in massive pulmonary embolism]. / Place de la thrombolyse dans l'embolie pulmonaire grave.

AIMS: Massive pulmonary embolism is a life threatening pathology with a high mortality over 20%. Thrombolysis is one of therapy ways that leads to a lower rate of death. The aim of the study is to show interest, limits and complications of thrombolytic therapy in massive pulmonary embolism. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This descriptive study presents 8 cases of pulmonary embolism admitted to the Cardiology Division of Grand-Yoff from March 2003 to March 2006. All cases confirmed by Tomodensitometry (TDM) with massive pulmonary embolism were included in this study. RESULTS: We used thrombolytic only in 8 cases of massive pulmonary embolism about 32. In-hospital prevalence was 25%. The average age was 49.8 ± 19.1 (from 15 to 72) and sex-ratio 0.33. Seven patients had a moderate clinical probability Well's score and one of them 1 had a high clinical probability. The clinical signs were: cardio-vascular collapse (7 cases), syncope (1) and cardio-vascular arrest. The electrocardiogram showed a sub-epicardial ischemia (4 cases), a right bundle branch block and a Mac Ginn White's sign. Two patients had a right-basal opacification at the chest X ray. The echocardiography found 5 cases of right ventricular dilatation, 1 case of paradoxal septum, 1 case of multiple thrombi in the right ventricule. The TDM confirmed diagnosis with 3 cases of bilateral pulmonary embolism, 1 case of pulmonary aneurysm. The treatment used thrombolytic : 1,500,000 IU of streptokinase, sympathomimetic drugs, anticoagulation with heparins and vitamin K antagonists.

Place de la thrombolyse dans l'embolie pulmonaire grave

But : l'embolie pulmonaire grave est une pathologie grevée d'une lourde mortalité supérieure à 20%.La thrombolyse fait parti des moyens thérapeutiques qui permettent de réduire cette mortalité. L'objectif de ce travail était de déterminer l'intérêt, les limites et les complications de la thrombolyse dans l'embolie pulmonaire grave. Malades et Méthode : il s'agit d'une étude descriptive portant sur huit cas d'embolie pulmonaire grave admis au Service de Cardiologie de l'Hôpital Général de Grand Yoff de Mars 2003 à Mars 2006. Toutes les embolies pulmonaires graves, confirmées à l'angio-scanner thoracique et ayant bénéficiées d'une thrombolyse, étaient incluses. Résultats : huit cas d'embolie pulmonaire grave étaient sur 32 embolies pulmonaires reçues durant cette période, soit une prévalence hospitalière de 25%. L'âge moyen était de 49,9 ± 19,1 ans (extrêmes de 15 et 72 ans) avec une prédominance féminine (sex-ratio de 0,33). Sept patients avaient un score de probabilité clinique de Wells d'embolie pulmonaire moyenne et un malade avait une probabilité clinique forte. Les signes de gravité étaient le collapsus cardio-vasculaire (7 cas), la syncope et l'arrêt cardiaque respectivement dans 1 cas. L'électrocardiogramme inscrivait 4 cas d'ischémie sous épicardique, un bloc de branche droit et un signe de Mac Ginn White (aspect S1Q3T3) respectivement dans 3 cas. Deux patients présentaient une opacité basale droite à la radiographie thoracique de face. L'échocardiographie Doppler notait une dilatation du ventricule droit (5 cas), un septum paradoxal et des thrombi multiples dans le ventricule droit respectivement dans 1 cas.L'angio-scanner thoracique mettait en évidence une embolie massive constante avec dans trois cas une embolie bilatérale et dans un cas un anévrysme des artères pulmonaires. Nos patients avaient bénéficié d'une thrombolyse à la Stréptokinase en plus d'une expansion volumique, d'amines sympathomimétiques et d'une anticoagulation

[Systemic vasculitis: study of 27 cases in Senegal]. / Vascularites systémiques: 27 observations au Sénégal.

