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1.
Small ; : e2401902, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38949308

RESUMO

The surface properties of biomaterials interact directly with biological systems, influencing cellular responses, tissue integration, and biocompatibility. Surface topography plays a critical role in cardiac tissue engineering by affecting electrical conductivity, cardiomyocyte alignment, and contractile function. Current methods for controlling surface properties and topography in cardiac tissue engineering scaffolds are limited, expensive, and lack precision. This study introduces a low-cost, one-step degradation process to create scaffolds with well-defined micro-grooves from multilayered 3D printed poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic polyurethane composites. The approach provides control over erosion rate and surface morphology, allowing easy tuning of scaffold topographical cues for tissue engineering applications. The findings reported in this study provide a library of easily tuneable scaffold topographical cues. A strong dependence of neonatal rat cardiomyocyte (NRCM) contact guidance with the multilayers' dimension and shape in partially degraded polylactic acid (PLA)/thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) samples is observed. NRCMs cultured on samples with a layer thickness of 13 ± 2 µm and depth of 4.7 ± 0.2 µm demonstrate the most regular contractions. Hence, the proposed fabrication scheme can be used to produce a new generation of biomaterials with excellent controllability determined by multilayer thickness, printing parameters, and degradation treatment duration.

2.
Cytokine ; 180: 156652, 2024 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38759527

RESUMO

C5a peptidase, also known as ScpA, is a surface associated serine protease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes and has been described as an important factor in streptococcus virulence, capable of cleaving complement components C5a, C3 and C3a. Although the interactions of ScpA with complement components is well studied, extensive screening of ScpA activity against other pro-inflammatory cytokines is lacking. Here, ScpA's ability to cleave human pro-inflammatory cytokines was tested, revealing its ability to cleave human IFNγ, IFNλ1, IFNλ2, C5, IL-37 but with significantly reduced activities. The functional consequence of ScpA's cleavage of IFNγ in its signalling through the Jak-Stat pathway has also been evaluated in an in vitro RPE1 cell model. These newly identified targets for ScpA highlight the complexity of streptococcus infections and indeed, the potential for ScpA to have a therapeutic role in the progression of inflammatory diseases involving these cytokines.


Assuntos
Interferon gama , Interferons , Humanos , Interferons/metabolismo , Interferon gama/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Streptococcus pyogenes/enzimologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular , Interferon lambda , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo
3.
Biochemistry ; 63(9): 1075-1088, 2024 May 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38602394

RESUMO

Aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes (ALDHs) are widely studied for their roles in disease propagation and cell metabolism. Their use in biocatalysis applications, for the conversion of aldehydes to carboxylic acids, has also been recognized. Understanding the structural features and functions of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic ALDHs is key to uncovering novel applications of the enzyme and probing its role in disease propagation. The thermostable enzyme ALDHTt originating fromThermus thermophilus, strain HB27, possesses a unique extension of its C-terminus, which has been evolutionarily excluded from mesophilic counterparts and other thermophilic enzymes in the same genus. In this work, the thermophilic adaptation is studied by the expression and optimized purification of mutant ALDHTt-508, with a 22-amino acid truncation of the C-terminus. The mutant shows increased activity throughout production compared to native ALDHTt, indicating an opening of the active site upon C-terminus truncation and giving rationale into the evolutionary exclusion of the C-terminal extension from similar thermophilic and mesophilic ALDH proteins. Additionally, the C-terminus is shown to play a role in controlling substrate specificity of native ALDH, particularly in excluding catalysis of certain large and certain aromatic ortho-substituted aldehydes, as well as modulating the protein's pH tolerance by increasing surface charge. Dynamic light scattering and size-exclusion HPLC methods are used to show the role of the C-terminus in ALDHTt oligomeric stability at the cost of catalytic efficiency. Studying the aggregation rate of ALDHTt with and without a C-terminal extension leads to the conclusion that ALDHTt follows a monomolecular reaction aggregation mechanism.


