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1.
Womens Health Issues ; 2024 Apr 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38570240

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Even in the small number of U.S. states with paid parental leave (PPL) programs, studies have found awareness of PPL remains low and unevenly distributed among parents. Moreover, little is known about whether parents with perinatal health complications have unmet needs in obtaining information about and support for accessing parental leave during that time. This study aims to address this research gap. Given the strong evidence linking paid leave with improvements in maternal and infant health, it is critical to evaluate access among vulnerable populations. METHODS: We used a multiple methods approach, including a subset of the 2016-2017 Bay Area Parental Leave Survey of Mothers (analytic sample = 1,007) and interview data from mothers who stayed at a neonatal intensive care unit in 2019 (n = 7). All participants resided at that time in California, a state that offers PPL. The independent variable for the survey analysis was a composite measure of perinatal complications, quantified as binary with a value of 1 if respondents reported experiencing any of the four complications: poor maternal mental health during or after pregnancy, premature birth, or poor infant health. Dependent variables for the survey analysis measured lack of support or information for accessing PPL. We used linear probability models to assess the relationship between perinatal complications and PPL support. Thematic analysis was conducted with the interview data to understand how perinatal complications shape the process of accessing PPL. RESULTS: Survey results revealed that parents with perinatal complications had a lower understanding of PPL benefits and low overall support for accessing leave, including from employers, compared with parents without perinatal complications. From interviews, we learned that perinatal complications present unique challenges to parents navigating PPL. There were multiple entities involved in managing leave and providing information such as the benefits coordinator and employers. Supervisors were reported as providers of critical emotional and financial support. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, the findings from surveys and interviews suggest that health care and human resources personnel should be better equipped to provide information and support, particularly to those who experience perinatal complications and might struggle to complete paperwork while facing health challenges.

2.
Jt Comm J Qual Patient Saf ; 46(11): 608-616, 2020 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32893178

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Safe patient handling and mobility (SPHM) programs recommend having champions, but have not indicated how to identify them and have confined their role to peer-based activities, limiting their ability to influence control measures. METHODS: In a pilot program conducted at a community access hospital in Oregon, researchers applied social network analysis (SNA) of safety advice to identify champion candidates. Candidates were invited to complete mobility, communication, and quality improvement (QI) training modules to become champions. Champions' roles included peer-based instruction and participation in QI quarterly meetings with hospital leaders. The program process was evaluated through weekly e-mail check-ins and documentation of quarterly meetings. Outcomes were evaluated with a pre-post design, observing 12-month changes in self-reported leading indicators and Good Catch reports, as well as trends in patient-assist injuries (2011-2019). RESULTS: SNA identified six candidates, four of whom became champions. Champions completed 48 weekly logs. The quarterly meetings concerned unitwide SPHM training, equipment storage, and onboarding. Results showed significant improvements in equipment use, safety participation, and safety compliance, particularly among workers who would seek SPHM advice from champions or recently hired workers. Compared with the prior year, the Good Catch monthly entries increased from 11.69 to 28.81. The average annual incidence rate of patient-assist injuries dropped from 13.01 for the six years before the program to 3.7 per 100 full-time equivalents (FTE) for the two years after. CONCLUSION: A program with SNA-identified and QI-trained champions improved safety outcomes after one year. Better-designed evaluations are needed to establish the replicability and long-term impact of this program.


Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde , Análise de Rede Social , Humanos , Oregon , Grupo Associado , Melhoria de Qualidade
3.
Health Equity ; 3(1): 117-123, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30989153

RESUMO

Purpose: Paid parental leave (PPL) policies offer immense opportunity to enhance health equity by providing financial stability to workers and promoting the health of families in the United States. Working in partnership with a local county government, which recently adopted a paid leave policy, we engaged in a qualitative substudy to enhance our understanding of how workers perceived and experienced the policy across levels of the socioecological framework. Methods: Working in partnership with Multnomah County, a large public-sector employer in Portland, OR that recently adopted a PPL policy, we collected qualitative data through focus groups with employees. Data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically. Results: We conducted seven focus groups with county employees (N=35) in the fall of 2017. Three major themes emerged from the focus group data: intersectional inequities, disparities by department, and uneven benefits. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the inequities of experience with the PPL policy across employees at individual, organization, and environmental levels. These findings offer insight and guidance for entities considering the adoption and implementation of such policies to consider concrete steps to enhance equity of access and experience.

4.
Appl Ergon ; 68: 132-137, 2018 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29409627

RESUMO

This study applied Social Network Analysis (SNA) to test whether advice-seeking interactions among peers about safe patient handling correlate with a higher frequency of equipment use. Patient-care workers (n=38) at a community hospital in Oregon nominated peers they would consult for advice regarding safe patient handling. Results show a positive correlation between identifying more peers for safe patient handling advice and using equipment more frequently. Moreover, nurses with more reciprocal advice seeking nominations used safe patient handling equipment more frequently. However, employees who would be more consulted about safe patient handling by their peers did not use equipment more frequently than nurses with fewer nominations. Despite the small sample size, the magnitude of the adjusted regressions coefficients ranged between 3 to 4 standard deviations. These results suggest that having more or reciprocal sources of peer-based support may trigger ergonomic related behaviors such as frequent utilization of equipment.


Assuntos
Movimentação e Reposicionamento de Pacientes/psicologia , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/psicologia , Grupo Associado , Recursos Humanos em Hospital/psicologia , Apoio Social , Local de Trabalho/psicologia , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Ergonomia , Feminino , Humanos , Oregon , Gestão da Segurança
5.
Am J Ind Med ; 61(2): 181-185, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29159835

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Night work and prolonged work hours increase the risk for workplace aggression, however, the risk related to precarious schedules remains unknown. METHODS: Cross-sectional study among Parole Probation Officers (PPOs) (n = 35). A precarious schedules index was created including the following indicators (a) experiencing one or more unexpected shifts during the last 4 weeks; (b) having minimal control over work hours; and (c) shifts notifications of less than a week. Generalized Poisson Regressions estimated the association between precarious schedules and self-reported client-based aggressive incidents (verbal, threating, property, or physical) during the last 12 months. RESULTS: Workplace aggression was highly prevalent (94.3%). PPOs who experienced precarious schedules (74.3% prevalence) had an adjusted rate of workplace aggression 1.55 times greater than PPOs without precarious schedules (IRR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.25, 1.97, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Precarious schedules were associated with workplace aggression. Further research ought to examine whether improving schedule predictability may reduce client-based aggression.


Assuntos
Agressão , Admissão e Escalonamento de Pessoal/estatística & dados numéricos , Polícia , Violência no Trabalho/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estresse Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Projetos Piloto , Prevalência , Análise de Regressão , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
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