[Autoantibodies to the thrombocytes and erythrocytes in HIV-infected patients]. / Autoantitela k trombotsitam i éritrotsitam u bol'nykh VICh-infektsiei.

In 48 patients with HIV infection were tested for the presence of autologous and allogenic antibodies to red blood cells with the use of Coombs' direct and indirect tests. 18 HIV-infected patients had IgG antibodies to thrombocytes, circulating in the blood (detected by the method of EIA) and bound to thrombocytes (detected by the method of RIA). In 5 out of 48 patients Coombs' direct test yielded positive results with red blood cells. 6 out of 18 examined patients had an elevated content of thrombocyte-bound antibodies. The presence of cross reactions between gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus and gp3a thrombocytes led to the formation of antithrombocyte antibodies and, consequently, to a decrease in the number of thrombocytes.

[Genetic approaches to Itsenko-Cushing disease]. / O geneticheskikh podkhodakh k bolezni Itsenko--Kushinga.

107 patients with Itsenko-Cushing disease were examined for heredity: family history was analyzed in 75 cases, dermatoglyphics was assessed in 44 cases, I- and II-class HLA antigens were studied in 68 cases. The patients were found to have hereditary loading both by Itsenko-Cushing and other diseases (hypertension, atherosclerosis, autoimmune disorders). Clinico-genealogical evaluation made it possible to identify forms of the disease which are inherited autosome-recessively and autosome-dominantly. However, in the majority of patients the disease onset had multifactorial nature, as there were HLA-antigen associations by DR4, DR5, DR7, DRw53, DQw3. Pilot experience with genetic study of the disease showed its genetic determination in some forms, its association with hypertension and atherosclerosis, approaches to prevention, prognosis, classification. Practical recommendations on detailed family history collection in patients with Itsenko-Cushing disease have been developed.

[The importance of immunogenetic studies in Itsenko-Cushing disease combined with other endocrine diseases]. / Znachimost' immunogeneticheskikh issledovanii pri bolezni Itsenko--Kushinga v sochetanii ee s drugimi éndokrinnymi zabolevaniiami.

Ninety-seven patients suffering from Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease were examined. Analysis was made first of all of the clinical and laboratory signs pointing to the presence of other endocrine diseases to distinguish two groups of patients. The first group included subjects who did not manifest any concomitant diseases. The number of men and women was the same. The second group was made up of patients with associated Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease and other endocrine diseases. In this particular group, women were predominant. The first group patients demonstrated the predominance of the DR7 incidence, the second group that of the DR5. The method of estimating HLA associations identified is proposed. It allows distinguishing specific and nonspecific associations. In Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease, DR7 association is specific, whereas B8 and DR5 associations are unspecific. A specific polyendocrine autoimmune syndrome associated with Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease was revealed. A concept of the pathogenesis of Itsenko [correction of Icenko]-Cushing disease is advanced.

[Association of I and II class HLA antigens with Cushing's syndrome]. / Assotsiatsiia HLA-antigenov I i II klassov s bolezn'iu Itsenko- Kushinga.

Incidence of class I and II HLA antigens was studied in 69 patients suffering from Icenko--Cushing syndrome. Positive association was reported for antigens DRw53, DQw3, DR4, DR5, negative for antigen DR2. Antigen combinations DR5, DR7 and DR4, DR5 proved more prevalent. The risk to develop the disease rose 2-3-fold in case of HLA-DR5 phenotype occurrence with antigen DR4 or DR7. Association with DRw53 and DQw3 antigens showing wide specificity seemed most significant.

[Possibility of the development of non-transfusion hemosiderosis in beta-thalassemia, caused by association with HLA-linked hemochromatosis]. / Vozmozhnost' netransfuzionnogo gemosideroza pri beta-thalassemii, obuslovlennogo assotsiatsiei s gemokhromatozom, stseplennym s HLA.

The data of HLA-haplotyping were used as an allele marker controlling hereditary hemochromatosis in 23 patients with beta-thalassemia. The results obtained have permitted a conclusion that hemosiderosis in patients with beta-thalassemia may be caused by association of beta-thalassemia gene with hereditary hemochromatosis. Early diagnosis of hyperferremia is of great prognostic importance as the adequate treatment timely conducted can prevent the development of irreversible changes in the patients.

