[From intelligibility to comprehension, which measurement in practice?]. / De l'intelligibilité à compréhensibilité de la parole, quelles mesures en pratique clinique?

UNLABELLED: The modelling of the tests assessing speech disorders in touch with the international classification of the functioning implies a reflection on measurement tools. The access to the sense of the message from decoding of the signal to the action infers at the interlocutor's justifies various methods. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the limit of the usual tests of intelligibility. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A population of 10 subjects presenting a speech disorder secondary to a Head and Neck cancer and 2 subjects controls recorded a corpus of 80 syllables developed with the most frequent 16 French consonants and 5 vowels. The test of intelligibility consisted of a task of identification of consonants by a jury of 11 listeners. RESULTS: About is the method used to estimate the informative value of the consonants tested, the uvular consonant /r/ and the nasal In/, /m/ are very well perceived. The weighting by the rate of confusion makes tipped over the position of labiodentales If/, /v/ and that of / p/. The just perception of the sound/p/ would be underestimated while sounds /v/ and /f/ would be overestimated. Sounds /g/, /k/, /j/ remain the least well received. This observation results probably from the profile of distortions produced by the selection of the population and probably from the frequency of the syllables containing these consonants in the french language for the sample of the corpus. CONCLUSION: The rate of confusion appears as a fundamental element, inciting to look for more relevant methods of analysis of the results of the tests of intelligibility.

[Free sorting task of speech disorders by expert and non-expert listeners]. / Catégorisation libre dans les troubles de la production pathologique de la parole.

Understood the strategies underlying the perception of speech motor disorders (SMD) is useful for the management of people with this kind of disorders. Our hypothesis was that intelligibility of speech is a dramatic decision factor for the classification of speech production independently of the type of listeners. Two types of listeners: 15 experts (logopedists and phoniatricians), and 15 non experts (students in the field of heath care without any experience) participated at this study performing a free sorting task of 33 stimuli. The stimuli are a sentence readed by 13 control subjects and 20 subjects with a SMD of several kinds of etiologies. The methodology used for the analysis is the visualization of proximity trees by a sorting mathematical algorithm and the analysis of the free commentaries as a discourse. The results confirm that the degree of alteration of intelligibility is the main factor distributed in the sorts, but the reference to the "normality" is an other strong criteria and this notion is frequently associated with a description of the stimuli at a level of voice more than a level of speech. These results lead to a new hypothesis of a classification of perception of speech included a speech disorders, determined at an extremity by a comparison with a "prototype of normality" and at the other extremity by the characteristic of "intelligibility or understandibility" reinforcing some concepts of speech rehabilitation.