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1.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 120(24): e2210113120, 2023 06 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37279279

RESUMO

Using scRNA-seq and microscopy, we describe a cell that is enriched in the lower airways of the developing human lung and identified by the unique coexpression of SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR. To functionally interrogate these cells, we apply a single-cell barcode-based lineage tracing method, called CellTagging, to track the fate of SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR cells during airway organoid differentiation in vitro. Lineage tracing reveals that these cells have a distinct differentiation potential from basal cells, giving rise predominantly to pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and a subset of multiciliated cells distinguished by high C6 and low MUC16 expression. Lineage tracing results are supported by studies using organoids and isolated cells from the lower noncartilaginous airway. We conclude that SCGB3A2/SFTPB/CFTR cells are enriched in the lower airways of the developing human lung and contribute to the epithelial diversity and heterogeneity in this region.


Assuntos
Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística , Pulmão , Humanos , Regulador de Condutância Transmembrana em Fibrose Cística/metabolismo , Células-Tronco/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Linhagem da Célula , Organoides , Células Epiteliais/metabolismo
2.
Elife ; 112022 02 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35133274

RESUMO

DNA damage response mechanisms have meiotic roles that ensure successful gamete formation. While completion of meiotic double-strand break (DSB) repair requires the canonical RAD9A-RAD1-HUS1 (9A-1-1) complex, mammalian meiocytes also express RAD9A and HUS1 paralogs, RAD9B and HUS1B, predicted to form alternative 9-1-1 complexes. The RAD1 subunit is shared by all predicted 9-1-1 complexes and localizes to meiotic chromosomes even in the absence of HUS1 and RAD9A. Here, we report that testis-specific disruption of RAD1 in mice resulted in impaired DSB repair, germ cell depletion, and infertility. Unlike Hus1 or Rad9a disruption, Rad1 loss in meiocytes also caused severe defects in homolog synapsis, impaired phosphorylation of ATR targets such as H2AX, CHK1, and HORMAD2, and compromised meiotic sex chromosome inactivation. Together, these results establish critical roles for both canonical and alternative 9-1-1 complexes in meiotic ATR activation and successful prophase I completion.


Assuntos
Proteínas Mutadas de Ataxia Telangiectasia/metabolismo , Pareamento Cromossômico , Reparo do DNA , Meiose , Animais , Quebras de DNA de Cadeia Dupla , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Transdução de Sinais , Testículo/metabolismo
3.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol ; 322(4): L564-L580, 2022 04 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35170357

RESUMO

After lung injury, damage-associated transient progenitors (DATPs) emerge, representing a transitional state between injured epithelial cells and newly regenerated alveoli. DATPs express profibrotic genes, suggesting that they might promote idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the molecular pathways that induce and/or maintain DATPs are incompletely understood. Here we show that the bifunctional kinase/RNase-IRE1α-a central mediator of the unfolded protein response (UPR) to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a critical promoter of DATP abundance and function. Administration of a nanomolar-potent, monoselective kinase inhibitor of IRE1α (KIRA8)-or conditional epithelial IRE1α gene knockout-both reduce DATP cell number and fibrosis in the bleomycin model, indicating that IRE1α cell-autonomously promotes transition into the DATP state. IRE1α enhances the profibrotic phenotype of DATPs since KIRA8 decreases expression of integrin αvß6, a key activator of transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) in pulmonary fibrosis, corresponding to decreased TGF-ß-induced gene expression in the epithelium and decreased collagen accumulation around DATPs. Furthermore, IRE1α regulates DNA damage response (DDR) signaling, previously shown to promote the DATP phenotype, as IRE1α loss-of-function decreases H2AX phosphorylation, Cdkn1a (p21) expression, and DDR-associated secretory gene expression. Finally, KIRA8 treatment increases the differentiation of Krt19CreERT2-lineage-traced DATPs into type 1 alveolar epithelial cells after bleomycin injury, indicating that relief from IRE1α signaling enables DATPs to exit the transitional state. Thus, IRE1α coordinates a network of stress pathways that conspire to entrap injured cells in the DATP state. Pharmacological blockade of IRE1α signaling helps resolve the DATP state, thereby ameliorating fibrosis and promoting salutary lung regeneration.


Assuntos
Endorribonucleases , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática , Apoptose/fisiologia , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático/fisiologia , Endorribonucleases/metabolismo , Humanos , Fibrose Pulmonar Idiopática/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/genética
5.
J Foot Ankle Surg ; 48(3): 294-308, 2009.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19423029

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: Pedal onychomycosis is a common malady caused by dermatophytes, saprophytes, and yeasts. Traditional treatment options for this condition include toenail debridement, and pharmacological therapies that range from the application of topical agents to the oral administration of antifungal medications. In this study, 55 patients (289 toenails) were randomly allocated to either nail debridement (27 [49.09%] patients) or debridement plus application of topical antifungal nail lacquer (28 [50.91%] patients). The primary outcome was mycological cure, and secondary outcomes included foot-related quality of life, and a number of clinically important toenail characteristics. After a median follow-up of 10.5 months (range, 3.25-14.25) months), patients in the antifungal nail lacquer group improved statistically significantly more than did those in the debridement alone group, and displayed a 76.74% rate of mycological cure. None of the patients in the debridement-only group experienced mycological cure. Variables that statistically significantly decreased the likelihood of cure included yeast on culture, pedal hyperhidrosis, cigarette smoking, involvement of the lunula, and involvement of >50% of the transverse width of the nail. Variables statistically significantly associated with an increased likelihood of cure included intervention before 6 months' duration, treatment at a large, urban practice, black race, and loss of protective sensation. LEVEL OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE: 1.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Desbridamento , Dermatoses do Pé/terapia , Onicomicose/terapia , Piridonas/uso terapêutico , Administração Tópica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , População Negra , Ciclopirox , Feminino , Dermatoses do Pé/microbiologia , Dermatoses do Pé/patologia , Humanos , Hiperidrose/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Onicomicose/patologia , Fatores de Risco , Método Simples-Cego , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Serviços Urbanos de Saúde
6.
J Am Podiatr Med Assoc ; 93(3): 167-73, 2003.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12756306

RESUMO

Digital surgery is one of the most common types of surgery performed by foot and ankle surgeons. Flail toe is a complication that may occur after overaggressive resection arthroplasty of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the lesser toes. Correction of flail toe deformity has received little attention and has predominantly involved soft-tissue procedures. The authors' preferred technique for the surgical correction of flail toe is to place a unicortical autogenous bone graft (harvested from the ipsilateral calcaneus) within the revised proximal interphalangeal joint of the lesser toes to create a distraction arthrodesis. This technique allows restoration of digital length, stability, and purchase. A retrospective review of 22 such procedures in 13 patients is presented, along with a literature review of other procedures and a description of the authors' current surgical technique and postoperative management protocol. Overall success using the authors' procedure was 82%. Complications occurred in three patients, with one of the grafts showing complete resorption and two requiring additional surgical intervention owing to nonunion and malunion of toes.


Assuntos
Artrodese/métodos , Ossos do Pé/transplante , Deformidades Adquiridas do Pé/cirurgia , Articulação do Dedo do Pé/cirurgia , Dedos do Pé/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Artroplastia/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Deformidades Adquiridas do Pé/etiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
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