Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 28
Filtrar
1.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon ; 33(3 Suppl): 126-9, 2011.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23393819

RESUMO

European (Directive 2003/10/CE) and italian rules (DLgs 81/08), both establish that "as far as technically achievable, any effects on workers' health and safety resulting from interactions between noise and work-related ototoxic substances, and between noise and vibrations". The scientific knowledge on this subject is still lacking, but are generally considered as ototoxic, either alone or in concert with noise, toluene, styrene, ethylbenzene, carbon disulphide, lead, mercury and carbon monoxide. With particular reference to health surveillance we propose yearly audiograms for workers whose exposures are at 50% or more of the specific OEL, for noise LEPd less than 85 dB(A); for concomitant noise LEPd greater than 85 dB(A) (by wich workers are normally submitted to an yearly audiogram) the occupational physician will consider if shorten the time between audiograms.


Assuntos
Transtornos da Audição/etiologia , Ruído Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Saúde Ocupacional , Vigilância da População , Transtornos da Audição/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente
2.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon ; 31(2): 172-6, 2009.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19827278

RESUMO

Italian law on safety at work does not clarify specific levels of load for safe manual material handling. For this reason professionals appointed for safety need to define new target range value for the correct application of D.Lgs. 81/2008 law. Authors, discussing about indication of the national laws and international rules, suggest the assumption of a load of 25 and 20 kg as reference values for male and female adult and healthy workers. They also examine the graduation of the acceptable loads in relation to workers' age and the Lifting Index values to be adopted as action limit and exposure limit.


Assuntos
Lesões nas Costas/prevenção & controle , Remoção/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Segurança/legislação & jurisprudência , Trabalho/legislação & jurisprudência , Adulto , Lesões nas Costas/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Itália , Masculino , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Valores de Referência , Medição de Risco , Gestão da Segurança
4.
Br J Cancer ; 97(9): 1300-4, 2007 Nov 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17895892

RESUMO

We analysed data from a cohort of 1966 subjects (889 men and 1,077 women) employed by an Italian asbestos (mainly textile) company in the period 1946-1984, who were followed-up to 2004. A total of 62,025 person-years of observation were recorded. We computed standardised mortality ratios (SMR) for all causes and selected cancer sites using national death rates for each 5-year calendar period and age group. There were 68 deaths from mesothelioma (25 men and 43 women, 39 pleural and 29 peritoneal) vs 1.6 expected (SMR=4,159), and 109 from lung cancer vs 35.1 expected (SMR=310). The SMRs of pleural/peritoneal cancer were 6661 for subjects exposed only before 30 years of age, 8,019 for those first exposed before 30 and still employed at 30-39 years of age and 5,786 for those first exposed before 30 and still employed at 40 or more years of age. The corresponding SMRs for lung cancer were 227, 446 and 562. The SMR of mesothelioma was strongly related to time since first exposure. The SMR of lung cancer, but not of mesothelioma, appeared to be related to subsequent exposures.


Assuntos
Amianto/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Mesotelioma/mortalidade , Doenças Profissionais/mortalidade , Adulto , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/etiologia , Masculino , Mesotelioma/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Exposição Ocupacional , Neoplasias Peritoneais/etiologia , Neoplasias Peritoneais/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pleurais/etiologia , Neoplasias Pleurais/mortalidade , Taxa de Sobrevida , Fatores de Tempo
5.
G Ital Med Lav Ergon ; 26(4): 278-97, 2004.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15584435

RESUMO

In this paper we have defined the new biomarkers of exposure (NBE) as those biomarkers discovered in the last five years and, among previously validated biomarkers, also those applied in different ranges of doses or those determined in biological matrices which differ from matrices originally considered. We examined the results from the surveys carried out by the main Italian research units involved in biological monitoring, i.e. those from the Universities of Brescia, Milan, Naples, Padua, Parma, Pavia, Turin and Verona. The data were collected using a standardized model and included the following: type of element or organic compound, type of biomarker, analytical technique and method, their relationship with environmental monitoring data, their relationship with effect indicators or effects in general, improvement with respect to old biomarkers, reference values. Twenty two NBEs were identified: 14 elements and chemical compounds as such or as metabolites, 4 examples of mixtures, 3 of new matrices, one of speciation. Among the others, aspects such as interest in requiring NBE, quality assurance, availability, cost-benefit ratio were discussed. We conclude that development of this specific field of research appears to be a crucial point for future improvement in risk assessment and health surveillance procedures.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores , Monitoramento Ambiental , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Saúde Ocupacional , Animais , Análise Custo-Benefício , Previsões , Humanos , Doenças Profissionais/diagnóstico , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Exposição Ocupacional , Ocupações , Ratos , Valores de Referência , Pesquisa , Medição de Risco , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
7.
Neurotoxicology ; 21(5): 863-6, 2000 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11130292

RESUMO

We report a case of occupational parkinsonism due to manganese exposure in which professional exposure has been documented both by the high blood and urinary levels of the metal and by its presence in the materials used. A strong relation was evident among chelating treatment, cessation of exposure and clinical improvement. MRI confirmed the evolution of clinical pattern by means of reduction of heavy metal deposition in basal ganglia. These findings also agree with the few experimental and human studies published. This case study points to the need for an accurate occupational history collection and suggests the possibility of useful chelating therapy with CaNa2EDTA.


