RESUMO
Children with HIV-1 infection and poor growth have a significant increase in the risk of death. We studied the effects of protease inhibitors on the height and weight of 27 HIV-1-infected children and found that in our small pilot study, protease inhibitor therapy had a positive effect on the heights of HIV-1-infected children. Accelerated height velocity was sustained for at least 18 to 20 months.
Assuntos
Estatura/efeitos dos fármacos , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos do Crescimento/prevenção & controle , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Proteases/farmacologia , Adolescente , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologia , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Inibidores de Proteases/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carga ViralAssuntos
Inibidores da Protease de HIV/uso terapêutico , Síndrome de Emaciação por Infecção pelo HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Hormônio do Crescimento Humano/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Estatura , Síndrome de Emaciação por Infecção pelo HIV/metabolismo , HIV-1 , Humanos , Masculino , Inibidores da Transcriptase Reversa/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
This article presents current knowledge about common childhood thyroid gland disorders. Included are congenital and acquired hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, disorders due to iodine deficiency, tumors and miscellaneous conditions. The significance of early diagnosis by screening and institution of treatment of congenital hypothyroidism is emphasized. Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment are discussed.
Assuntos
Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Doença de Graves/diagnóstico , Doença de Graves/terapia , Humanos , Hipotireoidismo/diagnóstico , Hipotireoidismo/terapia , Masculino , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/terapia , Tireoidite/diagnóstico , Tireoidite/terapiaRESUMO
Neonatal meningitis is associated with significant neurologic sequelae. Previous studies from our laboratory and others demonstrated electroencephalography (EEG) to be a useful tool in predicting long-term neurologic outcome in at-risk neonates. We, therefore, retrospectively studied 29 infants with culture-proved neonatal meningitis who died in the neonatal period or survived to follow-up at a mean of 34.4 months. Seventy-five EEGs were obtained during the acute phase of infection; the degree of EEG background abnormality proved to be an accurate predictor of outcome. Infants who had normal or mildly abnormal backgrounds had normal outcomes, whereas those with markedly abnormal EEGs died or manifested severe neurologic sequelae at follow-up. When the EEG was considered with the presence or absence of seizures and the level of consciousness, an accurate prediction of neurologic outcome was obtained in 27 infants (93%). Although the EEG patterns were generally nonspecific, some abnormalities, such as positive rolandic sharp waves, persistent hemispheric or focal voltage attenuation, suggested more specific pathology (i.e., deep white matter necrosis, large-vessel infarction and abscess, respectively). EEG was also valuable for the recognition of subtle and subclinical seizures. Therefore, we conclude that EEG is a valuable tool for predicting the long-term prognoses of infants with neonatal meningitis.