Studies on vasculitis in black Africa are rare. The purpose of this report is to describe a retrospective study of systemic vasculitis managed in the internal medicine, ORL and cardiolology departments of the Aristide le Dantec University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal from 1995 to 2007. A series of 27 cases involving 7 men and 20 women with a mean age of 49 years was compiled. Primary vasculitis included Horton disease in 3 cases, Wegener disease in 2, Takayasu disease in 1, and Buerger disease in 1. Secondary vasculitis included mixed cryoglobulinemia with Gougerot Sjögren syndrome in 7 cases, primary Goujeröt syndrome in 4, rheumatoid arthritis in 3, nodosa periarteritis with hepatitis B in 2, SHARP syndrome in 1, and polymyositis in 1. The remaining two cases involved abdominal periaortitis including one associated with retrosperitoneal fibrosis and tuberculosis and the other with spondylarthropathy. Corticotherapy in combination with anticoagulants, immunosuppressive therapy, and surgery, when necessary, allowed effective management in 24 cases. The findings of this study show that systemic vasculitis can have numerous etiologies and indicate that secondary forms are the most common. Appropriate care modalities are needed to prevent severe outcome in Senegalese hospitals.

[Evolution and thromboembolic complications of the idiopathic peripartal cardiomyopathy at Dakar University Hospital: forward-looking study about 33 cases]. / Évolution et complications thromboemboliques de la myocardiopathie idiopathique du péripartum au CHU de Dakar: étude prospective à propos de 33 cas.

UNLABELLED: The aims of this work are to study the nursery futures during idiopathic myocardiopathy of peripartum (IMPP), to measure the prevalence of thromboses and spontaneous contrast during the IMPP and to determine their evolution. METHODOLOGY: It is about a longitudinal exploratory study carried out with the Aristide-Le-Dantec teaching hospital of Dakar, beginning January 2001 to November 2004, having included 33 patients. RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 26 years; the average pregnancy was of 3.39 gestures. The signs of cardiac insufficiency were constant and four patients (12%) had presented an ischemic cerebral vascular accident. We had raised an auricular case of fibrillation and tachycardia atrial multifocal. The transthoracic echography (ETT) noted an aspect of hypokinetic myocardiopathy dilated with deterioration of the systolic function of the left ventricle, a thrombus in ten patients (30.3%) and a spontaneous contrast in two cases (6%). The transoesophageal echocardiography (ETO) was superposable with the ETT with regard to dimensions of the cardiac cavities and the presence of thrombus but its sensitivity was higher (100% against 66%) with regard to the detection of contrasts spontaneous. All the patients had the treatment of a congestive heart failure associated to an anticoagulant treatment. The evolution was marked by an improvement of the heart failure. The thrombus and spontaneous contrast had disappeared in all the patients. The absence of anaemia and the presence of spontaneous contrast (p=0.003) were correlated with the presence of thrombosis (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: The idiopathic myocardiopathy of the peripartum is a relatively frequent affection in zone Soudano-Sahelian. Occurrence of thromboses is frequent at the time of this affection. Our study confirms the superiority of the echocardiography transoesophageal in the detection of intracardiac spontaneous contrast. The evolution can be favourable subject to a rigorous care and a regular surveillance.

[Mitral valve repair for rheumatic valve disease in children in Senegal: a review of 100 cases]. / La plastie mitrale sur valve rhumatismale chez l'enfant au Sénégal: 100 observations.

Mitral valve repair is a better therapeutic alternative than valve replacement for rheumatic valve disease in children. Repair procedures are especially well suited to developing countries where heart prostheses and life-long anti-coagulation therapy are largely unaffordable. The purpose of this study was to evaluate medium-term outcome of mitral valve repair in children in Senegal. A retrospective review was conducted in a cohort of 100 patients who underwent mitral valve repair for rheumatic mitral lesions over the 8-year period from 1999 to 2007. Mean age was 12 +/- 5 years (range, 7 to 17 years). The most common symptom of valve disease was dysypnea (stage IV in 26 cases and stage III in 74). Valve lesions were complex with anterior leaflet prolapse in 62 cases, posterior leaflet restriction in 35, commissural fusion in 30, and fusion of chordaes in 54. Repair procedures consisted of transfer and shortening of chordaes in 73 cases in association with commissurotomy in 22 cases and cleft closure in 17. Ring annuloplasty was performed in 84 patients. Hospital mortality was 2%. Postoperative morbidity was characterized by residual mitral regurgitation in four cases. Mean follow-up was 5 years. No late deaths were observed. Outcome was satisfactory in 84 patients with low-grade mitral regurgitation (grade I-II). Reduction of left ventricle diameter was statistically significant during systole and diastole, i.e., from 29.5 +/- 6.2 mm to 33.1 +/- 5.3 mm (p<0.05) and from 47.1 +/- 8.6 mm to 50.5 +/- 9.4 mm (p<0.05) respectively. Improvement in cardiac function was not significant, i.e., from 63.3 +/- 4.8% to 62 +/- 6.4% (p = 0.99). Mitral valve repair was successful in stabilizing myocardial function and remodeling the left ventricle. Outcome is dependent on careful patient selection and evaluation of lesions. Middle-term outcome is encouraging.

