RESUMO
Pepino (Solanum muricatum), a member of the Solanaceae family originating from South America, is cultivated globally. However, the cultivation range and suitable habitat of Pepino have not been extensively studied, which hampers the further development of its cultivation industry. Therefore, we aimed at enrich and expand the planting scope of Pepino. Currently, the main cultivation areas of Pepino in China are the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Loess Plateau, where the altitude is above 1000 m. In this study, ArcGIS combined with the MaxEnt model was used for prediction, whose area under curve value was 0.949. The main climatic factors affecting the distribution of Pepino are temperature seasonality, annual means temperature, mean temperature of the coldest quarter, elevation, isothermality, and the climate factors, and their cumulative contribution rate of 87.6%. Pepino's main potential distribution areas are located in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Yunnan Province, Hexi Corridor of Loess Plateau, and low altitude areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The main distribution ranges from 1000 to 2000 m above sea level, and the total suitable area accounts for 20.09% of China's total land area. The prediction results reveal an expanded potential area for Pepino, with no significant migration in the central region of the main potential distribution area by 2050 and 2070. No studies have been conducted on the open-area cultivation of Pepino in northern China. Our findings revealed that the yield and quality in the four experimental sites and final actual cultivation conditions were consistent with the predicted results of MaxEnt. The yiel d per plant in Xunhua and Minhe was significantly different from that in Xining, which was low, and that in Minhe was the highest. Overall, the fruit quality in the Xining region was the lowest among the three regions, which was related to the climatic differences in each region. These results align with the predicted outcomes, indicating that Xining is the least suitable area. Further, these data verify the accuracy of the prediction results. The climate data of the four regions were analyzed simultaneously to elucidate the influence of different climate conditions on the growth of Pepino. Our findings are of considerable significance for introducing characteristic horticultural crops in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and using the MaxEnt model to predict the cultivation range of crops.
RESUMO
Jerusalem artichoke (JA) is a fructan-accumulating crop that has gained popularity in recent years. The objective of the present study was to determine the dynamics of the JA-microbiome during storage. The microbial population on the surface of the JA tuber was determined by next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA amplicons. Subsequently, the changes in carbohydrate and degree of polymerization of fructan in tubers during storage were measured. Among different genotypes of JA varieties, intergeneric differences were observed in the diversity and abundance of bacterial communities distributed on the surface of tubers. Additionally, bacterial diversity was significantly higher in storage-tolerant varieties relative to the storage-intolerant varieties. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and the correlation matrix indicated a relationship between changes in the carbohydrates and microbial community succession during tuber storage. The tuber decay rate correlated positively with the degree of polymerization of fructan. Moreover, Dysgonomonas and Acinetobacter in perishable varieties correlated significantly with the decay rate. Therefore, the bacteria associated with the decay rate may be involved in the degradation of the degree of polymerization of fructan. Furthermore, Serratia showed a significant positive correlation with inulin during storage but a negative correlation with the decay rate, suggesting its antagonistic role against pathogenic bacteria on the surface of JA tubers. However, the above correlation was not observed in the storage-tolerant varieties. Functional annotation analysis revealed that storage-tolerant JA varieties maintain tuber quality through enrichment of biocontrol bacteria, including Flavobacterium, Sphingobacterium, and Staphylococcus to resist pathogens. These results suggested that crop genotype and the structural composition of carbohydrates may result in differential selective enrichment effects of microbial communities on the surface of JA varieties. In this study, the relationship between microbial community succession and changes in tuber carbohydrates during JA storage was revealed for the first time through the combination of high-throughput sequencing, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and high-performance ion-exchange chromatography (HPIC). Overall, the findings of this study are expected to provide new insights into the dynamics of microbial-crop interactions during storage.
