RESUMO
They are common comments from people facing a life-threatening or chronic illness: "Why did this happen to me? I don't deserve this." "Am I being punished for something? Why do I have to go through this?"
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Doença Crônica/enfermagem , Doença Crônica/psicologia , Desenvolvimento Humano , Comportamento de Ajuda , Humanos , Relações Interpessoais , Religião e Psicologia , Apoio SocialRESUMO
Learning is seen as a systems-level phenomenon that stays within the organization regardless of the "players" involved. However, this article reviews some of the history of organizational learning and the learning organization and makes a proposal for how health care organizations are becoming learning organizations.
Assuntos
Aprendizagem , Cultura Organizacional , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal , Atenção à Saúde , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Evaluation of competency is a lot like competency itself: easy to talk about and difficult to pin down. There are no hard and fast guidelines, but evaluation will be an easier, if not easy, task if attention is given to (1) ensuring alignment with goals of the institution and patient care situation; (2) developing properly a valid and reliable form; (3) training of evaluators; and (4) choosing a reasonable timetable for re-evaluation.
Assuntos
Avaliação de Desempenho Profissional/métodos , Competência Profissional , Capacitação em Serviço , Estados UnidosRESUMO
The nurse's ability to use "benevolent power" can be a very useful tool in relating to patients. Use of "benevolent power" takes advantage of the nurse's power and authority by virtue of positions However, rather than focusing on the nurse's needs or manipulating the patient in a negative way, use of "benevolent power" allows the nurse to respond to the patient situation in a way which is beneficial and positive for the patient.
Assuntos
Relações Interprofissionais , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/psicologia , Enfermagem Prática/métodos , Poder Psicológico , Ética em Enfermagem , Humanos , Maquiavelismo , Modelos PsicológicosRESUMO
This is the second article of a two-part series on patient education. This article builds on the first one by discussing some of the unique considerations in providing patient education in the nuclear medicine department. Concrete strategies for nuclear medicine technology practice are discussed here. After reading this article, the technologist should be able to: (a) describe the affective and technical aspects of the nuclear medicine technologist's role as a patient educator; (b) identify some strategies that nuclear medicine technologists can use to become better teachers; and (c) describe factors that affect patient learning in the nuclear medicine department and some approaches to overcome or minimize learning barriers.
Assuntos
Pessoal Técnico de Saúde/educação , Medicina Nuclear/educação , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Tecnologia Radiológica/educação , Educação Continuada , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , Efeitos da Radiação , Medição de RiscoRESUMO
The purpose of this article is to explain the staff development approach as a means of enhancing the nurse manager's professional growth as well as the growth of employees. Staff development is growth-oriented, provides opportunity for self-direction, and integrates the needs of the learner and the facility while focusing on long-term goals. The author discusses integrating the goals of the adult learner and those of the health care organization as a means of meeting the needs of the institution and the individual employee.
Assuntos
Educação Continuada em Enfermagem/métodos , Enfermeiros Administradores/educação , Enfermeiros Administradores/organização & administração , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal/métodos , Adulto , Tomada de Decisões Gerenciais , Objetivos , Humanos , Modelos Educacionais , Modelos Psicológicos , Avaliação das Necessidades , Enfermeiros Administradores/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/psicologia , Inovação Organizacional , Objetivos Organizacionais , Psicologia EducacionalRESUMO
The authors describe the dynamics of change, barriers and resistance to change, and provide techniques for assisting staff cope with change. The nurse manager should provide support during change, intervene when change is a surprise, help staff find challenge in change, encourage staff to have courage and stamina while coping with change, and foster teamwork. Using these techniques enables the manager and staff to view change as a challenge and an opportunity rather than a threat.
Assuntos
Adaptação Psicológica , Relações Interprofissionais , Liderança , Enfermeiros Administradores/organização & administração , Enfermeiros Administradores/psicologia , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem/psicologia , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal/métodos , Humanos , Inovação Organizacional , Identificação Social , Apoio SocialRESUMO
The case study method is a useful student-centered learning strategy that allows students to solve real-world problems in the safe environment of the classroom. The authors discuss the strengths and limitations of this method and strategies for developing and using case studies in the classroom.
Assuntos
Competência Clínica/normas , Bacharelado em Enfermagem/métodos , Registros de Enfermagem , Resolução de Problemas , Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas/métodos , Humanos , Ensino/métodosRESUMO
Nursing science is increasingly gaining recognition. Witness the growing use by other disciplines of nursing's models and ideas. One example is the adoption of the Giger and Davidhizar Model of Transcultural Assessment by non-nursing disciplines to understand and address the needs of a pluralistic multicultural society. Below the authors describe a model to understand culturally diverse clients and show how health professions are using it to provide culturally competent care.
Assuntos
Diversidade Cultural , Pessoal de Saúde , Modelos de Enfermagem , Enfermagem Transcultural , Humanos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
An inconsistent nursing assignment structure increases unsafe nursing care situations and patient and staff litigation. Using a holistic perspective when scheduling places value on subjectivity, accountability and continuity of care. The conflicts involved with the nursing assignment structure and its implications for nursing managers are identified.