Anesthésie­Réanimation dans la cure complète des cardiopathies congénitales au Sénégal au CHNU de fann

Le but de ce travail etait d'evaluer la prise en charge peri operatoire des cardiopathies congenitales au service de chirurgie thoracique et cardiovasculaire de Fann. Dans cette etude retrospective; 19 patients ont ete colliges sur un an (juin 2006 a juin2007). La tetralogie de Fallot etait la cardiopathie congenitale la plus frequente suivie des communications inter ventriculaires. Le temps moyen de circulation extracorporelle etait de 114 minutes et celui du clampage aortique de 49;78 minutes. Les complications post operatoires etaient metaboliques (7 cas); hemorragiques (5 cas) et infectieuses (2 cas). La mortalite etait de 10;5. La cure chirurgicale permet le retablissement de la physiologie normale et garantit une guerison complete

La plastie mitrale sur valve rhumatismale chez l'enfant au Senegal : 100 observations

La chirurgie mitrale reconstructrice est une alternative de choix au remplacement valvulaire chez l'enfant. Cette chirurgie est adaptee aux pays en voie de developpement ou le cout des protheses cardiaques associees ou non a l'anti coagulation a vie est exorbitant. Le but de cette etude est d'evaluer les resultats a court et amoyen terme de la plastiemitrale chez l'enfant au Senegal. Il s'agit d'une etude retrospective sur 8 ans (1999-2007); concernant 100 patients porteurs d'atteintes valvulaires rhumatismales. L'age moyen etait de 12 +/- 5 ans (7-17 ans). La symptomatologie etait dominee par la dyspnee. Les lesions valvulaires etaient complexes; la fonction myocardique des patients etait conservee et le ventricule gauche dilate. Des gestes (transfert et raccourcissement) etaient effectues sur les cordages (73) completes par des commissurotomies (22) et des fermetures de fentes (17).Une annuloplastie etait realisee chez 84 malades. La mortalite hospitaliere etait de 2. La morbidite post operatoire etait caracterisee par 4 plasties fuyantes. Pour un suivi moyen de 5 ans; il n'y avait pas de mortalite tardive. Les resultats etaient satisfaisants avec 84 patients presentant des fuitesminimes oumoderees. La reduction du diametre du ventricule gauche etait statistiquement significative en systole (29;5+/-6;2 mm vs 33;1+/- 5;3 mm; p 0;05) et en diastole (47;1+/-8;6 mm vs 50;5+/-9;4 mm; p 0;05).Ainsi; la plastie mitrale permet une stabilisation de la fonction myocardique et un remodelage significatif du ventricule gauche; au prix d'une faible morbi mortalite post operatoire. Une analyse lesionnelle precise est determinante. Les resultats a moyen terme sont encourageants

[Pulmonary embolism: autopsy study of 73 cases in Senegal]. / L'embolie pulmonaire: étude nécropsique à propos de 73 cas.

INTRODUCTION: The Pulmonary emblism is a vascular disease which is characterized by the more or less complete obstruction of one or several pulmonary arteritis and/or their branches by an embol. Very polymorphic affection, mortal in the massiv form, it has in the average forms of the atypical or misleading aspects which make its clinical diagnosis difficult. The diagnostic strategy of the pulmonary embolism remains incompletely solved. The objectives of this work are: --to evaluate the prevalence with the autopsy of the pulmonary embolism and its distribution according to the age, --to appreciate the correlation enters the ante and the post-mortems diagnoses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: It is about a retrospective study, over 10 years period, having inclued the files of all the patients died in the various services of medicine or surgery of the university hospital of Aristide Le Dantec but also those transferred from outside of the hospital and at which the pulmonary diagnosis post-mortem of embolism was retained. RESULTS: Sixty thirteen (73) cases of pulmonary embolism had been found during autopsies during the period of study (10 ans), that is to say a prevalence of 1.9%. The average was 35 years. The most representative age bracket was that ranging beetwin 21 and 30 years is 36% of the studied population. On the 73 indexed patients, 30 (41%) were transferred from outside of the hospital and 43 (59%) came from the servicies of medecine and surgery with a prevalance of the service of cardiology (26%). The correlation beetween ante-mortems diagnosis and the anatomical result was 11% for the whole of the patients incleded in the study. However, it was 42% for the sub-grup of patients comming from the service of cardiology. CONCLUSION: The prevalence with the autopsy of pulmonary embolism is weak. The clinical diagnosis of this affection is difficult even in a specilised service with a high rate of negatif forgeries. This pathology is very under- evaluated even in these services.

