RESUMO
The two main categories of pain, nociceptive and neuropathic, are caused by tissue damage and nerve damage respectively. Psychogenic pain is also described in the literature but it is becoming a pejorative term as the concept of central control of pain is now gaining momentum. There is considerable overlap in brain areas that deal with pain and where mood disorders develop. Some neurotransmitters, e.g. serotonin and noradrenaline, are involved in receiving and processing signals and regulate mood as well. It is no coincidence that many drugs used to treat mood disorders are effective when used for pain relief. This article highlights this interplay of neurotransmission and affective/pain symptomatology.
Assuntos
Transtornos do Humor , Neuralgia , Dor Nociceptiva , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos , Transmissão Sináptica/fisiologia , Humanos , Transtornos do Humor/metabolismo , Transtornos do Humor/fisiopatologia , Neuralgia/metabolismo , Neuralgia/psicologia , Dor Nociceptiva/metabolismo , Dor Nociceptiva/psicologia , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/metabolismo , Transtornos Psicofisiológicos/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Parkinson's disease has a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity including depression. This review highlights the epidemiology, aetiology and diagnosis of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. Recommendations are made on treatment and a closer partnership between neurology and psychiatry.
Assuntos
Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Depressivo/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Parkinson/complicações , Antidepressivos/efeitos adversos , Antiparkinsonianos/efeitos adversos , Transtorno Depressivo/diagnóstico , Transtorno Depressivo/etiologia , Humanos , Doença de Parkinson/psicologia , Fatores de RiscoAssuntos
Anticonvulsivantes/uso terapêutico , Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Fibromialgia/diagnóstico , Fibromialgia/tratamento farmacológico , Comorbidade , Depressão/complicações , Depressão/epidemiologia , Fibromialgia/complicações , Fibromialgia/epidemiologia , Humanos , Dor/etiologiaRESUMO
Although there appears to be a decline in its use, lithium is still used extensively in the UK to treat bipolar disorder. However, lithium can be quite toxic and lead to long-term problems, rarely death. Therefore, doctors need to carefully monitor patients taking lithium and seek appropriate advice whenever concerns are raised.