Assuntos
Antiparkinsonianos/uso terapêutico , Quelantes/uso terapêutico , Ácido Edético/uso terapêutico , Intoxicação por Manganês/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Exposição Ocupacional , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Parkinsonianos/tratamento farmacológico , Benserazida/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/patologia , Globo Pálido/patologia , Humanos , Levodopa/uso terapêutico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Intoxicação por Manganês/sangue , Intoxicação por Manganês/tratamento farmacológico , Metais Pesados/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/tratamento farmacológico
8.
Ann Ist Super Sanita ; 34(1): 41-9, 1998.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9679339

RESUMO

In the first part of this study, the most frequently professional lead exposure observed since 1984 at the Occupational Health Clinic of Turin University are summarized and compared with exposure observed in the past. The second part analyzes the present blood lead levels in the general (non-occupationally exposed) population observed in a screening campaign carried out in Piedmont in 1993-94 within the framework of the national programme by biology surveillance prescribed by Presidential Decree no. 496 of 1982. Results agree with literature data and show a reduction in blood lead levels markedly below the Italian legal limits. Nevertheless, lead pollution in non-exposed subjects still represents a major hygienistic problem, because a relevant number of children have blood lead concentrations above 10 micrograms/ 100 ml, which is considered a safe level for avoiding irreversible injury to nervous system.


Assuntos
Exposição Ambiental , Chumbo/sangue , Exposição Ocupacional , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/efeitos adversos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Ácido Aminolevulínico/urina , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Monitoramento Ambiental , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Itália/epidemiologia , Chumbo/efeitos adversos , Chumbo/análise , Intoxicação por Chumbo/epidemiologia , Intoxicação por Chumbo/prevenção & controle , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Protoporfirinas/sangue , Risco , Estudos de Amostragem , Poluentes Químicos da Água/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Vinho/análise
9.
Int J Psychophysiol ; 14(1): 21-5, 1993 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8432676

RESUMO

A study was performed to examine the effects of industrial exposures to lead and mercury on the brainstem auditory pathway by recording brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs). BAEPs were recorded from 22 workers exposed to lead, from eight exposed to mercury and from two control groups of age- and sex-matched subjects never exposed to neurotoxic substances. The time between BAEP peaks I and V were evaluated. The mean durations of exposure were 9.3 and 11.7 years for lead and mercury, respectively. Blood lead concentration (PbBc) on the morning of the test day was 47.5 micrograms/dl, whereas urinary mercury content at the end of the previous work day was 325 micrograms/g creatinine. Both mercury and lead exposed workers showed a significant prolongation of wave I-V time. In addition, the interwave time was longer in a lead subgroup with the greatest mean level of lead in blood. These results are consistent with other studies and show that BAEPs may provide a sensitive tool for detecting subclinical central neurotoxicity caused by lead and mercury.


Assuntos
Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/efeitos dos fármacos , Chumbo/efeitos adversos , Mercúrio/efeitos adversos , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/induzido quimicamente , Exposição Ocupacional , Estimulação Acústica , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tempo de Reação/fisiologia
10.
Med Lav ; 83(5): 466-9, 1992.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1297059

RESUMO

We conducted a 5-year longitudinal study on 76 workers of a high and medium aluminium alloy die-casting factory. As in a previous cross-sectional study conducted in 1986 and in accordance with the data in the literature, the 1990 follow-up study showed: a low prevalence of chronic bronchitis (as defined by the ECSC questionnaire on respiratory symptoms); normal mean functional values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC%. We did not find any significant difference in the levels of lung function over the period of 1986-90. These results show that workers in the secondary aluminium industry are not exposed to a significant risk of chronic pulmonary disease.


Assuntos
Alumínio , Bronquite/epidemiologia , Metalurgia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Doença Crônica , Seguimentos , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Testes de Função Respiratória/estatística & dados numéricos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
11.
Neurotoxicology ; 13(1): 207-9, 1992.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1508421