[Primary arterial pulmonary hypertension and sildenafil: a case report from Dakar]. / Hypertension artérielle pulmonaire primitive et sildénafil: a propos d'un cas a Dakar.

INTRODUCTION: We report our experience of using sildenafil in treatment on primary arterial pulmonary hypertension. PATIENT: This case concern a 38 years old senegalese woman. She was hospitalised for global cardiac failure with right signs predominance and grade IV dyspnea related to pulmonary hypertension. RESULTS: No evident cause of the pulmonary hypertension had been found after explorations. Adding sildénafil to her symptomatic treatment provided fast favourable evolution quantified by clinical test and Doppler-ultrasound heart examination. However the patient died three month later by cerebral hemorrhage due to overdose of antivitamine K. CONCLUSION: We suggest using sildenafil in the treatment of primary arterial pulmonary hypertension on the way going to cardio-pulmonary transplantation.

[Active rheumatic heart disease: findings from an 17-case series in the University Hospital Center of Dakar, Senegal]. / Cardiopathies rhumatismales evolutives a propos de 17 cas colligés au CHU de Dakar.

This report is based on retrospective review of the charts of 18 patients with pre-existing active rheumatic heart disease compiled over a period of two years (January 2000 to December 2001). The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of acute degenerative joint disease, to describe the clinical features and natural course of the disease, and to highlight the main points in the fight against degenerative joint disease and rheumatic heart disease. The prevalence of active rheumatic disease was 3.7%. Mean patient age was 15.5 years (range: 8 to 25 years). Female sex was predominant with 13 girls and 4 boys (sex ratio: 3.25). The most common clinical symptoms were migratory polyarthritis involving large joints in 14 cases (82.3%) and left heart insufficiency in 13 (76.4%). Additional clinical findings included oscillating fever in 8 cases (47.05%), tooth decay in 11 (73.3%), and poor buccodental hygiene in 14 (93.3%). Blood tests to evaluate inflammation demonstrated high values in all patients with mean ASLO titer of 950 UI/l, mean serum fibrin level of 7.8 g/l, and mean C-reactive protein level of 28.5 mg/l. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was high in 15 cases (88.2%). In addition to showing heart valve disease, electrocardiography demonstrated first-degree atrioventricular block in 1 case. Chest x-ray revealed cardiomegaly in 15 cases (88.2%). Doppler ultrasonography of the heart showed isolated rheumatoid disease in 11 cases (64.7%). All patients responded favourably to treatment with corticosteroids and penicillin. The incidence of recurrence of active disease was high (70.5%) thus supporting use of high loading doses. Rheumatic heart disease is a public health problem in Africa and requires appropriate preventive measures.

[Electrocardiographic recording of long duration (Holter) of 24 hours during idiopathic cardiomyopathy of the peripartum]. / Enregistrement électrocardiographique de longue durée (holter) des 24 heures au cours de la cardiomyopathie idiopathique du péripartum.

