Evaluation of Serum 25(OH)D Levels in Obese and Normal-Weight Children with Carious and Hypomineralized Teeth.

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the association between dental caries, molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) and obesity in relationship with different vitamin D levels in children. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective case-controlled study enrolled 455 children aged 6-18 years, who attended to both pediatric endocrinology and pediatric dentistry clinics at the Aydin Adnan Menderes University Hospital, Turkey. Vitamin D status was measured with serum (25(OH)D) concentrations. Body mass index (BMI) were used to determine adiposity. Caries status was assessed using the decayed-missing-filled teeth (dft) and (DMFT) index for primary and permanent dentitions using WHO standard methodology. MIH were diagnosed according to the EAPD criteria. RESULTS: DMFT did not show any significant difference between obese and normal weight children in both age groups. However, in 6-11 age group, obese children had lower dft and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Median caries index values and MIH prevelance among the obese and normal weight children found similar with deficient, insufficient and sufficient levels of serum 25(OH) D in both age groups. CONCLUSION: Our analyses provide no evidence to suggest that obese children are at increased risk for dental caries. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations would not seem to have a significant effect on dental caries and MIH in children.

Evaluation of oral health status of children in pretreatment and after treatment for 18 month.

OBJECTIVE: Dental caries is an important public health issue worldwide. In developing countries preventive dentistry is not common; hence, oral and dental health problems continue to generate serious economic and social issues. The aim of this study was to assess oral health and the incidence of dental caries in systemically healthy children aged 3-14 years, provide education on oral hygiene motivation, conduct the necessary preventive and restorative procedures, and reassess caries development at the 6-, 12-, and 18-month post-treatment follow-up. METHODS: Systemically healthy children aged 3-14 years who applied to the Paediatric Dentistry Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University (ADU) were included in the study. The subjects were evaluated for oral health status and incidence of dental caries based on surveys and clinical examination, motivation for oral hygiene with necessary training, completion of preventive and restorative treatments, and development of dental caries at the 6-, 12-, and 18-month post-treatment follow-up. RESULTS: The study included 320 patients, aged 3-14 years (mean age 8.08 ± 3.45 years). In children included in the study, the average decayed (d), missing (m) and filled (f) primary teeth (dmft) value was 3.81 (min-max: 0-16), decayed (D), missing (M) and filled (F) permanent teeth (DMFT) value, 1.49 (min-max: 0-6), decayed (d), missing(m) and filled(f) primary teeth surface (dmfs) value, 10.11 (min-max: 0-40), and decayed (D), missing (M) and filled (F) permanent teeth surface (DMFS) value, 2.09 (min-max: 0-12). CONCLUSIONS: For the protection and maintenance of oral and dental health in dentistry, preventive approaches should be the first concern and conservative therapeutic methods should be given priority after occurrence of any dental pathology. In addition, one-time examinations are not sufficient, and children should be examined at least twice a year. This study showed that the incidence of dental caries declined in children who underwent periodical examination and preventive dental treatment.

Gingival crevicular fluid and salivary resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels in obese children with gingivitis.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the levels of resistin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva of obese children with gingivitis. METHODS: One-hundred and thirty children (65 obese and 65 normal weight; age range 8 to 12 years) were recruited for the study. The children were classified into four subgroups based on their body mass and periodontal status; 1) obese children with gingivitis (OG, n = 33); 2) obese children with healthy periodontium (OH, n = 32); 3) normal weight children with gingivitis (NWG, n = 32); 4) normal weight children with healthy periodontium (NWH, n = 33). Body mass index (BMI) percentile, probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were recorded. Resistin and TNF-α were analyzed in GCF and saliva samples by ELISA. RESULTS: Obese children had higher BMI percentiles than normal weight children (p < 0.0001). PPD, GI, PI, GCF volume, GCF, and salivary resistin and TNF-α levels were similar between obese and normal weight children (P > 0.05). OG and NWG subgroups had significantly higher GI, PI, GCF volume, GCF resistin total amounts, and salivary resistin concentrations but lower GCF resistin and TNF-α concentrations than OH and NWH (P < 0.0001 for all). GCF resistin total amounts were positively correlated with GI, PI, and GCF TNF-α total amounts (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study evaluated the levels of resistin in GCF and saliva of children. Obesity is not associated with GCF and salivary resistin and TNF-α levels in children in the presence of gingival inflammation.

Autoextraction of Permanent Incisors and Self-Inflicted Orodental Trauma in a Severely Burned Child.

Autoextraction is one type of self-injurious behaviour. In the literature, self-injurious behaviours are observed in syndromes and genetic conditions. However, to the best of our knowledge, SIB and autoextraction in a severely burned patient have not been reported to date. This report describes the self-inflicted trauma and autoextraction in a severely burned child, and the management of the child during and after burn treatment.