PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM DISORDERS WITH COMORBID CHRONIC PANCREATITIS AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE.

OBJECTIVE: The aim: To determine glycemic condition, regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, degree of insulin resistance in patients with chronic pancreatitis with its isolated course and with comorbid COPD and diabetes mellitus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Materials and methods: 110 patients with chronic pancreatitis were examined. The first group of patients included 38 individuals with an isolated course of chronic pancreatitis (1 group), 2nd group included 35 patients with chronic pancreatitis and COPD, 3rd group included 37 patients with chronic pancreatitis and COPD and type 3c diabetes mellitus. The control group (CCOPD) included 32 individuals with isolated COPD, the control group (CDM) includes 34 individuals with isolated type 2 diabetes mellitus. All the patients were examined for functional state of the pancreas and carbohydrate metabolism was assessed. RESULTS: Results: Patients suffering from chronic pancreatitis with COPD and diabetes mellitus developed 3.2 times increased glucose concentration on an empty stomach. Blood glucagon content in all patients was lower in comparison with that of practically healthy individuals which is indicative of an insufficient glucagon secretion by α-cells of the pancreas. Pancreatic polypeptide content in the blood was lower in patients with chronic pancreatitis and COPD and T3c diabetes mellitus in comparison with the reference value. CONCLUSION: Conclusions: A comorbid course of chronic pancreatitis with exacerbated COPD is associated with more intensive disturbances in carbohydrate metabolism regulation and glycaemia parameters in comparison with an isolated course of chronic pancreatitis. In case comorbidity includes a chronic pancreatitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and diabetes mellitus, the most unfavorable glycemic profile is found which is indicative of carbohydrate metabolism decompensation.

Inkjet-printed aligned quantum rod enhancement films for their application in liquid crystal displays.

Semiconductor quantum rods (QRs) show a polarized emission, which opens up the possibility of the enhancement of both brightness and color for liquid crystal displays (LCD) in the form of quantum rod enhancement films (QREFs) for LCD backlights. However, the QR alignment over a large area, suitable for displays, is a challenge. Inkjet printing of QREFs, introduced here, allows fabrication of well-aligned, uniform QREFs on photoaligned substrates using optimized QR inks. We observed that the ink composition and printing conditions affect the QR alignment quality significantly. A relative humidity of 50% with an exposure energy of 1 J cm-2 for the photoalignment process provided optimal conditions for QREFs. We have successfully shown a good QR alignment for 2.5-inch films and were able to align QRs in multiple layers. Thus, fabricated QREFs show a polarization ratio of 7.2 : 1 for the emitted light. These QREFs were combined with a blue LED and deployed as a backlight unit for an LCD which shows a brightness of ∼250 nits with an optical efficiency of ∼8%, reaching an NTSC of 109% in a CIE1976 color space. Thus, these printed QREFs, over a large area, provide an unprecedented increase of 77% in the optical efficiency of the LCDs and simultaneously offer better color performance.

The role of hydrogen sulfide in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Introduction: The steady increase in the incidence of comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis against the background of obesity in people of working age in Ukraine and in the world stipulates the need of investigation of the mechanisms of interconnection and the search for new factors of the pathogenesis of progression of this comorbid pathology. Attention to the role of hydrogen sulfide in the development of fibrosis has only been recently paid. The aim: To establish the role of hydrogen sulfide in the mechanisms of progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis against the background of obesity. Material and methods: Materials and methods: 100 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have been examined, including 49 with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and obesity of the 1st stage: group 1 ­ 28 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2B GOLD); group 2 ­ 23 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3C, D); group 3 ­ 25 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2B) with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; group 4 ­ 24 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3C, D) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. The average age of patients was (47.3±3.1) years. There were 20 apparently healthy persons of the corresponding age and sex in the control group. Results: The received data confirm that patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease secondary to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which developed against the background of obesity, suffer from a significant increase in the synthesis of collagen and glycoproteins, accompanied by an ineffective resorption of newly formed collagen due to insufficient activation of collagenolysis and proteolysis, a significant imbalance in the connective tissue metabolism system, which leads to progressive fibrosis of the lungs and liver and disturbances of their functions. This was caused by the disorder of H2S homeostasis, confirmed by the data of correlation analysis. Conclusions: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which developed against the background of obesity, are characterized by a significant increase in the synthesis of collagen and glycoproteins, which was accompanied by an ineffective resorption of newly formed collagen against the background of substantial activation of proteinase inhibitors (α2-MG), accompanied by the hyperproduction of nitrogen monoxide, endothelin-1, hyperlipidemia, deficiency of hydrogen sulfide liberation.