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1.
J Oral Pathol Med ; 37(8): 504-10, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18331556

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1:200 000. Genotype and phenotype are heterogeneous and clinical morphology impresses with variable expressivity. Additionally to the typical craniofacial and dental aberrations anomalies in the morphology of sella turcica are discussed. METHOD: In a multidisciplinary genetic and clinical study four patients of a family with ARS were screened by direct DNA sequencing. Radiographic analysis of the patients was performed for evaluating cranial and dental structures. Additionally, a specific analysis of the morphology of the sella turcica was made on the radiographs. RESULTS: Screening for PITX2 and FOXC1 mutations revealed a P64L missense mutation in PITX2 in all four patients. The cephalometric analysis showed a midface hypoplasia associated with a skeletal Class III. All patients showed a sella turcica bridge combined with a prominent posterior clinoid process followed by a steep clivus and an elongated sella turcica. CONCLUSION: The incidence of a sella turcica bridge in combination with a PITX2 mutation would suspect that sella turcica anomalies are typical symptoms of the syndrome. Sella turcica anomalies in association with craniofacial and dental aberrations, such as maxillary retrognathia, skeletal Class III relationship and hypoplasia of teeth, might be important indicators for ARS caused by PITX2 mutation.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Craniofaciais/patologia , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto/genética , Sela Túrcica/anormalidades , Anormalidades Dentárias/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Adolescente , Cefalometria , Cromossomos Humanos Par 13/genética , Códon/genética , Fossa Craniana Posterior/anormalidades , Anormalidades Craniofaciais/genética , Citosina , Anormalidades do Olho/patologia , Ossos Faciais/anormalidades , Feminino , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/genética , Heterozigoto , Humanos , Leucina/genética , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/patologia , Maxila/anormalidades , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prolina/genética , Sela Túrcica/patologia , Síndrome , Timina , Anormalidades Dentárias/genética , Adulto Jovem , Proteína Homeobox PITX2
2.
J Synchrotron Radiat ; 13(Pt 4): 314-20, 2006 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16799222

RESUMO

A Ge pixel array detector with 100 segments was applied to fluorescence X-ray absorption spectroscopy, probing the local structure of high-temperature superconducting thin-film single crystals (100 nm in thickness). Independent monitoring of pixel signals allows real-time inspection of artifacts owing to substrate diffractions. By optimizing the grazing-incidence angle theta and adjusting the azimuthal angle phi, smooth extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) oscillations were obtained for strained (La,Sr)2CuO4 thin-film single crystals grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The results of EXAFS data analysis show that the local structure (CuO6 octahedron) in (La,Sr)2CuO4 thin films grown on LaSrAlO4 and SrTiO3 substrates is uniaxially distorted changing the tetragonality by approximately 5 x 10(-3) in accordance with the crystallographic lattice mismatch. It is demonstrated that the local structure of thin-film single crystals can be probed with high accuracy at low temperature without interference from substrates.


Assuntos
Algoritmos , Cristalografia/métodos , Germânio/efeitos da radiação , Cristais Líquidos/análise , Cristais Líquidos/química , Membranas Artificiais , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Espectrometria por Raios X/instrumentação , Espectrometria por Raios X/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Conformação Molecular , Temperatura , Raios X
3.
Ophthalmologe ; 103(5): 393-400, 2006 May.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16683168

RESUMO

PURPOSE: The Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) shows genetic and morphologic heterogeneity and is associated with glaucoma in 50% of the patients. METHODS: Ocular, dental, and systemic anomalies, maximum intraocular pressure (IOPmax), frequency of ARS or glaucoma in the family history (FH), and age at diagnosis (AAD) of 26 consecutively examined patients with ARS and glaucoma or elevated IOP were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: In 65.4% of the patients hypoplasia of the iris was found. Almost 50% of the patients had systemic anomalies, dental anomalies being the most frequent. Of 26 patients, 12 (46.2%) had an ARS in the FH; 57.7% of the patients had a FH of glaucoma with or without ARS. No significant differences in IOPmax and frequency of iris hypoplasia and glaucoma surgery were found when patients with and without ARS in their FH and patients with and without iris hypoplasia were compared. CONCLUSION: Patients with iris hypoplasia and patients with ARS and/or glaucoma in the FH do not show a worse glaucoma prognosis than patients without iris hypoplasia or without a FH of glaucoma or ARS. ARS was diagnosed within the 1st year of life in approximately half of the patients. Therefore, children of ARS patients should be screened as soon as possible to improve early diagnosis of ARS and glaucoma and to improve glaucoma prognosis. As the dental and facial anomalies may require treatment in the first dentition, patients with ARS should be referred to a dentist or orthodontist.


