Prevalence of psychological and mental health symptoms among nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Americas: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

To assess the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies that estimated the prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic was performed through bibliographic database searches. A three-level meta-analysis model was used with the inverse variance method, tau was estimated via restricted maximum likelihood and logistic transformation, and heterogeneity was presented as tau2 and I2. Of the 7467 studies obtained, 62 were included in the meta-analysis, which involved 52 270 nursing professionals. The overall prevalence for at least one mental health symptom was 56.3% (50.4%, 62.1%; I2 = 98.6%, p < 0.001). Eight mental health symptoms were found; among them, the most prevalent were burnout (52.1%, 37.1%, 88.8%; I2 = 98.5%, p < 0.001) and fear (52.1%, 30.1%, 73.3%; I2 = 98.1%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of mental health symptoms in nursing professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic on the American continent was high, and strategies should be developed and implemented by managers and government agencies to promote the well-being, physical and mental health of nursing professionals. Studies like this one are necessary to highlight the need for efforts in the implementation of promotion and prevention actions to be developed by health organisations, managers and leaders with a view to improving the quality of life of nursing workers.

Cumulative prevalence of biological and social risk factors at birth in a city in São Paulo.

OBJECTIVE: to identify the cumulative prevalence of biological and social risk factors at birth. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, carried out with live births in a medium-sized city, from January 2018 to July 2020. A database was used with information aimed at identifying social and biological risks after birth, assessed descriptively. RESULTS: the sample consisted of 4,480 newborns, of which 78.9% were classified as at usual risk, and 21.1% as at risk. The cumulative prevalence showed that most newborns had more than one risk factor, with biological risks being the most prominent: need for admission to Intensive Care Unit, birth with less than 37 weeks of gestation and weight less than 2,500 g. Among the social risks, the following stand out: newborns who had a dead sibling aged less than 5 years old; head of family without income; mothers under 16 years old and who did not undergo prenatal care. The biological risk rate was 7.39 times higher than the social risk rate. CONCLUSION: the cumulative prevalence of the risks found was significant, with a considerable part of the sample presenting some biological risk.

Cumulative prevalence of biological and social risk factors at birth in a city in São Paulo / Prevalencia acumulada de factores de riesgo biológicos y sociales al nacer en una ciudad de São Paulo / Prevalência cumulativa dos fatores de risco biológicos e sociais ao nascer em município paulista

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the cumulative prevalence of biological and social risk factors at birth. Method: a cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, carried out with live births in a medium-sized city, from January 2018 to July 2020. A database was used with information aimed at identifying social and biological risks after birth, assessed descriptively. Results: the sample consisted of 4,480 newborns, of which 78.9% were classified as at usual risk, and 21.1% as at risk. The cumulative prevalence showed that most newborns had more than one risk factor, with biological risks being the most prominent: need for admission to Intensive Care Unit, birth with less than 37 weeks of gestation and weight less than 2,500 g. Among the social risks, the following stand out: newborns who had a dead sibling aged less than 5 years old; head of family without income; mothers under 16 years old and who did not undergo prenatal care. The biological risk rate was 7.39 times higher than the social risk rate. Conclusion: the cumulative prevalence of the risks found was significant, with a considerable part of the sample presenting some biological risk.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia acumulada de factores de riesgo biológicos y sociales al nacer. Método: estudio transversal, con recolección de datos retrospectiva, realizado con nacidos vivos en un municipio de mediano porte, de enero de 2018 a julio de 2020. Se utilizó una base de datos con información destinada a identificar riesgos sociales y biológicos después del nacimiento, evaluados de forma descriptiva. Resultados: la muestra estuvo constituida por 4.480 recién nacidos, de los cuales el 78,9% fueron clasificados como de riesgo habitual y el 21,1% como de riesgo. La prevalencia acumulada mostró que la mayoría de los recién nacidos tenían más de un factor de riesgo, siendo los biológicos los más destacados: necesidad de hospitalización en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, nacimiento con menos de 37 semanas de gestación y peso inferior a 2.500 g. Entre los riesgos sociales se destacan: los recién nacidos que tuvieron un hermano menor de 5 años muerto; cabeza de familia sin ingresos; madres menores de 16 años y que no realizaron control prenatal. La tasa de riesgo biológico fue 7,39 veces superior a la tasa de riesgo social. Conclusión: la prevalencia acumulada de los riesgos encontrados fue significativa, presentando una parte considerable de la muestra algún riesgo biológico.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar a prevalência cumulativa de fatores de riscos biológicos e sociais ao nascer. Método: estudo transversal, com coleta retrospectiva de dados, realizado com os nascidos vivos de um município de médio porte, no período de janeiro de 2018 a julho de 2020. Utilizou-se banco de dados com informações voltadas para a identificação de riscos sociais e biológicos após o nascimento, avaliados de forma descritiva. Resultados: a amostra foi composta por 4.480 recém-nascidos, sendo 78,9% classificados como bebês de risco habitual, e 21,1%, como de risco. A prevalência cumulativa evidenciou que a maior parte dos recém-nascidos possuía mais de um fator de risco, sendo os riscos biológicos com maior destaque: a necessidade de internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, nascimento com menos de 37 semanas de gestação e peso menor que 2.500 g. Dentre os riscos sociais, evidencia-se: recém-nascidos que tiveram irmão morto com idade menor que 5 anos de idade; chefe de família sem renda; mães com menos de 16 anos e que não realizaram o pré-natal. A taxa de risco biológico foi 7,39 vezes maior que a taxa de risco social. Conclusão: a prevalência cumulativa dos riscos encontrados foi significativa com considerável parte da amostra, apresentando algum risco biológico