Clinical Study of Flumazenil Antagonizing Remimazolam on Nausea and Vomiting After Gynecologic Day Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of flumazenil antagonizing remimazolam on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after gynecologic day surgery. Patients and Methods: 141 cases of gynaecological daycase surgery patients in Weifang People's Hospital were selected, randomized into group F (flumazenil group, 71 cases) and group C (control group, 70 cases). Dexamethasone 5 mg, flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg, and droperidol 1 mg were given intravenously before induction of anesthesia in both groups. Anesthesia induction: Remimazolam 0.25mg / kg was injected within 1 minute. After the patient fell asleep, mivacurium chloride 0.2mg / kg was injected for 30 seconds and alfentanil 20ug / kg was injected for 30 seconds. Anesthesia maintenance: Remimazolam 1mg/kg/h and alfentanil 40ug/kg/h were continuously pumped by micro pump. Stopping the injection of remimazolam and alfentanil at the end of the operation. Flumazenil 0.2 mg was given to antagonize remimazolam in group F after 1 minute. Group C was given an equal volume of saline. The incidence of PONV in the postoperative PACU and over a 24-hour period, patient awakening time, and general patient information were recorded. Results: The incidence of PONV in both groups within 24 hours was 50.70% in group F was significantly higher than 32.86% in group C. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The incidence of PONV in the PACU was 5.6% in group F and 8.6% in group C. The difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Flumazenil antagonism of remimazolam increases the incidence of PONV within 24 hours in gynecologic day surgery patients and has no significant effect on the incidence of PONV in the PACU.

SRDA: Mobile Sensing based Fluid Overload Detection for End Stage Kidney Disease Patients using Sensor Relation Dual Autoencoder.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a life-threatening and prevalent disease. CKD patients, especially endstage kidney disease (ESKD) patients on hemodialysis, suffer from kidney failures and are unable to remove excessive fluid, causing fluid overload and multiple morbidities including death. Current solutions for fluid overtake monitoring such as ultrasonography and biomarkers assessment are cumbersome, discontinuous, and can only be performed in the clinic. In this paper, we propose SRDA, a latent graph learning powered fluid overload detection system based on Sensor Relation Dual Autoencoder to detect excessive fluid consumption of EKSD patients based on passively collected bio-behavioral data from smartwatch sensors. Experiments using real-world mobile sensing data indicate that SRDA outperforms the state-of-the-art baselines in both F1 score and recall, and demonstrate the potential of ubiquitous sensing for ESKD fluid intake management.

Isoflurane triggers the acute cognitive impairment of aged rats by damaging hippocampal neurons via the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway.

Isoflurane was responsible for acute neuronal impairment, but its potential molecular mechanisms in damaging hippocampal neurons had not been clearly understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of how isoflurane affected the cognitive function of aged rats by damaging the hippocampal neurons. Acute cognitive impairment was found in aged Wistar rats via Morris water maze test and Y-maze test after isoflurane anesthesia in a dose-dependent manner compared with the control group in vivo. Isoflurane also decreased the viabilities and strengthened the apoptotic potential of hippocampal neurons by damaging the mitochondria in a time-dependent manner compared with the control group which was reported by MTT, immunofluorescent assay, flow cytometry and western blot assay in vitro. Isoflurane jeopardized hippocampal neurons by directly inactivating the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway and its harmful effects could be ameliorated by adding CaMKII activator CdCl2. These findings provided evidence that the cognitive ability of aged rats was injured by isoflurane exposure and isoflurane also inhibited the viability and enhanced the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons by damaging the mitochondria through inhibition of the NR2B/CaMKII/CREB pathway and its harmful roles could be partially ameliorated by CdCl2. Our study demonstrated that isoflurane could cause acute neuronal damage and we provided fresh insights that contributed to the safe use of anesthetic agents and the prevention of PND in elderly people.

Using Graph Representation Learning to Predict Salivary Cortisol Levels in Pancreatic Cancer Patients.

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that is critical to immune system functioning. Studies show that prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol can lead to a range of physical health ailments including the progression of tumor growth. The ability to monitor cortisol levels over time can therefore be used to facilitate decision-making during cancer treatment. However, collecting serum or saliva samples to monitor cortisol in situ is inconvenient, costly, and impractical. In this paper, we propose a general predictive modeling process that uses passively sensed actigraphy data to predict underlying salivary cortisol levels using graph representation learning. We compare machine learning models with handcrafted feature engineering and with graph representation learning, which includes Graph2Vec, FeatherGraph, GeoScattering and NetLSD. Our preliminary results generated from data from 10 newly diagnosed pancreatic cancer patients demonstrate that machine learning models with graph representation learning can outperform the handcrafted feature engineering to predict salivary cortisol levels.

The analgesic efficiency of pregabalin for the treatment of postoperative pain in total hip arthroplasty: A randomized controlled study protocol.

BACKGROUND: Only few studies have yet investigated whether perioperative administration of pregabalin can reduce the incidence of postoperative chronic neuropathic pain after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This prospective, randomized study compared placebo with pregabalin in the hope that a lower pregabalin dose would improve analgesia without increasing side-effects after THA. METHODS: This study was a prospective randomized blinded study, with a parallel design and an allocation ratio of 1:1 for the treatment groups. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board in Weifang People's Hospital and written informed consent was obtained from all subjects before enrolment. A total of 120 patients who meet inclusion criteria are randomized to either pregabalin or placebo group. The primary objective of the study was visual analog scale score. As secondary outcomes, opioid consumption measurement, Harris Hip Score, hip range of motion, patient satisfaction, and complications were made at different time points throughout the study for comparison. RESULTS: The null hypothesis of this study was that pregabalin would reduce pain after THA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry5669).

Distribution of 45S rDNA in Modern Rose Cultivars (Rosa hybrida), Rosa rugosa, and Their Interspecific Hybrids Revealed by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization.

To elucidate the evolutionary dynamics of the location and number of rDNA loci in the process of polyploidization in the genus Rosa, we examined 45S rDNA sites in the chromosomes of 6 modern rose cultivars (R. hybrida), 5 R. rugosa cultivars, and 20 hybrid progenies by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Variation in the number of rDNA sites in parents and their interspecific hybrids was detected. As expected, 4 rDNA sites were observed in the genomes of 4 modern rose cultivars, while 3 hybridization sites were observed in the 2 others. Two expected rDNA sites were found in 2 R. rugosa cultivars, while in the other 3 R. rugosa cultivars 4 sites were present. Among the 20 R. hybrida × R. rugosa offspring, 13 carried the expected number of rDNA sites, and 1 had 6 hybridization sites, which exceeded the expected number by far. The other 6 offspring had either 2 or 3 hybridization sites, which was less than expected. Differences in the number of rDNA loci were observed in interspecific offspring, indicating that rDNA loci exhibit instability after distant hybridization events. Abnormal chromosome pairing may be the main factor explaining the variation in rDNA sites during polyploidization.