A very rare case of bilateral capillary hemangioma of lower lip and face: A case report.

Hemangioma is a relatively common benign proliferation of blood vessel that primarily develops during childhood. It is a most common benign tumor of vascular origin is the region of head and neck. The common sites are lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate in oral cavity. Due to aesthetic concern and appearance problems of the hemangioma of lower lip and face it requires appropriate management. This is a case report of a rare hemangioma of lower lip and face bilaterally with involvement of mandible, floor of mouth, oropharynx, anterior 2/3rd of tongue parotid/submandibular glands in a 46-years-old female along the course of facial artery bilaterally with arterial feeders from the facial artery bilaterally, and draining into the jugular veins. This type of case is being reported first time in English literature.

The reliability of cephalometric measurements in oral and maxillofacial imaging: Cone beam computed tomography versus two-dimensional digital cephalograms.

CONTEXT: This study compared digital two-dimensional (2D) lateral cephalograms and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) total and half-skull images for the reliability of cephalometric measurements. AIMS: (1) To compare the accuracy of cephalometric measurements and reproducibility between the digital and CBCT cephalograms in the Indian population. (2) To compare interobserver variability in landmark identification through their cephalometric measurements by comparing different imaging modalities (CBCT total skull, CBCT half-skull, and conventional lateral cephalogram). (3) To further compare half-skull with the total skull synthesized CBCT and digital cephalograms in the same regard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients, who had consented with orthodontic treatment, participated in the study. Informed consent was obtained from the patient before the radiographic procedures. 2D digital lateral cephalograms and their corresponding CBCT scans were taken and imported in DICOM format to OnDemand 3D software. Twenty-three landmarks were identified by 3 observers and 9 linear and 14 angular measurements were digitally traced. The values were sent for statistical analysis using ANOVA to check the interobserver reliability between the imaging modalities. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: ANOVA, Student's t-test, and post hoc test were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The interobserver reliability was high between the modalities. CBCT total skull received an overall intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) value of 0.76. The ICC value for the CBCT half-skull was 0.79 and for the digital cephalograms it was 0.80. The reliability for CBCT total skull was marginally less when compared to the CBCT half-skull and digital cephalograms, but more for the mid-sagittal measurements. Digital cephalograms showed the most variation with measurements of the mandibular plane when compared to CBCT. CONCLUSIONS: CBCT has the potential to be used for cephalometrics, especially the half-skull images, but further studies are required to prove whether CBCT total skull images can be used. 2D cephalometry, however, still does remain as the mainstay of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning and cannot be easily replaced by three-dimensional cephalometry.

Technical note: MRI lymphangiography of the lower limb in secondary lymphedema.

We would like to describe a case of MRI lymphangiography of the left leg, performed by subcutaneous injection of gadopentetate in the foot, followed by serial acquisitions of images, in a 52-year-old female, who presented to us with progressive leg swelling following total hysterectomy and radiation therapy. Successful demonstration of lymphatic channels, along with faint visualization of the venous system, was achieved. This technique allows excellent visualization of lymphatic channels.

Cerebral high grade glioma with crossed cerebellar metastases. A report of three cases.

We describe three patients with high grade supratentorial gliomas who were operated and later presented with cerebellar mass lesions on the opposite side. Supratentorial infarct with crossed cerebellar atrophy is a well-known entity called crossed cerebellar diaschisis. We hypothesize that supratentorial high grade tumours might also spread to the opposite cerebellum through crossed cerebrocerebellar fiber tracts similar to crossed cerebellar diaschisis.

Heterogeneity, histological features and DNA ploidy in oral carcinoma by image-based analysis.

Oral squamous carcinomas appear heterogeneous on DNA ploidy analysis. However, this may be partly a result of sample dilution or the detection limit of techniques. The aim of this study was to determine whether oral squamous carcinomas are heterogeneous for ploidy status using image-based ploidy analysis and to determine whether ploidy status correlates with histological parameters. Multiple samples from 42 oral squamous carcinomas were analysed for DNA ploidy using an image-based system and scored for histological parameters. 22 were uniformly aneuploid, 1 uniformly tetraploid and 3 uniformly diploid. 16 appeared heterogeneous but only 8 appeared to be genuinely heterogeneous when minor ploidy histogram peaks were taken into account. Ploidy was closely related to nuclear pleomorphism but not differentiation. Sample variation, detection limits and diagnostic criteria account for much of the ploidy heterogeneity observed. Confident diagnosis of diploid status in an oral squamous cell carcinoma requires a minimum of 5 samples.

A rare case of hereditary multiple impacted normal and supernumerary teeth.

An eight-year-old girl residing in Bangalore presented with a complaint of retained primary maxillary and mandibular incisors. Radiographic examination of the case revealed multiple impacted permanent succedaneous teeth with deficient resorption of primary teeth and multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Family history revealed that the mother also exhibited multiple impacted supernumerary teeth. Based on the clinical presentation, radiographic examination and histopathological studies, this paper discusses the differential diagnosis and management of such a case.