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1.
Behav Brain Res ; 430: 113928, 2022 07 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35597476

RESUMO

Strong evidence has implicated ubiquitin signaling in the process of fear memory formation. While less abundant than ubiquitination, evidence suggests that protein SUMOylation may also be involved in fear memory formation in neurons. However, the importance of amygdala protein SUMOylation in fear memory formation has never been directly examined. Furthermore, while recent evidence indicates that males and females differ significantly in the requirement for ubiquitin signaling during fear memory formation, whether sex differences also exist in the importance of protein SUMOylation to this process remains unknown. Here we found that males and females differ in the requirement for protein SUMOylation in the amygdala during fear memory formation. Western blot analysis revealed that while females had higher resting levels of SUMOylation, both sexes showed global increases following fear conditioning. However, SUMOylation-specific proteomic analysis revealed that only females have increased targeting of individual proteins by SUMOylation following fear conditioning, some of which were heat shock proteins. This suggests that protein SUMOylation is more robustly engaged in the amygdala of females following fear conditioning. In vivo siRNA mediated knockdown of Ube2i, the coding gene for the essential E2 ligase for SUMOylation conjugation, in the amygdala impaired fear memory in males without any effect in females. Importantly, higher siRNA concentrations than what was needed to impair memory in males reduced Ube2i levels in the amygdala of females but resulted in an increase in SUMOylation levels, suggesting a compensatory effect in females that was not observed in males. Collectively, these data reveal a novel, sex-specific role for protein SUMOylation in the amygdala during fear memory formation and expand our understanding of how ubiquitin-like signaling regulates memory formation.


Assuntos
Proteômica , Sumoilação , Tonsila do Cerebelo/metabolismo , Medo/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RNA Interferente Pequeno/metabolismo , Ubiquitinas/metabolismo
2.
J Palliat Med ; 20(4): 409-414, 2017 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27792463

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that pediatricians in all stages of training are uncomfortable managing patients at end of life. Our goal was to create and test a portable reference card to improve pediatric resident education in comprehensive care for children nearing end of life. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of the Pediatric End-of-Life Care Management Reference Card on residents' perceived comfort and knowledge through pre- and post-intervention surveys. The preintervention questionnaires and pocket cards were distributed to all first- and second-year residents, and then a follow-up survey was provided six months later. Based on Likert scales, questions focused on self-reported understanding of palliative care principles and knowledge regarding and comfort in performing end-of-life symptom management. RESULTS: Twenty-six pediatric residents completed pre- and post-intervention surveys. Following receipt of the reference card, no significant changes were noted consistently across all groups of residents. The majority of improvements were noted when comparing second to third year residents, including knowledge and comfort related to pain management, comfort in managing secretions and nausea, and documentation following death. The first to second year residents demonstrated improvement in knowing what language to use to tell a family that their child has died. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that a portable reference card may be a convenient, simple, and useful component of education for pediatric residents in end-of-life care management. This reference card is a foundation from which to develop a standardized educational tool. Additional research is required to assess the impact of this type of intervention in pediatric palliative care education.


Assuntos
Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Cuidados Paliativos/psicologia , Administração dos Cuidados ao Paciente/organização & administração , Pediatras/educação , Pediatria/educação , Assistência Terminal/psicologia , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Atitude Frente a Morte , Lista de Checagem , Criança , Comunicação , Humanos , Internato e Residência , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Administração dos Cuidados ao Paciente/métodos , Pediatras/psicologia , Relações Médico-Paciente , Relações Profissional-Família , Assistência Terminal/métodos , Assistência Terminal/normas
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