The Pornography Debate: Religiosity and Support for Censorship.

Pornography has become an increasingly salient topic in public discourse. We sought to better understand the role of religiosity in shaping people's support of policy stances against pornography, in the form of censorship, using nationally representative data from the 2014 General Social Survey (n = 1676). Results from logistic regression indicate that high religiosity significantly increases odds of supporting censorship. Holding control variables at their sample means, the least religious persons had a predicted probability of 0.09 of supporting censorship, compared to 0.57 for the most religious respondents. We discuss these findings within the context of the current public health debate.

Sexual Desire and Subjective Distress among Pornography Consumers.

Clients are increasingly seeking professional help related to pornography viewing in the digital age. Given distress is a key reason clients seek help, the purpose of this study was to identify variables associated with it. Drawing from recent literature, we examined the roles of solitary sexual desire, moral incongruence, feelings of dysregulation, and shame-proneness in predicting subjective distress among consumers. Surveys were administered through Amazon Mechanical Turk to US adults (n = 559). Structural equation models supported moderated mediation, where the positive relationship between sexual desire and subjective distress was fully mediated by feelings of dysregulation, and the relationship between sexual desire and feelings of dysregulation was moderated by moral incongruence. Moral incongruence was the largest direct predictor of subjective distress, while shame-proneness was not significantly associated with it. This study points to targets for intervention research, reinforces findings that values play an integral role in how individuals interpret their viewing and whether they feel distressed, and suggests that values may impact how individuals interpret their sexual desire. Implications for practitioners are discussed, including the need for person-in-environment assessment and more holistic care than has traditionally been proposed in the sex addiction field.

Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue among medical social workers in Korea: the role of empathy.

Medical social workers are affected by their clients' suffering, which has an impact on social workers' professional quality of life. This study examined the role of empathy in relation to professional quality of life among medical social workers in South Korea. Using the Professional Quality of Life Scale and Interpersonal Reactivity Index, we found that empathic concern and personal distress were significant components of empathy and were correlated with professional quality of life. Empathic concern was positively associated with compassion satisfaction and negatively associated with burnout. Personal distress was correlated with all components of quality of life: compassion satisfaction, secondary traumatic stress, and burnout. Women had significantly higher levels of burnout than men; religious affiliation was associated with higher levels of compassion satisfaction; and longer years of employment was associated with higher levels of secondary traumatic stress. Medical social workers should be educated on and trained in how empathy can help them address compassion fatigue and promote compassion satisfaction.

Motivational interviewing adherence tools: A scoping review investigating content validity.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to understand the content validity of Motivational Interviewing (MI)as a concept and the relative emphasis of specific MI aspects by assessing MI adherence measures. METHOD: We followed PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Twenty-eight adherence measures were identified. From these, 407 specific MI adherence codes were extracted and submitted to content analysis. RESULTS: Fifteen MI themes emerged, 13 focused on clinician behaviors and 2 on client responses. Four themes (OARS, MI Spirit, evoking motivation, and MI-inconsistent behaviors) accounted for 72% of all codes. No other theme (e.g., preventing/responding to resistance, engaging ambivalence) accounted for more than 6% of codes. One measure assessed 11 of 15 themes; on average, 5.68 themes were assessed with a mean of 14.54 questions per measure. Process and psychometric characteristics of the measures are described. CONCLUSIONS/PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: MI adherence measures agree about the importance of certain aspects of MI but lag behind current research and best skill practice. Considerable variance exists in assessing MI nuances and specific behaviors, suggesting questions about what constitutes MI in practice settings and what should be taught. Importantly, most measures focused only on the counselor's behavior, missing the impact of MI on the client.