Hydrogen Bonds in Bis(1H-benzimidazole-κN3)cadmium(II) Dibenzoate: Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and AIM Perspective.

The coordination complex bis(1H-benzimidazole-κN3)cadmium(II) dibenzoate has been synthesized and characterized by single crystal diffraction analysis. Cadmium center is six coordinated and formed a distorted octahedron coordinated geometry. The Hirshfeld analysis shows that in the dnorm-surface of the compound, there are dark red spots near the hydrogen-bonds acceptor and donor atoms, while intermolecular interactions result in faint-red spots. The AIM analysis was performed, there exist a BCP in each N(C)-H∙∙∙O hydrogen bond, the bond paths also can be seen, the |V(b)|/G(b) < 1 and the H(b) > 0, the interaction is indicative of being a closed shell. The TG results are consistent with the X-ray diffraction structure.

Immune Responses Following BCG Immunization of Infants in Uganda and United Kingdom Are Similar for Purified Protein Derivative but Differ for Secretory Proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Introduction: The immunogenicity of BCG vaccination in infants differs between populations. We hypothesized that prenatal exposure to mycobacterial antigens might explain the differences in immune responses to BCG seen in other studies of infants in Africa and the United Kingdom (UK) and we explored this in birth cohorts in Uganda and the UK. Materials and Methods: Blood samples were obtained from BCG-immunized infants of mothers with (n = 110) and without (n = 121) latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in Uganda and BCG-immunized infants of mothers without LTBI (n = 25) in the UK at 10 and 52 weeks after birth. Cytokine and chemokine responses to PPD were measured to assess responses to BCG immunization, and to ESAT6/CFP10 to assess exposure to or infection with M. tuberculosis or non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in 6-day whole blood culture supernatants by a 17-plex Luminex assay. Median responses were compared between Ugandan infants (together, and separated by maternal LTBI status) and UK infants. Results: The IFN-γ response to BCG vaccination was similar between Ugandan and UK infants at 10 and 52 weeks. At week 52, TNF production was marginally higher in Ugandan infants, but after adjusting for multiple comparisons this difference was not significant. At weeks 10 and 52, stimulation of blood with ESAT6/CFP10 produced significantly higher IFN-γ, TNF, IL-12p40, IL-1α, IL-1ß, IL-1Ra, IP-10, MIP-1α, MIP-1ß, and GM-CSF in Ugandan compared to UK infants. Stimulation of blood with ESAT6/CFP10 produced significantly higher amounts of IL-8 (p = 0.0001), IL-10 (p = 0.0022), and IL-13 (p = 0.0020) in the UK than in Ugandan infants of mothers without LTBI at week 10, but not at week 52. Conclusions: Immune responses to mycobacterial antigens following BCG immunization are similar for PPD, but differ for ESAT6/CFP10, between infants in Uganda and the UK. Neither maternal LTBI nor infant exposure to or infection with mycobacteria impacts the response to BCG. The observed global differences in immune response to BCG immunization are likely to be due to other causes.

The construction and implementation of disaster relief medical teaching system / 中华医学教育探索杂志

To cultivate a strong comprehensive ability and literacy of the rescue medical talent, our school built a "one popular two professional three open training" trinity of the teaching system, opened the first aid course for freshmen and set up basic disaster rescue medicine professional courses for the senior medical students.Three student volunteer service teams carried out first aid training for the social population. The teaching system was combined with a disaster relief knowledge, ability and professional accomplish-ment and carried out multi-form disaster rescue simulation scenarios practice teaching,disaster relief school teaching and service society combined, which were all the characteristics of this teaching system. After five years of practice,medical students' disaster relief capacity and quality improved significantly.

Analysis to Unreasonable Prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective By investigating the quality and unreasonable prescription of traditional Chinese medicine in our hospital, to analyze the reason and thus put forward the solution and elevate the whole rational administration level in our hospital. Methods 3000 prescriptions prescribed in our hospital from April 2008 to April 2009 were randomly investigated. Select the unreasonable prescriptions and unreasonable use of medicines in a prescription for statistical analysis. Results There were 258 unreasonable prescriptions among spot-check 3000 sheets of prescriptions, reaching 8.6%. There were 633 unreasonable medications, including oversized or excessively small dosage, improper compatibility, repeated medications, etc. Conclusion There is the phenomena of unreasonable prescription in our hospital. Therefore, we should reinforce the management of prescribing medicines and enhance the level of reasonable medication.

Development of the Data Processing Program of Digoxin and Adjustment of Effective Blood Drug Concentration Range / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To develop the data processing program of Digoxin blood drug concentration(DBDP)and to determine the range of effective blood concentration of Digoxin.METHODS:The DBDP program was developed by VISUAL BASIC6.0and run in Windows95system.The data of blood drug concentration,which was determined with flurescence polarization immunoassay(FPIA)in our hospital,was analyzed with DBDP program and effective blood drug concentration range of Digoxin was set up.RESULTS:The DBDP program integrated functions including pharmacokinetic parameter estimation,establishment of the effective blood drug concentration range,management of the data of the blood drug concentration moni?toring,automatic addition of patient's file,multifunctional fuzzy searching,retrospective analysis and clinical query about drug use.The effective blood drug concentration range of Digoxin was0.58～2.01ng/ml.CONCLUSION:The DBDP program is a very practical tool for the development of therapeutic drug monitoring and it is very necessary to develop blood drug concen?tration monitoring and establish the effective blood drug concentration range.

High Selective Synthesis of 11?-hydroxycanrenone by Biotransformation / 微生物学通报

Canrenone is an important intermediate for the synthesis of eplerenone,a cardiovascular drug.C_ 11 ?-hydroxylation of canrenone is the key reaction,which can be done by microbial transformation.Rhizopus sp.SIPI-0602,kept in our lab,could high selectively transform canrenone to a compound named SIPI-11.By determining and analyzing the MS,UV,NMR etc.spectra of compound SIPI-11,its chemical structure was elucidated to be 11?-hydroxycanrenone.The study on flask transformation technology showed that the transformation ratio exceeded 90% when the substrate concentration was not more than 6g/L.