The idiopathic myocardiopathy of the peripartum (IMPP) is a frequent disease in the Soudano-Sahelian zone of Africa whose evolution is loaded with many complications hemodynamic, thrombo-embolic and rhythmic. The prevalence and the meaning of the rhythm disorders are unknown. The aims of this prospective study are to measure and to describe the prevalence of the anomalies observed in Holter ECG of 24 hours. It's about a description cross-sectional study realized at the Cardiology Department (CHU Dakar) and 19 patients with IMPP were included, from October 2000 to July 2002. A recording ECG of 24 hours (Holter) was realized on all the patients. The average age was 29.4+/-6.9 years with a low socio-economic level (100%). The diagnosis of IMPP done before childbirth in 4 cases (21%) and the post partum on 15 patients (78.9%). The dyspnea was constant, the chest pain in 12 cases (63.1%) and palpitations in 8 cases (42%). The average rate of hemoglobin was of 10.85+/-2.05 g/dL. The standard electrocardiogram recorded a sinusal tachycardia (68.4%), a cavitary hypertrophy (78.8%), and disorders of the repolarization (47.3%). The cardiac echo-Doppler noted a cavitary dilatation (84.2%), a constant alteration of the left ventricular systolic function with a fraction of average ejection of 29.7+/-10.3%. The anatomy of the valves was normal. The recording Holter ECG of 24 hours recorded a sinusal tachycardia in 17 cases (89.4%), ventricular extrasystoles on 7 patients (36.8%), 4 cases of ventricular tachycardia non-sustained and double ventricular extrasystole on 1 patient, auricular extrasystoles in 4 cases (21%) and 1 case of auriculo-ventricular block of the first degree. The study of heart rate variability founded a mean value of 106 ms.

[Spiral CT in aortic dissection]. / Place de l'angioscanner dans le diagnostic de la dissection aortique.

Patients with suspected dissection of the thoracic aorta require immediate diagnostic evaluation so that urgent therapeutic interventions can begin. Two women with suspected aortic dissection and one man with abdominal aortic aneurysm underwent color-flow Doppler echocardiography and CT angiography with multiplanar reconstructions. Spiral CT showed ascending aortic dissection (type A Stanford) in two cases and descending aortic dissection (type B Stanford) in one case. It also access the visualization of the intimal flap, the extent of dissection, the size of the aorta, and the presence of pericardial fluid. CT angiography is an accurate diagnostic procedure for patients with suspected aortic dissection and possesses several advantages over other modalities such as transthoracic echocardiography, transesophageal echocardiography and aortography.

[Tricuspid valve stenosis. A prospective study of 35 cases]. / La sténose de la valve tricuspide: a propos de 35 cas.

Authors report the results of prospective and longitudinal study. The aims of this study were to evaluate among 35 patients, prevalence, diagnosis and treatment aspects of tricuspid stenosis (TS), as well as evolution and pronostical factors. The prevalence of TS was about 4.2%. The main clinical signs were: dyspnoea (94.2%), jugular veinus pulses (42.8%), superior cave syndrom (68.8%), diastolic rumble (74.3%). ECG showed sinus rhythm (51.4%), a right atrial hypertrophy (48.5%). Echocardiography showed tricuspid leaflets thickened (82.8%), a right atrial hypertrophy (48.5%), a mean gradient between right atrial and right ventricle: 8.6 +/- 3.14 mmHg (65.7%) and mean tricuspid area about 1.41 +/- 0.83 cm2 (continuous equation); about 1.74 +/- 1.29 cm2 (Hatle formula) and 1.11 0.84 cm2 (simplified Hatle formula). Aetiology was only rheumatic fever. After a follow-up of 8.53 +/- 6.06 months, the mortality rate was 28.5%. Complications were irreducible heart failure (24 cases), liver failure (2 cases) and stroke (3 cases). Factors associated with mortality were: severity of tricuspid stenosis and pulmonary hypertension, importance of dyspnea and heart failure (p < 0.041).

Place de l'angioscanner dans le diagnostic de la dissection aortique

La dissection aigue de l'aorte thoracique est une urgence thérapeutique. L'imagerie doit rapidement poser le diagnostic et faire le bilan d'extension. Le but de ce travail est de montrer l'intérêt de l'angioscanner dans le diagnostic de DA à parti de 3 observations. Deux femmes de 40, 43 ans adressées pour dissection aortique thoracique et 1 homme de 60 ans pour anévrysme aorte abdominale ont bénéficié d'une échographie cardiaque et d'un angio-scanner de l'aorte thoraco-abdominale suivi de reconstructions multiplans. La TMD a permis de montrer une dissection de l'aorte ascendante dans 2 cas (stade A de Stanford) et de l'aorte abdominale dans 1 cas (stade B de Stanford) L'angioscanner a visualisé la membrane intimale décollée, précisé l'extension de la dissection, chiffré l'ectasie aortique dans les 3 cas et a monté des signes de gravité à type d'épanchement péricardique. L'angioscanner constitut une alternative fiable dans le diagnostic de DA. Elle est plus sensible que l'échographie transthoracique, moins opérateur dépendant que l'échographie transoesophagienne et plus facile à réaliser qu'une aortographie

[The athlete's heart: an echocardiographic case-control study on Senegalese athletes]. / Coeur du sportif: étude échocardiographique cas-témoins portant sur des sportifs sénégalais.