Assuntos
Aldeído Desidrogenase , Estabilidade Enzimática , Thermus thermophilus , Thermus thermophilus/enzimologia , Aldeído Desidrogenase/química , Aldeído Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Aldeído Desidrogenase/genética , Especificidade por Substrato , Proteínas de Bactérias/química , Proteínas de Bactérias/metabolismo , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Multimerização Proteica , Cinética , Domínio Catalítico , Sequência de Aminoácidos
4.
J Cheminform ; 16(1): 18, 2024 Feb 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38365724

RESUMO

Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are short chains of amino acids that have shown remarkable potential to cross the cell membrane and deliver coupled therapeutic cargoes into cells. Designing and testing different CPPs to target specific cells or tissues is crucial to ensure high delivery efficiency and reduced toxicity. However, in vivo/in vitro testing of various CPPs can be both time-consuming and costly, which has led to interest in computational methodologies, such as Machine Learning (ML) approaches, as faster and cheaper methods for CPP design and uptake prediction. However, most ML models developed to date focus on classification rather than regression techniques, because of the lack of informative quantitative uptake values. To address these challenges, we developed POSEIDON, an open-access and up-to-date curated database that provides experimental quantitative uptake values for over 2,300 entries and physicochemical properties of 1,315 peptides. POSEIDON also offers physicochemical properties, such as cell line, cargo, and sequence, among others. By leveraging this database along with cell line genomic features, we processed a dataset of over 1,200 entries to develop an ML regression CPP uptake predictor. Our results demonstrated that POSEIDON accurately predicted peptide cell line uptake, achieving a Pearson correlation of 0.87, Spearman correlation of 0.88, and r2 score of 0.76, on an independent test set. With its comprehensive and novel dataset, along with its potent predictive capabilities, the POSEIDON database and its associated ML predictor signify a significant leap forward in CPP research and development. The POSEIDON database and ML Predictor are available for free and with a user-friendly interface at https://moreiralab.com/resources/poseidon/ , making them valuable resources for advancing research on CPP-related topics. Scientific Contribution Statement: Our research addresses the critical need for more efficient and cost-effective methodologies in Cell-Penetrating Peptide (CPP) research. We introduced POSEIDON, a comprehensive and freely accessible database that delivers quantitative uptake values for over 2,300 entries, along with detailed physicochemical profiles for 1,315 peptides. Recognizing the limitations of current Machine Learning (ML) models for CPP design, our work leveraged the rich dataset provided by POSEIDON to develop a highly accurate ML regression model for predicting CPP uptake.

5.
iScience ; 27(1): 108672, 2024 Jan 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38261947

RESUMO

In order to cope with the challenges of living in dynamic environments, animals rapidly adjust their behaviors in coordination with different physiological responses. Here, we studied whether threatening visual stimuli evoke different heart rate patterns in arthropods and whether these patterns are related with defensive behaviors. We identified two sequential phases of crab's cardiac response that occur with a similar timescale to that of the motor arrest and later escape response. The first phase was modulated by low salience stimuli and persisted throughout spaced stimulus presentation. The second phase was modulated by high-contrast stimuli and reduced by repetitive stimulus presentation. The overall correspondence between cardiac and motor responses suggests that the first cardiac response phase might be related to motor arrest while the second to the escape response. We show that in the face of threat arthropods coordinate their behavior and cardiac activity in a rapid and flexible manner.

6.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon ; 30(1): 224-237, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38083834

RESUMO

Approaches to safety culture assessment may have many limits if supported exclusively by quantitative methods. Based on this, a research team developed a quantitative-qualitative approach to assess the maturity of the safety culture on an oil platform. To that end, the team sought to develop and test a method consisting of an initial ethnographic phase followed by four other distinct phases: definition of homogeneous groups; production of customized questionnaires; quantitative evaluation; and qualitative assessment. The results show the emergence of trends, from pre-defined themes in safety culture to specific levels of maturity for each of the homogeneous groups. At the same time, it was perceived that the maturity level of the groups is defined from the daily work practices developed by each one of them. This experience allowed us to propose a framework for assessing the maturity levels of safety culture for the oil and gas industry.


