[Genetic implications and therapeutic possibilities in the course of hereditary macular pathology and vitreoretinopathies]. / Implicatii genetice si posibilitati terapeutice în heredoipatii maculare evolutive si vitreoretinopati.

There are many hereditary diseases in ophthalmology including retinal dystrophies--diseases of great heterogeneity requiring genetic determination, individual or in entire family.

[Posttraumatic hyphema with secondary glaucoma]. / Hifema postcontuziva cu glaucom secundar.

The authors present in detail (symptoms, signs, predisposing factors, complications, treatment) one of the most common signs seen in the eyeball contusion--traumatic hiphema. There are presented concepts for proper treatment of hiphema with secondary glaucoma and for relapsing hiphema.

[Effect of hemodialysis in retinal circulations]. / Impactul sedintei de hemodializa asupra circulatiei retiniene.

In patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were recorded and studied by various authors multiple eye damage with time. Studying the literature we conducted a study to assess the impact of intradialitic-interdialitic and postdialitic volemic game above the retinal circulation. By measuring diameters of retinal circulation after processing the digital fundus, we found that, 30 minutes after hemodialysis session takes a degree of dilatation of retinal vessels, permanent vascular insult that can be responsible for stroke and ischamic eye and coronary diseases of these patients.

[The impact of hemodialysis on retinal circulation]. / Impactul sedintei de hemodializa asopra circulatiei retiniene.

In patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis were recorded and studied by various authors multiple eye damage with time. Studying the literature we conducted a study to assess the impact of intradialitic-interdialitic and postdialitic volemic game above the retinal circulation. By measuring diameters of retinal circulation after processing the digital fundus, we found that, 30 minutes after hemodialysis session takes a degree of dilatation of retinal vessels, permanent vascular insult that can be responsible for stroke and ischamic eye and coronary diseases of these patients.

[Normal tension glaucoma]. / Glaucomul cu tensiune normala sau paradigma iluziei de normalitate.

Normal Tension Glaucoma is known to be a special form of glaucoma which is still a matter of dispute in its etymologic, diagnostic, therapeutic aspects and in its terminology. The diagnosis of normal tension glaucoma is by elimination of other disorders by pachymetry, tonometric curve, neurologic examination and sometimes MRI. What remains may be a locus minoris of general pathology.

The surface of the eye--a superficial entity with deep repercussions.

The surface of the eye is an anatomical and functional entity with a relatively recent delimitation but with significant therapeutic and diagnostic consequences. The pathology of the conjunctive and cornea must be approached by looking at the interrelations between the two tissues that are so different anatomically and functionally but in the same time form a unit in structuring the eye's surface. There are two major categories of relations between the two tissues: one of them is mediated by lachrymal secretion, a process whose complexity is not yet fully understood, and the other is germinal, referring to the stem cells located at the limbus which become epithelial cornea cells that can fixate lachrymal fluid. Imbalances in the quantity and quality of lachrymal secretion can be compensated, up to a certain point, by artificial products, but in severe cases only specially prepared autologous serum can compensate the deficit. The limbic deficits that affect stem cells require complex therapeutic procedures like limbic cell transplant, using an amniotic membrane or autologous serum.

[Assessment of compressive optic neuropathy in hipofizar tumors]. / Evaluarea neuropatiei optice de compresie in tumorile hipofizare- aspecte morfologice calitative si cantitative.

PURPOSE: Assessment of optic nerve head configuration in eyes with compressive optic neuropathy due to pituitary tumors--morphological aspects of "band atrophy" (documented by fundus biomicroscopy and digital stereo disc photography) and quantitative analysis of topographic changes (testing the abilities of HRT and OCT in detection and analysis the specific pattern of nerve fiber layer loss in chiasmal compression). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Optic disc morphological assessment of compressive optic neuropathy in 56 patients with pituitary macroadenomas (documented by direct ophthalmoscopy, fundus biomicroscopy using Volk lens of 90 degrees and digital stereo disc photography using Zeiss Visucam digital camera). Stereometric analysis of "band atrophy" using HRT in 9 cases and OCT in 5 cases. RESULTS: The optic disc morphology evaluation of the 54 patients showed bilateral "band atrophy" in 7 cases, different evolutive aspects (temporal pallor, global pallor, optic disc cupping) in 29 cases and normal configuration in 5 cases. HRT evaluation: overestimation of rim parameters and underestimation of cup parameters; reduction of the RNFL thickness and RNFL cross sectional area in 6 cases; reduction of HVC values in 6 eyes and positive values in 1 eye. OCT analysis of the Avg. thickness: outside normal limits values in 6 eyes and borderline values in 4 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: HRT quantified RNFL thickness reduction for the long standing pituitary macroadenomas, its sensitivity increasing with the advanced stage of the compression, but lacking OCT's specificity. OCT is the election technique for documenting RNFL loss in compressive optic neuropathy due to pituitary tumors, more objective than conventional methods, especially in the process of postoperative management (subtle structural alterations being early detected before functional loss recordings.

[Principles of treatment in ocular burns regarding the ocular surface and limbal stem cells]. / Principii de tratament ale arsurilor oculare in lumina conceptului de suprafata oculara si celule stem limbice.

The term ocular surface emphasizes the functional interdependence of the nonkeratinizing epithelium of cornea and conjunctiva. The limbal stem cells are responsible for replacement of corneal epithelium following ocular surface injuries. Over the past decades important advances in the management of chemical injury have occurred based on the application of theories on ocular surface and limbal stem cells.