[Immunologic indices in Itsenko-Cushing disease]. / Immunologicheskie pokazateli pri bolezni Itsenko-Kushinga.

The status of the immune system was studied in 36 patients with the Itsenko-Cushing disease (10 at the initial stage, 12 in the period of recurrence, 14 during remission) and in 20 healthy persons comparing the corticotropin and hydrocortisone content in the plasma. The level of T lymphocytes was lowered at the initial stage of disease (40.6 +/- 3.4%) as well as during recurrence and remission (37.8 +/- 3.9 and 44.5 +/- 4.6%, respectively) as compared to this level in the healthy persons (60.5 +/- 3.6%). The content of B lymphocytes was lowered in all 3 groups (4.3 +/- 0.8,2.9 +/- 0.5 and 4.8 +/- 0.7%, respectively; in the group of healthy persons, it was 19.2 +/- 3.0%). The phagocytic activity of leukocytes was lowered at the initial stage of disease (39.0 +/- 7.6%) and during recurrence (36.7 +/- 4.5%) as compared to that of the healthy persons (44.6 +/- 1.5%). The hydrocortisone sensitive population of T lymphocytes was decreased 1.5-2 times. An increase in the corticotropin level (148.1 +/- 16.9 and 85.2 +/- 19.7 pg/ml, respectively; in health 47.9 +/- 3.8 pg/ml) and in the hydrocortisone level (142.5 +/- 11.1 and 181.3 +/- 20.5 ng/ml, respectively; in health 79 +/- 23 ng/ml) was marked simultaneously in the patients of these 2 groups. During remission (corticotropin and hydrocortisone normal levels), immunological indicators did not completely return to normal, thus suggesting a stable disorder of the cell immunity.

[The HLA system and Itsenko-Cushing disease]. / Sistema HLA i bolezn' Itsenko-Kushinga.

The determination of HLA antigens in 54 patients with Icenko-Cushing's disease demonstrated the high rate of AIO antigens (50.7%), B8 (27.3%) and B27 (26.2%) antigens. In the control group, the rate of the same antigens amounted to 17.8, 16.3 and 7.4%, respectively. Specific features were also revealed in the rate of individual HLA haplotypes. The rate of A X IO, B8; A X IO, B27 haplotypes occurring relatively rarely in normal subjects was high in patients with Icenko-Cushing's disease. The high rate of AIO, B8 and B27 antigens may attest to the high risk of the development of Icenko-Cushing's disease in subjects carrying these antigens.

[Blast cell differentiation of a continuous human leukemia line as affected by dimethyl sulfoxide]. / Differentsirovka blastnykh kletok perevivaemoi linii leikoza cheloveka pod deistviem dimetilsul'foksida.

The human blast cells line L-101 isolated from blood leukocytes of the patient with the cutaneous erythromyeloleukemia in the media with dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) and maintained by permanent cultivation stimulate myeloid differentiation of this cells. The number of differentiated cells depends on DMSO concentration. Maximum of differentiated cells (up to 75%) have exposed on the 6th day of incubation with 0,75% DMSO. The cell line L-101 is a suitable model for investigation of myeloid differentiation.

A rise in activity of natural cold isolymphocytotoxins after hemostimulation.

Natural cold isolymphocytotoxins (NCILCT) were studied in sera of patients with chronic renal insufficiency who had undergone 3-200 hemodialyses, in sera of healthy subjects before and after intramuscular injections of 5-9 ml of whole autologous blood, and in sera of hemophilia patients before and after a transfusion of 130-250 ml of freshly drawn donor plasma concentrate. It was noted NCILCT activity rose from 20-50% to 50-100% dead cells after injections of autologous blood and plasma transfusions in the majority of cases. In subjects who had undergone hemodialysis from 50 to 200 time NCILCT activity was considerably higher (50-80% dead cells) compared to patients with 3-10 hemodialyses (20-30% dead cells). It was suggested that the graft protection effect of blood transfusions and hemodialysis on kidney graft may be associated with an increase in NCILCT activity.