Assuntos
Indústria de Petróleo e Gás , Gestão da Segurança , Humanos , Indústrias
7.
Work ; 77(1): 359-375, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38007628

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: This article discusses expanded governance of territorial issues as the basis for a sustainable way of producing and commercializing, as well as the relevance of work analysis within this governance. This discussion is developed from the Functionality and Cooperation Economy approach and from Brazilian experiences of organic food production and community-based solid waste management. OBJECTIVE: To identify and analyze the relationship between territorial issues and work activities in initiatives that seek territorial solutions for food and waste management in order to reflect on a sustainable economic transition and its challenges. METHODS: This article presents a reflection, a posteriori, concerning the follow-up of two initiatives that seek a sustainable economy and that, facing territorial issues, adopted different economic strategies. The field of research, by which the intended reflections are guided, originated from two intervention projects conducted by two different research/intervention groups. RESULTS: Our study highlights how the central focus on the effects of work in a territory can support the development of reflexivity and, consequently, the production of transversal cooperation and the sharing of material and immaterial resources, thereby leading to multifunctional territorial solutions. CONCLUSION: This study presents how the co-construction of multifunctional territorial solutions, involving cooperation among different actors, can be developed by an analysis of the respective activities involved. This analysis confers centrality to real work in order to feed the governance devices and enable the development of relationships of trust, necessary for living and producing in harmony, along with the construction of conventions and dynamic cooperation.


Assuntos
Gerenciamento de Resíduos , Humanos , Resíduos Sólidos , Brasil
8.
Microbiol Resour Announc ; 13(1): e0025723, 2024 Jan 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38019019

RESUMO

Here, we report the complete genome of four S. enterica Infantis isolated in Costa Rica from human, poultry rinse, and raw chicken meat from 2017 to 2019. All genomes belonged to ST32 and carried a 310-kb plasmid with many antimicrobial resistance genes including the bla CTX-M65 gene.

9.
Vet Surg ; 2023 Dec 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38093590

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To describe the surgical management and outcome of dogs undergoing laparoscopic pancreatic mass resection (LPMR). STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Twelve client-owned dogs. METHODS: Data collected from medical records of dogs that underwent LPMR between 2012 and 2023 included signalment, clinical signs, mass location within pancreas, preoperative diagnostic imaging, laparoscopic approach, number of portals and device type used for LPMR, operating time, complications and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Pancreatic tumors were located in the left lobe (7), in the right lobe (4) and in the body of the pancreas (1). A 3- or 4-port technique was used in nine and three dogs, respectively. LPMR was performed with the Ligasure in nine dogs, a harmonic scalpel in two dogs and an endoscopic stapler in one dog. The procedure was performed successfully, with no conversion to open laparotomy, in all cases with a median operating time of 69 min. Postoperative complications occurred in four dogs, which resolved with medical treatments. All dogs survived the surgical procedure, were discharged from the hospital and alive a minimum of 90 days postoperatively. The final follow-up time ranged between 105 and 245 days (median 147). Histopathological diagnosis included insulinoma (9) and pancreatic carcinoma (3). CONCLUSION: LPMR was performed successfully using a 3- or 4-port technique and was associated with a low complication rate and a good clinical outcome. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: LPMR may be considered as an alternative to open celiotomy in dogs, particularly for small tumors located in the distal aspect of the pancreatic lobes.