Assuntos
Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/provisão & distribuição , Supervisão de Enfermagem/organização & administração , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal/organização & administração , Competência Clínica , Conflito Psicológico , Enfermagem Holística , Humanos , Relações Interprofissionais , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/educação , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar/psicologiaRESUMO
Although health care is changing, and probably always will be subject to change, there are certain basic themes present at the founding of the U.S. health care system that remain important today. Although these themes could be seen as working against each other, proper attention to both might lead to a "marriage" that could optimize the system and provide, if not a solution, at least a workable system for health care.
Assuntos
Atenção à Saúde/tendências , Condições Sociais , Atenção à Saúde/organização & administração , Previsões , Reforma dos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Ciência de Laboratório Médico/tendências , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde/tendências , Valores Sociais , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Change seems to be the one constant in health care. This article examines how employees react to change and provides guidelines to help them and managers overcome barriers to change. These guidelines include providing support during change, using appropriate interventions, helping staff find the challenge in change, helping them find the stamina for change, and fostering teamwork.
Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde/psicologia , Inovação Organizacional , Gestão de Recursos Humanos/métodos , Adaptação Psicológica , Barreiras de Comunicação , Guias como Assunto , Humanos , Equipes de Administração Institucional , Psicologia Industrial , Desenvolvimento de Pessoal , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Humor has the potential to be positive or negative, character building or destructive. Many suggest that a sense of humor is necessary for good health, whether of an individual or an organization. This article presents ways in which managers can foster a "laughing with" (instead of "laughing at") attitude as a means of managing stress, enhancing teamwork, and maintaining employee satisfaction in the face of adversity.
Assuntos
Administradores Hospitalares/psicologia , Riso/psicologia , Administração de Materiais no Hospital , Gestão de Recursos Humanos/métodos , Senso de Humor e Humor como Assunto/psicologia , Humanos , Equipes de Administração Institucional , Administração de Materiais no Hospital/organização & administração , Inovação Organizacional , Psicologia Industrial , Gestão da Qualidade Total , Estados Unidos , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
This article examines the changing nature of patient education and the reasons why radiologic technologists must take a role in educating patients. The elements of teaching and effective communication are discussed, along with barriers to learning and ways to assess patients' readiness to learn. The article concludes with teaching examples drawn from mammography, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography and radiography.
Assuntos
Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Tecnologia Radiológica , Angiografia , Comunicação , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Mamografia , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Radiografia , EnsinoRESUMO
Diversity among healthcare students is increasing as the population of the United States changes in composition. Preparation of the culturally diverse healthcare student presents a challenge for recruitment, education, and retention. The problems of education can be ameliorated by a thorough assessment of the culturally diverse student using the Giger and Davidhizar model. The student should be assessed for differences by considering six interrelated factors: communication, space, time, social organization, environmental control, and biological variations. Understanding the differences that exist in these areas is a first step toward appreciating the diversity among people of varied cultures.
Assuntos
Diversidade Cultural , Bacharelado em Enfermagem/métodos , Modelos de Enfermagem , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde/etnologia , Comunicação , Humanos , Pesquisa em Educação em Enfermagem , Comportamento SocialRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This first article, of a two-part series, presents the foundation for patient education in the nuclear medicine department. The need for patient education through mandates, such as the JCAHO, is discussed and the relevant literature surrounding the delivery of patient education is reviewed. The emphasis is on proper learning by patients, including the means of maximizing the facilitators to learning and minimizing barriers that limit patient learning in the clinical setting. After completing the article, the reader should be able to: (a) describe the mandates for patient education; (b) discuss the current practice of patient education in health care; (c) describe the effective implementation of learning; (d) list barriers and facilitators to patient learning; and (e) give examples of how barriers to learning can be minimized and facilitators can be maximized. Practical applications will be discussed in the second article.
Assuntos
Medicina Nuclear/educação , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/normas , HumanosRESUMO
One of the most challenging aspects of death education and grief counseling is providing care and education that is relevant to the cultural, racial, and ethnic needs of the client. Often appropriate responses are difficult due to the lack of a relevant model; otherwise practitioners tend to operate from facts collected in isolation. This article reports on an assessment model originally developed in nursing by Giger and Davidhizar and discusses its potential use in providing culturally relevant death education and grief counseling.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Morte/etnologia , Pesar , Modelos de Enfermagem , Avaliação em Enfermagem/métodos , Enfermagem Transcultural/métodos , Comunicação , Aconselhamento/métodos , Características Culturais , Humanos , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto/métodos , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Euthanasia, whether active or passive, remains a controversial issue in health care, and allied health professionals are likely to encounter situations of potential active or passive euthanasia during their careers. This survey of allied health students sought to determine their attitudes toward euthanasia and whether their self-reported euthanasia ideology corresponded with their behavioral endorsement of euthanasia actions. Disciplines and educational levels were also compared to determine differences between the program groups and their pro- or anti-euthanasia beliefs. Differing attitudes about euthanasia were found from group to group, and a significant correlation was found between the euthanasia ideology scores and the euthanasia behavioral scores.