Evaluation of ecosystem service value of the grape industry at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain, Ningxia, China.

Using statistical data from Statistics Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the Grape Industry Development Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and National Bureau of Statistics, ecosystem service value of grape industry at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain in Ningxia was evaluated from eight facets, i.e., food production, carbon fixation and oxygen release, air purification, soil conservation, water-holding, water conservation and efficiency, eco-tourism, and ecological poverty alleviation. The results showed that: 1) ecosystem service value of the grape industry was 3.6 billion (RMB), with direct benefit of 2.2 billion and the ecological benefit of 1.4 billion. Ecological benefit accounted for 38.85% of the total ecosystem service value. 2) The service value of the grape industry was in the order of ecological poverty alleviation> eco-tourism> carbon fixation and oxygen release> water conservation and efficiency > air purification > soil conservation> water-holding. 3) Among the ecological benefits, the value of ecological poverty alleviation was the highe-st, accounting for 64.39%; the value of ecotourism was the second, accounting for 24.47%. The results indicated the necessity of assessing ecosystem service value of the grape industry, which could enable people to realize the direct economic benefits as well as the ecological benefits. This study had important reference value for comprehensively guiding the healthy and sustainable deve-lopment of the grape industry.

[Selective catalytic oxidation of H2S over supported Fe catalysts on CeO2-intercalated laponite clay].

A series of Fe/CeO2-intercalated clay catalysts were synthesized successfully, the physicochemical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, XRF, TG, FT-IR, O2-TPD, H2-TPR and XPS methods. The catalytic performances for selective catalytic oxidation of H2S were further investigated, all catalysts exhibited high catalytic activities. Among them 5% Fe/Ce-Lap presented the best activity at 180 degreeC and the maximum sulfur yield was up to 96% due to the interaction between iron and cerium, which improved the redox ability of Fe3+ . Moreover, the strong oxygen adsorption capacity and the well dispersion of iron species improved the catalytic performance efficiently.

[Current research situation of H2S selective catalytic oxidation technologies and catalysts].

This review summarizes and discusses different selective catalytic oxidation technologies and various catalysts for removing H2S, the undesirable byproduct of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processing. Currently the selective oxidation technologies used include Superclaus, Euroclaus, Clinsulf-Do, BSR/Hi-Activity, Selectox and Modop techniques, which have various characteristics and application areas. Catalysts for H2S selective oxidation mainly contain the following systems: carbon, supported SiC, zeolite, oxide, and pillared clay. Former studies focused on carbon and oxide systems. The research interest on zeolite system decreased in recent years, while SiC is regarded as a typical support with great potential for this reaction and continues to be attractive. Pillared clay system is at the preliminary research stage, and is still far from practical application.