10.
Cuad. bioét ; 34(112): 269-278, sept.- dec. 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-227018

RESUMO

Hace 25 años, en 1998, ante la demanda de que la Sanidad Pública asumiera el coste del tratamiento alternativo del cáncer propuesto por el Profesor Luigi Di Bella -que incluía hormonas, vitaminas y, en ocasiones, quimioterapia- el Parlamento italiano aprobó realizar ensayos clínicos con pacientes oncológicos avanzados para conocer la eficacia de esta terapia. Aunque los estudios en fase II paralelos que se llevaron a cabo en diversos tumores demostraron la falta de actividad del esquema, algunos profesionales han seguido empleándolo desde entonces y han publicado unos resultados aparentemente prometedores en diversas revistas científicas. Este ejemplo real plantea tres escenarios éticos interesantes. El primero es el de la ética de los tratamientos alternativos propuestos por profesionales de la medicina o del ámbito académico que no consiguen distinguir entre hipótesis y eficacia real, algo que influye también en las ex pectativas que genera en pacientes y familiares que deben afrontar una patología potencialmente mortal con pocas o ninguna expectativa de curación con los tratamientos tradicionales. El segundo escenario es el del diseño de ensayos clínicos y la buena práctica para llevarlos a cabo, que fue también motivo de debate en relación con el método Di Bella. Y el último, la ética de las publicaciones científicas. Desde el año 2000, los seguidores de Di Bella han publicado 13 trabajos de calidad limitada con series de pacientes, la mayoría de ellos en una revista de pago por publicación en cuyo comité de editores se encuentra Giuseppe Di Bella, hijo del profesor Di Bella (AU)


Twenty-five years ago, in 1998, the Italian Parliament approved to implement clinical trials in patients with advanced cancer to know the efficacy of an alternative cancer treatment that associated hormones, vitamins and, occasionally, chemotherapy proposed by Professor Luigi Di Bella. It was the answer to people demanding Public Health assume the cost of this therapy. Although parallel phase II trials in various tumors demonstrated the lack of activity, some professionals have continued to use this method since then and have published apparently promising results a few various scientific journals. This real example raises three interesting ethical scenarios. The first one is the ethics of alternative treatments proposed by medical pro fessionals or from the academic field. In these cases, the difficulty in differentiating between hypothesis and real efficacy. This problem impacts on patients and relatives’ expectations who must face a potentially fatal disease with little or no hope of a cure with traditional treatments. The second scenario is the design and good practice in the development of clinical trials, which was also the subject of debate in relation to the Di Bella method. And the last one, the ethics of scientific publications. Di Bella’s followers published since 2000 12 papers with limited quality on series of patients treated with his method, the majority in a pay-per-publication journal of which Giuseppe Di Bella, son of Professor Di Bella, is included in the board of editors (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Pesquisa Biomédica/ética , Ética em Pesquisa
11.
Cuad Bioet ; 34(112): 269-278, 2023.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37974308

RESUMO

Twenty-five years ago, in 1998, the Italian Parliament approved to implement clinical trials in patients with advanced cancer to know the efficacy of an alternative cancer treatment that associated hormones, vitamins and, occasionally, chemotherapy proposed by Professor Luigi Di Bella. It was the answer to people demanding Public Health assume the cost of this therapy. Although parallel phase II trials in various tumors demonstrated the lack of activity, some professionals have continued to use this method since then and have published apparently promising results a few various scientific journals. This real example raises three interesting ethical scenarios. The first one is the ethics of alternative treatments proposed by medical professionals or from the academic field. In these cases, the difficulty in differentiating between hypothesis and real efficacy. This problem impacts on patients and relatives' expectations who must face a potentially fatal disease with little or no hope of a cure with traditional treatments. The second scenario is the design and good practice in the development of clinical trials, which was also the subject of debate in relation to the Di Bella method. And the last one, the ethics of scientific publications. Di Bella's followers published since 2000 12 papers with limited quality on series of patients treated with his method, the majority in a pay-per-publication journal of which Giuseppe Di Bella, son of Professor Di Bella, is included in the board of editors.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Vitamina A/uso terapêutico , Vitamina K/uso terapêutico , Itália
12.
Biochem J ; 480(19): 1533-1551, 2023 Oct 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37721041