Assuntos
Anormalidades Múltiplas/genética , Glaucoma/genética , Hipertensão Ocular/genética , Anormalidades Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Cromossomos Humanos Par 13 , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Fatores de Transcrição Forkhead/genética , Genes Dominantes , Testes Genéticos , Glaucoma/diagnóstico , Glaucoma/cirurgia , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Humanos , Iris/anormalidades , Manometria , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Maxilofaciais/genética , Hipertensão Ocular/diagnóstico , Hipertensão Ocular/cirurgia , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Síndrome , Anormalidades Dentárias/diagnóstico , Anormalidades Dentárias/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Proteína Homeobox PITX2
4.
J Synchrotron Radiat ; 12(Pt 1): 57-69, 2005 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15616366

RESUMO

This paper accounts for selected detector developments carried out over the past 15 years within the ESRF X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy group. This includes various types of photodiodes used as integrated current detectors. Special emphasis is put on the long-standing development of a Si drift-diode array suitable for energy-dispersive detection of X-ray fluorescence. This detector, which is now operational, was used to record high-quality XMCD/XAFS spectra on [Fe70Pt30] nanoparticles highly dispersed on a Si wafer. Using numerically deconvoluted spectra, energy resolution was decreased to 82 eV for the Si Kalphabeta line, 126 eV for the Fe Kalpha line and 176 eV for the Pt Lalpha line. A high-vacuum-compatible high-energy-resolution crystal analyzer was also installed on ID12, making it possible to record X-ray fluorescence excitation spectra in the photon-in/photon-out mode over a wide spectral range. Prospects of adapting these methods in order to investigate biological samples are briefly discussed.


Assuntos
Espectrometria de Fluorescência/instrumentação , Análise Espectral/instrumentação , Desenho de Equipamento , Fótons , Raios X
5.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11845374

RESUMO

Techniques to separate the airways to both lungs were employed in the laboratory by renowned physiologists like Pflüger and C. Bernard to study gas exchange. Pflüger's catheter, as used by Wolffberg in 1871 in the dog, essentially constituted an early example of endobronchial single lumen tube, and was to be the first airway separator introduced into man by Loewy and v. Schrötter in 1905 in experiments on circulation. As a variation of this device the carinal hook made ist appearance used by Hess in 1912 in rabbits. While the endobronchial catheters afforded airtight access to only one lung at a time for concomitantly studying ventilation in both lungs, a short tracheal cannula was combined with one introduced into the left main bronchus by Head in 1889, constituting as it were the prototype of double lumen (DL) tubes applicable to rabbits and turtles even. Werigo described 1892 a coaxial DL-tracheostomy cannula for dogs which construction principle was adopted in the first DL-bronchoscope used in man. In lung surgery during the 30s and 40s the ventilated lung was prevented from drowning by pus or secretions from the lung under surgery by sealing off ist main bronchus, either by endobronchial intubation or by a bronchial blocker inserted alongside the endotracheal tube. This principle gave rise to sophisticated devices, from the fixed combination of tube and blocker to the present-day tube housing a movable blocker. Remarkably, DL-intubation in its proper sense then was performed in bronchospirometry only. This technique was introduced by Jacobaeus upon suggestion of Liljestrand when dissatisfied with the restriction to sequential spirometry by customary bronchoscopic catheterization, relying on Frenckner's ingenious DL-bronchoscope. Rubber DL-tubes were developed by Gebauer 1939 and Zavod 1940 exclusively with bronchospirometry in mind, even E. Carlens primarily constructed his tube to improve this procedure. After its usage in over 100 bronchospirometries it was introduced for the first time in November 1949 for its familiar purpose: the resection of a tuberculous abscess in the right upper lobe. Once introduced into thoracic anaesthesia, the DL-principle so far fostered a wide variety of tube designs.


Assuntos
Brônquios/anatomia & histologia , Respiração Artificial/história , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Respiratórios , Sistema Respiratório/anatomia & histologia , Animais , História do Século XX , Humanos , Respiração Artificial/instrumentação , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Cirurgia Torácica/história
6.
J Synchrotron Radiat ; 5(Pt 3): 863-5, 1998 May 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15263678

RESUMO

The performance of silicon-drift-detector (SDD) arrays and digital electronics designed for X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the fluorescence excitation mode is reported. Different detectors have been manufactured and tested: two single-channel SDDs with different active areas (10 mm(2) and 1 cm(2)) and a monolithic 2 cm(2) SDD with eight readout anodes. The energy resolution varies between 160 and 170 eV FWHM. A new digital multichannel shaping amplifier has been produced. Its performance is presented in comparison with that of a standard commercial shaper.

