[Value of prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis]. / Intérêt de la prévention de la toxoplasmose congénitale.

PURPOSE: To verify incidence of toxoplasmosis seroconversion during pregnancy and the interest of treating the mother. METHODS: Among 7044 infants born between January 1989 and December 1993, 78 (1.1%) born to mothers who developped toxoplasmosis seroconversion during pregnancy were followed. RESULTS: Among 69 mothers treated, there were only 9 cases of congenital toxoplasmosis (13.4%) including only 3 cases of patent toxoplasmosis. CONCLUSION: Treating the mother is an effective means of preventing toxoplasmosis. The cost of verifying seronegativity in women during pregnancy could be reduced by primary prevention.

[Results of early treatment of congenital strabismus]. / Résultats du traitement précoce des strabismes congénitaux.

The authors analyse the results obtained after very early treatment of Esotropia in 38 children. These children were divided into 4 groups according to their age at the time of treatment. At the age of 30 months, they studied binocular vision, manifest latent nystagmus (NML) and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD). In groups 1 and 2, treatment was instituted before the age of 6 weeks (13 children) no DVD was noted, only one NML and 11 children have binocular vision. In groups 3 and 4, treatment was instituted after the age of 3 months (25 children) 4 cases of DVD and 10 of NML are noted, and only 9 children have binocular vision. In case of congenital esotropia, the authors recommend treatment before 2 months old to obtain a possibility of binocular vision and to decrease the risk of NML and DVD.

[Strabismus and parental function]. / Strabisme et fonction parentale.

In this work, the authors pointed out that the perturbation of connection between parents and children was the primary factor of squint in 10% in cases. They proved it with two examples.

[Psychological factors and strabismus]. / Troubles psychologiques et strabisme.

The purpose of this article is to understand the importance of psychological factors in the occurrence of Squint. Two psychologists have given their advise the understanding of interactions between failure in Squint and Children psychology. On 550 children 40 were studied during two years. We noted associated psychosomatics diseases and family factors.

[2 new visual acuity tests for children: the Cadet letters and Cadet images]. / Deux nouveaux tests d'acuité visuelle pour enfants: le Cadet lettres et le Cadet images.

The authors present two new visual tests for preschool children: the Cadet letters and the Cadet images, work of the Cadet (Cercle d'Action et de Dépistage des Troubles visuels de l'enfant). The Cadet lettres prospects the angular acuity of children on and after three years. The Cadet images prospects the psychomorphoscopic visual acuity of children on and after two years.

[Initial approach to the contribution of informatics to strabismology]. / Première approache de l'apport de l'informatique dans la strabologie.

The authors report the results obtained in 300 cases of strabismus, during one year, on a Computer Apple IIe. The best use of a simple program gave 156 research-keys, each fiche containing 60 keys. The authors pointed the high percentage of premature infants. They insist on the many future epidemiologic possibilities and the potentially better treatment choices.

[Routine monitoring of patients treated with synthetic antimalarials]. / Surveillance pratique des malades traités par anti-paludéens de synthèse.

Routine tests of visual acuity, and ocular fundus, angiography, and ERG examinations should be conducted regularly in patients receiving synthetic antimalarial drugs. Toxicity of these compounds is a current problem as 8 out of 81 patients being treated presented symptoms associated with ERG changes or macular lesions, and reduced visual acuity in some cases. There was a lack of correlation between ERG effects and the onset of macular disorders: one patient had marked macular changes and a normal ERG while another had a normal fundus and visual acuity but abolished ERG activity. Identical doses do not always produce the same effect and toxic symptoms have developed after a dosage ranging from 86 to 760 g. This suggests the existence of individual hypersensitivity.