RESUMO

In this paper, we describe the development of a Dictyostelium discoideum strain deficient in frataxin protein (FXN). We investigated the conservation of function between humans and D. discoideum and showed that DdFXN can substitute the human version in the interaction and activation of the Fe-S assembly supercomplex. We edited the D. discoideum fxn locus and isolated a defective mutant, clone 8, which presents landmarks of frataxin deficiency, such as a decrease in Fe-S cluster-dependent enzymatic functions, growth rate reduction, and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. In addition, the multicellular development is affected as well as growing on bacterial lawn. We also assessed the rescuing capacity of DdFXN-G122V, a version that mimics a human variant present in some FA patients. While the expression of DdFXN-G122V rescues growth and enzymatic activity defects, as DdFXN does, multicellular development defects were only partially rescued. The results of the study suggest that this new D. discoideum strain offers a wide range of possibilities to easily explore diverse FA FXN variants. This can facilitate the development of straightforward drug screenings to look for new therapeutic strategies.

13.
Cureus ; 15(6): e39820, 2023 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37397664

RESUMO

Liposuction is a widely used cosmetic surgery that involves the removal of excess fatty tissue. Although it is generally considered a safe and effective procedure, complications can arise. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication, which can be caused by various factors. Extravasation of blood from vessels damaged by the cosmetic liposuction procedure cause hypovolemia and intravascular depletion, significant factors leading to pre-renal acute kidney injury. In this case report, we present the case of a 29-year-old female patient who developed AKI after undergoing a liposuction and "Brazilian Butt Lift (BBL)" procedure. The patient experienced persistent nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain postoperatively and was admitted to the ICU. The patient's condition gradually worsened over the next few days, and imaging of the abdomen revealed a complex, clotted hematoma in abdominal and pelvic cavities that required surgical intervention. Her care involved a collaborative effort from critical care, plastic surgery, and nephrology specialists. This case highlights the potential complications of cosmetic surgery and the need for comprehensive postoperative care to manage these complications effectively. It also emphasizes the importance of identifying and managing risk factors for AKI during liposuction to minimize the risk of this serious complication.

14.
Mol Pharm ; 20(8): 4041-4049, 2023 08 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37406301

RESUMO

Posttranslational modifications of proteins can impact their therapeutic efficacy, stability, and potential for pharmaceutical development. The Group AStreptococcus pyogenesC5a peptidase (ScpA) is a multi-domain protein composed of an N-terminal signal peptide, a catalytic domain (including propeptide), three fibronectin domains, and cell membrane-associated domains. It is one of several proteins produced by Group AS. pyogenesknown to cleave components of the human complement system. After signal peptide removal, ScpA undergoes autoproteolysis and cleaves its propeptide for full maturation. The exact location and mechanism of the propeptide cleavage, and the impact of this cleavage on stability and activity, are not clearly understood, and the exact primary sequence of the final enzyme is not known. A form of ScpA with no autoproteolysis fragments of propeptide present may be more desirable for pharmaceutical development from a regulatory and a biocompatibility in the body perspective. The current study describes an in-depth structural and functional characterization of propeptide truncated variants of ScpA expressed inEscherichia colicells. All three purified ScpA variants, ScpA, 79ΔPro, and 92ΔPro, starting with N32, D79, and A92 positions, respectively, showed similar activity against C5a, which suggests a propeptide-independent activity profile of ScpA. CE-SDS and MALDI top-down sequencing analyses highlight a time-dependent propeptide autoproteolysis of ScpA at 37 °C with a distinct end point at A92 and/or D93. In comparison, all three variants of ScpA exhibit similar stability, melting temperatures, and secondary structure orientation. In summary, this work not only highlights propeptide localization but also provides a strategy to recombinantly produce a final mature and active form of ScpA without any propeptide-related fragments.


