RESUMO
Potential application of lonidamine (LND) to enhance radiation toxicity in prostate cancer was investigated using human prostate cancer cell lines and a rat tumor model (Dunning MAT LyLu). LND alone was cytotoxic with 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) between 0.5 and 0.8 mM. Preincubation with LND increased clonogenic toxicity of radiation. The sensitizer enhancement ratio was 1.8 to 2.2, depending on the cell line tested and it was consistent with inhibition of repair from potentially lethal damage. LND had limited effect in vivo on the Dunning model, consistent with its in vitro effect on the same cell line. LND did not alter the primary growth of the tumor. Fractionated irradiation caused a 40% decrease in tumor growth. LND injection (50 mg/kg) before fractionation did not cause any further decrease in tumor growth. Radiation dose fractionation and the combination treatment significantly reduced tumor metastasis in lungs.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Indazóis/farmacologia , Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Radiossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Animais , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Ciclo Celular/efeitos da radiação , Terapia Combinada , Reparo do DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Ratos , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Tumorais Cultivadas/efeitos da radiaçãoRESUMO
We report a case of transitional cell carcinoma occurring within an ectopically located upper pole ureter of a completely duplicated collecting system in an 81-year-old man. Presentation, evaluation, and management issues are discussed.
Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células de Transição/diagnóstico , Ureter/anormalidades , Neoplasias Ureterais/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/epidemiologia , Carcinoma de Células de Transição/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias Ureterais/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Ureterais/cirurgiaRESUMO
A series of 897 Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomies were reviewed for the complications of cystoid macular edema, retinal detachment, new onset of glaucoma, and worsened preexisting glaucoma. After Nd:YAG capsulotomy, 11 patients (1.23%; 95% confidence interval, 0.51% to 1.95%) developed cystoid macular edema and eight patients (0.89%; 95% confidence interval, 0.28% to 1.5%) developed a retinal detachment. The new onset of glaucoma was observed in seven patients (0.78%; 95% confidence interval, 0.20% to 1.36%). Five patients (0.56%; 95% confidence interval, 0.07% to 1.05%) with preexisting glaucoma had persistent worsening of their glaucoma. Most patients with a complication had no identifiable risk factors in common. The numbers of laser pulses and energy delivered were not risk factors. Retinal detachment and cystoid macular edema developed most often many months after capsulotomy and many months to years after the cataract surgery. Patients undergoing Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy therefore require ongoing medical observation to detect and treat these serious complications.
