Analysis of uncontrolled phosphorus precipitation in anaerobic digesters under thermophilic and mesophilic conditions.

This study compares the operation of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and their effects in uncontrolled phosphorus precipitation. The research has been carried out using a pilot plant consisting of two digesters of 1.6 m3 working volume, treating the mixed sludge of Alzira WWTP (Valencia, Spain). The digesters were operated in parallel, at different conditions: mesophilic (38 ± 2.0°C) and thermophilic (55 ± 2.5°C) temperatures and organic loading rates (OLR) ranging from 1.1 to 1.7 kg volatile solids (VS) m-3 d-1 and different hydraulic retention times (HRT) 20, 15 and 12 days. Uncontrolled precipitation was evaluated through P, Mg and Ca mass balances in both digesters. The results revealed that up to 82% of the available P and 81% of the available Mg precipitated in the mesophilic digester at HRT = 20 days which suggests the possible formation of struvite in both digesters. At lower HRT (HRT = 12 days) Mg and Ca precipitation was negligible and P fixation has been attributed to the possible formation of iron phosphates or adsorption processes on solid surfaces.

[Lyme disease and SAPHO syndrome]. / Enfermedad de Lyme y síndrome SAPHO.

Joint manifestation in Lyme disease hare shown similarities to those in reactive arthritis. SAPHO syndrome can also be included into the group of seronegative spondyloarthrophaties. It is presented a patient with joint, ocular and serological features proper of Lyme disease and after ones suggestive of SAPHO syndrome, who responds properly to an antibiotic treatment. It is considered the possibility that some patients suffering from SAPHO syndrome can also be suffering from Lyme disease.

[Study of immunologic parameters in parenteral drug addicts (PDA) with condylomata acuminata]. / Estudio de parámetros inmulógicos en adictos a drogas por vía parenteral (ADVP) con condilomas acuminados.

A study is made of the state of cell and humoral immunity in parenteral drug addicts both with and without genital warts. The results reveal alterations in the lymphocyte subpopulations, with a decrease in the T-helper/T-suppressor (T4+/T8+) ratio of both groups of patients. These alterations were more pronounced in those patients with genital warts (p less than 0.05). The alterations in humoral immunity, expressed as a hypergammaglobulinemia IgG and IgM, were similar in both groups. None of the immunological parameters were affected by the extension of the lesions, though the T4+/T8+ ratio was found to decrease with increasing length evolution of the lesions. It would be convenient to perform longitudinal studies of these preliminary data to evaluate the effect of human papilloma virus (HPV) on the immune system.

[Immunologic parameters in patients with acuminata condylomas]. / Estudio de parámetros inmunológicos en pacientes con condilomas acuminados.

A study is made of the state of cell and humoral immunity in patients with genital warts. The results show an increase in the T-suppressor lymphocyte population (T8+) (p less than 0.011) of these patients, which reduces the T-helper/T suppressor ratio (T4 +/T8 +). No alterations are observed in the humoral immunity on analyzing seric immunoglobulin concentration (IgA, IgG, IgM), complement factors (C3, C4), or their functionality (CH50).