Assuntos
Produtos Biológicos , Streptococcus pyogenes , Humanos , Streptococcus pyogenes/metabolismo , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Sinais Direcionadores de Proteínas
16.
JMIR AI ; 2: e40965, 2023 Nov 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38875558

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: In 2021, the European Union reported >270,000 excess deaths, including >16,000 in Portugal. The Portuguese Directorate-General of Health developed a deep neural network, AUTOCOD, which determines the primary causes of death by analyzing the free text of physicians' death certificates (DCs). Although AUTOCOD's performance has been established, it remains unclear whether its performance remains consistent over time, particularly during periods of excess mortality. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the sensitivity and other performance metrics of AUTOCOD in classifying underlying causes of death compared with manual coding to identify specific causes of death during periods of excess mortality. METHODS: We included all DCs between 2016 and 2019. AUTOCOD's performance was evaluated by calculating various performance metrics, such as sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and F1-score, using a confusion matrix. This compared International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Health-Related Problems, 10th Revision (ICD-10), classifications of DCs by AUTOCOD with those by human coders at the Directorate-General of Health (gold standard). Subsequently, we compared periods without excess mortality with periods of excess, severe, and extreme excess mortality. We defined excess mortality as 2 consecutive days with a Z score above the 95% baseline limit, severe excess mortality as 2 consecutive days with a Z score >4 SDs, and extreme excess mortality as 2 consecutive days with a Z score >6 SDs. Finally, we repeated the analyses for the 3 most common ICD-10 chapters focusing on block-level classification. RESULTS: We analyzed a large data set comprising 330,098 DCs classified by both human coders and AUTOCOD. AUTOCOD demonstrated high sensitivity (≥0.75) for 10 ICD-10 chapters examined, with values surpassing 0.90 for the more prevalent chapters (chapter II-"Neoplasms," chapter IX-"Diseases of the circulatory system," and chapter X-"Diseases of the respiratory system"), accounting for 67.69% (223,459/330,098) of all human-coded causes of death. No substantial differences were observed in these high-sensitivity values when comparing periods without excess mortality with periods of excess, severe, and extreme excess mortality. The same holds for specificity, which exceeded 0.96 for all chapters examined, and for PPV, which surpassed 0.75 in 9 chapters, including the more prevalent ones. When considering block classification within the 3 most common ICD-10 chapters, AUTOCOD maintained a high performance, demonstrating high sensitivity (≥0.75) for 13 ICD-10 blocks, high PPV for 9 blocks, and specificity of >0.98 in all blocks, with no significant differences between periods without excess mortality and those with excess mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that, during periods of excess and extreme excess mortality, AUTOCOD's performance remains unaffected by potential text quality degradation because of pressure on health services. Consequently, AUTOCOD can be dependably used for real-time cause-specific mortality surveillance even in extreme excess mortality situations.

17.
Work ; 73(s1): S253-S264, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36189515

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The need for participative approaches in design is a key concern for Ergonomics. There exists a vast array of philosophies and techniques which may come under the heading of participation, but several of these methods are indeed not really participatory in the real sense of the concept. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to reveal the elements that allow an ergonomic simulation approach to be applied as a design process method centered on the work perspective and anchored on the participation concept. METHODS: This study is centered on the subsequent analysis of a case study: the design of an Onshore Collaborative Center (OCC), in the context of Integrated Operations (IO) of the oil industry. The simulation sessions were filmed and recorded, and a logbook of the progress of the design process was produced daily in order to preserve the memory of the case. RESULTS: The main result of the research highlights that simulation is a method capable of presenting work as an important factor in the transformation of the project, as well as in technical choices, in addition to opening space for different participants and their various perspectives. However, for it to be an effective method of participation, there is the need for a "back and forth" process between work analysis and simulation during the ergonomic simulation approach. CONCLUSION: This study showed which elements support the construction of ergonomic simulation as a method capable of structuring the participation in design process. For this, the simulation must be based on work analysis and articulate the knowledge of different actors for decision-making to allow for new developments while promoting the vision of work as an important decision variable in the design process.