The aim of this work is to study the echocardiographic parameters of male trained athletes. It is about a case-control study comparing 3 groups: basketball players, cyclists and not sports healthy subjects. All the subjects benefited from an echocardiography (time motion, two-dimensional and pulse Doppler). The mean age is of 23.5 years for the cyclists group, 24 years for the basketball players and of 26.2 years for the control group. Compared with the control group, the left ventricular telediastolic dimensions, left ventricular mass index and the pulmonary flow velocity are higher in athletes group. The basketball players have a higher left ventricular diameter and parameter of systolic function than cyclists group. The septal diameter is higher in the cyclists group. This study finds some differencies in Senegalese athletes in the characteristics of the standard athletic heart syndrome.

[Left atrial myxoma. Report of 2 cases operated in Senegal]. / Myxome de l'oreillette gauche: a propos de deux cas operes au Senegal.

Cardiac tumours are rare and are dominated by left atrial myxoma. The authors report 2 cases of left atrial myxoma operated in the Cardiology department of Dakar (Senegal). Clinical signs were heart failure, cardiac sounds mimicking mitral valve disease and alteration of general state. The electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm in 1 case and atrial flutter in the second case. The chest-x-ray show cardiac enlargement. Diagnosis was suggested by echocardiography and confirmed by anatomy. Evolution was favourable in one case and the other patient died.

[Role of transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. Report of 5 cases]. / Apport de l'echocardiographie transoesophagienne dans le diagnostic de la dissection de l'aorte. A propos de 5 observations sénégalaises.

Aortic dissection is medical and surgical emergency. About 5 cases, the authors emphasized the role of transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of aortic dissection. For all patients we realized a clinical examination, electrocardiogram, chest X ray, thoracic and transesophageal echocardiography and laboratory studies. Echocardiography were performed by an apparatus Hewlett Packard sonos 1000 with colour doppler and multiplanar transesophageal. Transesophageal echocardiography made the diagnosis by showing dilatation of aorta, intimal flap, false channel; this exam also allow to classify the aortic dissection.

[Subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm. Report of 2 cases]. / Anévrisme sous annulaire du ventricule gauche. A propos de deux cas.

The authors report both Senegalese's cases of subvalvular left ventricular aneurysm (SVLVA). The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and paraclinical aspects of this disease. Mitral regurgitation an heart failure were constant. Beyond cardiomegaly observed in both patients, one of them presented vaulting of the left ventricle. In the two cases, electrocardisgram showed sinus rhythm, and biology an inflammatory syndrome. One patient had also tuberculosis. Transthoracic echocardiography showed an aneurysm situated in a mitral subvalvular position, thrombosed in one case. Medical treatment with furosemid and digoxin has been administrated. One patient received also drugs against tuberculosis. Surgery of aneurysm had not been possible. During the evolution, we have observed persistence of heart failure in one patient. The other one died, probably after a cerebral embolism. Autopsy confirmed the echocardiographic aspects and integrity of myocardium and coronary arteries.

[Post myocardial infarction septal rupture. Report of 2 cases]. / Rupture septale post-infarctus du myocarde. A propos de deux cas.

The authors report 2 cases of post myocardial infarction septal-rupture. There were one woman and one man aged respectively of 52 and 69 years. Risk factors were diabetes associated in one case with hypertension, and in the other case with tobacco addict. Both patients presented a ventricular septal defect murmur, and cardiac failure. Myocardial infarction (MI) was inaugural, semi-recent, and concemed interventricular septum or circumference of myocardium. Cardiac enzymes were high. Echocardiography showed a left ventricular apical aneurysm, and septal rupture. An abnormal blood flow pattern from left to right ventricle was visualized at Döppler. Medical treatment of Ml and cardiac failure were administrated. Surgery had not been possible. Both patients died respectively after 36 days and 4 days by cardiogenic shock.