RESUMO

Brainstem Evoked Potentials (BAEPs) were recorded in 49 lead exposed workers, and in a control group of 49 age- and sex-matched subjects, never exposed to neurotoxic substances. The mean duration of lead exposure was 7.4 (SD 5.6) yr. Blood lead concentration was analyzed in the morning of the experimental day (PbBc); an averaged PbB level was based on the levels of the 3 previous years (PbBm). Interpeak latency differences (IPLD) I-V, I-III and III-V were considered. The mean PbBc level was 54.6 (SD 16.1) micrograms/dl while the mean PbBm level was 53.5 (SD 15.9) micrograms/dl. Lead exposed workers showed a significant prolongation of IPLDs. IPLD I-V was longer in the subgroup with PbBm greater than 50 micrograms/dl (4.06 vs 3.98, c.l. 95% 0.00-0.16). These results are consistent with literature data and show that BAEPs may be a sensitive detector of subclinical lead effects on brainstem auditory pathways.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Central/efeitos dos fármacos , Potenciais Evocados Auditivos do Tronco Encefálico/efeitos dos fármacos , Chumbo/efeitos adversos , Exposição Ocupacional , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
12.
Int J Cosmet Sci ; 14(1): 19-31, 1992 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19272091

RESUMO

Synopsis A certain number of hairdressing parlour employers have been taken to court because their employees allegedly suffered from lung allergies caused by the vapours from PPD (paraphenylendiamine) which allegedly developed when applying hair dyes. These conclusions may be reached if the specific hazards of the rubber and particularly leather and fur dyeing industry are extrapolated as is widely reported in literature, to hairdressing employees. The purpose of this study is to assess the actual exposure rate to PPD vapours of hairdressing employees during a working day, on the basis of the type and characteristics of the salon (small, medium and large), the number of dye applications per day and the chemical-physical characteristics of the oxidation dyes. The results prove that, even under the hypothesis of experimental conditions pushed to the extreme, it is not reasonable to speak of exposure to PPD through the lungs of hairdressing employees.

13.
Med Lav ; 82(3): 248-52, 1991.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1795669

RESUMO

In order to identify possible relationships between multiple myeloma (MM) and occupational factors, a hospital-based case control type study was carried out on 94 cases of MM and on 188 controls matched for sex, age (S.D. = 2 years) and area of residence, suffering from orthopaedic trauma and free of chronic/degenerative or tumoral diseases. All jobs done for at least a year in a period of 5-30 years before diagnosis were considered. Statistical analysis showed a significant correlation between MM and agricultural work (OR 1.82; I.C. 95% 1.03-3.25), which agrees with the data in the literature. The etiopathogenetic hypotheses reported in the literature are discussed and proposals for further research are made.


Assuntos
Mieloma Múltiplo/epidemiologia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/epidemiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Itália/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mieloma Múltiplo/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Ocupações , Fatores de Risco
14.
Med Lav ; 81(1): 50-3, 1990.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2381372

RESUMO

SEPs obtained by stimulation of the median nerve of the wrist were recorded in a group of 33 subjects working with vibrating instruments in 82% of whom the case history was positive for Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP). Electrophysiological investigation revealed a decrease in peripheral nerve conduction speed, which was related to the duration of exposure to risk and the presence of RP. No diseases of the central nervous system were found. The results are discussed on the basis of the data in the literature.


Assuntos
Potenciais Somatossensoriais Evocados , Nervo Mediano/fisiopatologia , Vibração/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Braço , Humanos , Masculino
15.
Med Lav ; 80(3): 201-10, 1989.
Artigo em Italiano | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2796829

RESUMO

A group of 68 currently employed welders were examined who were exposed to welding fumes either for the whole or for at least half the working day and who used at least two welding processes, which were mainly manual metal arc welding and metal active gas welding, but also metal and tungsten inert gas welding, or oxyacetylene welding. The welders were classified into 3 groups according to the class of materials used, i.e.: 1) only mild and stainless steel; 2) mild and stainless steel and other metals; 3) only other metals. Chronic bronchitis symptoms were observed in 22% of the subjects; signs of suspected radiological fibrosis were present in 18%, initial signs of radiological fibrosis in 4%. Small airway disease was prevalent in the smokers (28 smokers versus 2 nonsmokers); one worker had an obstructive syndrome and another a restrictive syndrome (both were smokers). There was a good correlation between years of exposure and: 1) MEF25 in non-smokers; 2) urinary cobalt in the whole group. There was also a correlation between smoking and FEV1, MEF50, MEF25, PaO2 and urinary cadmium. Serum copper was higher in workers exposed full time than in those exposed part time. Urinary chromium and cobalt and serum copper were high in steel welders, lower in welders using steel and other metals and low in welders using other metals. Urinary chromium was similar in smokers and non-smokers. Serum zinc was found to be of little use for biological monitoring of welders. Urinary chromium was studied for one week in 10 full-time exposed steel welders. The difference between the chromium values at the end of the workshift and those at the beginning was small (low current exposure); the chromium values at the end of the workshift were not uniform in the whole group (different past exposure levels).


Assuntos
Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/efeitos adversos , Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Respiratória/induzido quimicamente , Fumar , Soldagem , Humanos , Medidas de Volume Pulmonar , Masculino , Doenças Profissionais/fisiopatologia , Ventilação Pulmonar , Insuficiência Respiratória/fisiopatologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...