Assuntos
Ergonomia , Indústrias , Humanos , Ergonomia/métodos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Conhecimento , Simulação por Computador
18.
Work ; 73(s1): S189-S198, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36189517

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Ergonomics is increasingly gaining ground in projects in the energy sector, as well as in the continuous process industry, although the discipline is still framing its space in this milieu. This issue emerges from the designers' lack of familiarity with ergonomics work, especially in engineering design projects, combined with the usual expectations of organizations regarding the participation of ergonomists and the deliverables they ought to develop throughout the project. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to report the participation of a team of ergonomists in an oil platform basic design, discussing ergonomics structuring as an emerging design discipline. METHODS: This qualitative study used participant observation as a methodology approach aligned with the theoretical framework of Activity Ergonomics (AE). The data collection occurred between October 2018 and June 2020 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTS: The results show the challenges faced by the ergonomics team and strategies adopted in order to create technical specifications (TS), which will determine the work conditions in the future platforms. An evolution in relation to the practice of Ergonomics during this project can be pointed out, even though part of its scope of action remains to be better understood among the design team. CONCLUSION: Considering oil platform project contexts, this work highlights how ergonomics can help integrate the different rationalities that compose the design process.


Assuntos
Ergonomia , Indústrias , Humanos , Brasil , Ergonomia/métodos , Engenharia , Pesquisa Qualitativa
19.
Work ; 73(s1): S211-S222, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36189518

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The treatment of bad actors consists of analyzing the most triggered alarms at a plant, seeking to make modifications that provide workers with more efficient and safer operational conditions. The consideration of plant operators' practical knowledge in these proposed changes is both an opportunity and a challenge, as specific conditions are required. OBJECTIVE: To present and discuss how an alarm management report (AMR) could support the treatment of bad actors by promoting structured debates on real work situations and its contribution in improving the solutions proposed by alarm management committees (AMCs). METHODS: Data from nine AMC meetings were gathered and parsed using qualitative content analysis to classify the kind of information that the AMC used to justify the proposed changes and how these changes were decided. RESULTS: More than 60% of the changes were justified by information provided by the AMRs, indicating broad application and adoption. However, our findings suggest that the structured debates addressed variability and emerging strategies and may consider entire subsystems instead of single alarms. CONCLUSION: The use of structured debates is feasible for the treatment of bad actors and is an appropriate option that includes operating experience feedback for alarm optimization in industrial facilities.


Assuntos
Gestão da Segurança , Humanos , Indústria de Petróleo e Gás , Retroalimentação
20.
Work ; 73(s1): S199-S209, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36189519

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Ergonomics in design is intended to close the gap between what is designed and the real work. This study discusses the creation of technical ergonomics requirements for the basic design stage of workshops on offshore platforms. OBJECTIVE: This paper intends to show how the ergonomics discipline contributes to integrating knowledge on the real work of the maintenance crew with the design. METHODS: This case study uses procedures, data collection, and analysis guided by the Ergonomics of the Activity's (EA) theoretical framework, focused on design projects. RESULTS: The results show how ergonomics contributed to a better understanding of maintenance work, as well as how this knowledge was integrated into the project design. This occurred both through the construction of a new layout and equipment list, and through the development of technical specifications. These products enable greater operational efficiency, reductions in the costs of alterations in the next stages of the project, and improvement in working conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This work points to the need for new studies on platform maintenance work, in addition to studies that deepen the debate on consolidating ergonomics practice in design projects.


Assuntos
Ergonomia , Humanos , Ergonomia/métodos , Local de Trabalho , Indústria de Petróleo e Gás
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