7.
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed ; 21(2): 53-9, 1986 Apr.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3524305

RESUMO

An account is given on the development of general anaesthesia at the university clinics of Heidelberg. During the last century mainly chloroform was employed for general anaesthesia. Important events were the first demonstration of Koller's local anaesthesia in the eye in 1884, the first intubation for anaesthesia in Heidelberg, performed by F. Kuhn of Kassel and the development by M. Neu of a rotameter apparatus for nitrous oxide/oxygen anaesthesia in 1910. From 1932 on the surgeon M. Kirschner advanced the methods of high pressure infiltration for regional anaesthesia and segmental hypobaric spinal anaesthesia. In 1951 K. H. Bauer requested R. Frey to set up an "anaesthesia squad" consisting of 2 physicians and 3 nurses to become the nucleus of today's Institute of Anaesthesiology, with O. H. Just as its first professor and chairman.


Assuntos
Anestesia/história , Alemanha , História do Século XIX , História do Século XX , Hospitais Universitários/história
9.
Anasth Intensivther Notfallmed ; 17(1): 15-20, 1982 Feb.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6802018

RESUMO

The haemodynamic effect of combined intravenous administration of 18 mg/h dihydralazine and 0.6 mg/h nitroglycerine was examined in the intraoperative and postoperative phases of cardiac surgery (replacement of the aortic and mitral valve or of both valves, and aortocoronary bypass surgery(. Indication for therapy was supplied by a preoperative cardiac index below 2.8 l/min . m2 and an enhanced peripheral resistance above 1200 dyne . sec . cm-5. During a 19-hour observation period the haemodynamic parameters such as cardiac index (+36%) and stroke index (+19%) increased significantly within the investigated group, whereas the peripheral vascular resistance dropped by 16% and the left atrial pressure by 20%. Arterial mean pressure and heart rate did not change. In a patient group treated exclusively with nitroglycerin, the cardiac index decreased (-8%), while the peripheral vascular resistance increased (+6%); an untreated control group showed an increase of the cardiac index by 5%, whereas there was no appreciable change in peripheral vascular resistance and stroke index. The combined use of dihydralazine and nitroglycerin during the perioperative phase of cardiac surgery appears recommendable, since it is possible by such administration to monitor cardiac preload and afterload due to selectivity of the pharmacological sites of action.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos , Di-Hidralazina/uso terapêutico , Hidralazina/análogos & derivados , Nitroglicerina/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Débito Cardíaco , Feminino , Humanos , Cuidados Intraoperatórios , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cuidados Pós-Operatórios , Volume Sistólico
10.
Exp Pathol ; 19(3): 146-53, 1981.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7250293

RESUMO

The perfusion of the heart, kidneys, adrenals, stomach, intestines, brain and musculature under normobaric hyperoxia was studied in anaesthetized mini pigs using radioactively labelled microspheres. After a 2-hour control period using room air, the influence of normobaric hyperoxia on the perfusion of the organs was measured at 2-hour intervals. A significant increase in the perfusion of tissue was found in the kidneys, adrenals, gastro-intestinal tract and brain after 4-6 hours of exposure. No change in perfusion could be demonstrated for the myocardium. Values for the skeletal musculature (diaphragm and musculus psoas) were widely scattered, but an increase could be suspected. The increase in tissue perfusion at constant blood pressure and pulse rate must be interpreted as an expression of vasodilation. These results are contrary to the majority of statements in the literature, which mainly report vasoconstriction under normobaric hyperoxia.


Assuntos
Pressão Atmosférica , Microcirculação , Microesferas , Consumo de Oxigênio , Glândulas Suprarrenais/metabolismo , Animais , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Sistema Digestório/metabolismo , Feminino , Rim/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Masculino , Perfusão , Suínos
11.
Res Exp Med (Berl) ; 176(2): 97-101, 1979 Dec.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-547327

RESUMO

Following ligation of a single gastric artery total and regional gastric blood flows are measured using radioactive microspheres of 8 mu size. There is no significant influence on total gastric blood flow. Within the depending anatomical region no significant reduction of total wall blood flow can be determined. However, blood flow to the antrum mucosa is reduced to approximately 40% after ligation of any gastric artery. Thus, it can be concluded that ligation or embolisation of a single gastric artery in diffuse gastric bleeding does not necessarily reduce or terminate the bleeding.


Assuntos
Úlcera Péptica Hemorrágica/terapia , Estômago/irrigação sanguínea , Animais , Artérias , Cães , Ligadura
12.
Prakt Anaesth ; 13(2): 91-8, 1978 Apr.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-418392

RESUMO

Due to advances in parenteral feeding the indications for creating access to the central veins in infants and young children have become less strict. The technique of establishing such access by puncture of the internal jugular or subclavian vein is reviewed. Venesection is now indicated only in exceptional cases. The technique of placing a catheter into the umbilical artery or vein is described.


Assuntos
Cateterismo/métodos , Veias Jugulares/cirurgia , Veia Subclávia/cirurgia , Fatores Etários , Cateterismo/instrumentação , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Nutrição Parenteral , Punções/métodos
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