Life threatening bilateral renal trauma in a child.

Hematuria in children resulting from trauma should be promptly evaluated. Inappropriate management may result in undesirable consequences. Clinicians should have high index of suspicion for genitourinary injuries in pediatric patients. A case is presented of a boy saved by appropriate management following prompt action resulting from high index of suspicion.

Von Hippel-Lindau "Black Forest" mutation inherited in a large Chinese family.

BACKGROUND: The Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) p.Tyr98His (Y98H) mutation is designated as the "Black Forest" founder mutation and has been previously reported in Western countries. This study reports the first recorded Chinese VHL family with the "Black Forest" mutation in Asia. METHODS: Paired whole-exome sequencing (WES), Sanger sequencing and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed on samples from a large Chinese family to confirm the causative mutation and mutation carriers in the family. Clinical manifestations of the family were summarized and compared with those reported from other patients with the VHL Y98H mutation. RESULTS: The Chinese pheochromocytoma (PCC) family was identified as a VHL type 2 family with a Y98H mutation. There were 4 VHL patients and 11 currently healthy individuals with the mutation. Copy number analysis and SDHB IHC were performed to exclude interference from other pathogenic genes of PCC or paraganglioma (PGL). CONCLUSIONS: We report the first recorded instance of a Chinese VHL type 2 family with the "Black Forest" mutation by using WES and Sanger sequencing, which widens the currently recorded presence of the "Black Forest" mutation to China and potentially elsewhere in Asia and indicates that the "Black Forest" mutation does not uniquely evolve in occidental countries. A personalized surveillance approach, which may be more appropriate for affected families, has been recommended to improve quality of life.

Infiltrating mast cells enhance benign prostatic hyperplasia through IL-6/STAT3/Cyclin D1 signals.

Early evidences have showed that mast cells could infiltrate into benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues, but the exact role of mast cells in BPH development remains unclear. In this study, we identified more mast cells existing in human BPH tissues compared with that in the normal prostate. In the in vitro co-culture system, BPH-1 prostate cells promoted activation and migration of mast cells, and mast cells conversely stimulated BPH-1 cells proliferation significantly. Molecular analysis demonstrated that mast cell-derived interleukin 6 (IL-6) could activate STAT3/Cyclin D1 signals in BPH-1 cells. Blocking IL-6 or STAT3 partially reverse the capacity of mast cells to enhance BPH-1 cell proliferation. Our findings suggest that infiltrating mast cells in BPH tissues could promote BPH development via IL-6/STAT3/Cyclin D1 signals. Therefore, targeting infiltrating mast cells may improve the therapeutic effect of BPH.