Association of the Antidepressants and the Periodontal Status: An Original Research.

Antidepressants have anti-inflammatory effects and boost immunity, and dentists should be aware. This case-control study included only those patients who consented to take part and had a ham-d score of at least 16 and a diagnosis of moderate-to-severe depression. Inclusion criteria included adults, those experiencing moderate to severe depression, taking fluoxetine or venlafaxine, and those with twenty or more teeth. Exclusion criteria included tobacco chewers, smokers, women expecting or nursing, periodontal treatment, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory medication, or vitamin/nutritional supplements. Patients who had had surgery or other therapy were excluded from the study. Three groups of patients were created: Control, venlafaxine, and fluoxetine. A periodontist assisted in the dental examination, and indices were observed. The analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Number, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to present the values. Results showed that antidepressants may be a risk factor for periodontal health, with increased periodontal parameters, and concluded that It is crucial to frequently check the periodontal health of depressed people using fluoxetine or venlafaxine since these drugs put good periodontal tissues at risk.

Assessment of Microgap and Microbial Leakage of Two Different Implant-abutment Interfaces: An In Vitro Study.

AIM: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate Titanium and Bioneck TRI implant-abutment interfaces for microgaps and microbiological leakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this in vitro experiment, 40 dental implants were split into two groups, each of which had 20 samples. Group I: Titanium dental implant, group II: Bioneck TRI. E. coli strain was cultivated in MacConkey media for 24 hours at 37°C. To achieve a bacterial concentration of 1 × 108 colony-forming units per mL at 0.5 scale of MacFarland, the brain-heart infusion (BHI) broth was injected. The CFU count was done to evaluate the microbial leakage. The parts were first submerged, carefully cleaned in an ultrasonic bath, and then installed using a digital torque meter with a 20 N/cm preload. These were attached to a stub of approximately 13 mm using carbon tape, and the microgap evaluation was performed using a scanning electron microscope at a magnification of x1000. Unpaired t-test was used for the calculated data's statistical analysis. The p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: The maximum microbial leakage was in Bioneck TRI implants (10000 ± 0.01) followed by Titanium dental implants (8.60 ± 3.16). The mean difference was 9991.40 and there was a statistically significant difference found between the two different groups. The maximum microgap was found in the Bioneck TRI implants (9.72 ± 0.96), followed by Titanium dental implant (6.82 ± 1.10) and there was a statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The present study concluded that the microorganisms can infiltrate the microgap between the implant and abutment interface. When compared with Titanium dental implants, Bioneck TRI implants showed significantly higher levels of microbial leakage. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: A microgap between the implant and abutment connection might operate as a bacterial source, may produce inflammation, even osseointegration in danger, and subsequently alter clinical and histological parameters. Therefore, having an understanding of the compatible components aids in overcoming treatment planning challenges.

GCF Resistin As A Novel Marker in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis.

BACKGROUND: The associational studies between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis are less documented, although they are found to have similar inflammatory pathogenesis. Resistin, a novel adipokine is suggested to be a common link between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the present study was to reinforce the inter-relationship between periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis by using resistin as a potent inflammatory marker. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Hundred patients (aged >30 y) of either sex were selected for this study and were divided equally into four groups of 25 patients each. Group A consisted of healthy individuals, Group B consisted of patients with chronic periodontitis, Group C of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and Group D had patients suffering from both arthritis and periodontitis. Periodontal parameters assessed were plaque index (PI), modified gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD). Panoramic radiographs were taken to confirm the diagnosis of periodontitis. Rheumatoid arthritis was confirmed by the rheumatologists and seropositivity for rheumatoid factor (RF) was checked. Resistin levels were analysed in GCF collected from all the four groups and statistical analysis was done by using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The GCF of all the patients showed presence of resistin. The level of resistin was highest in Group D patients and least in Group A patients. On analysing the samples together positive co-relation was found between GCF resistin and PD, PI, GI and RF. CONCLUSION: Resistin levels are increased in both chronic periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the increased level of GCF resistin can be regarded as potential inflammatory marker for periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Significance of maternal periodontal health in preeclampsia.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present case-control study was to evaluate the association between maternal periodontitis and preeclampsia. Association studies between maternal periodontitis and elevated risk for preeclampsia have shown conflicting results. Periodontal maintenance is necessary to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes like preeclampsia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Periodontal parameters [bleeding on probing, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL)] of 1320 women were assessed, followed by retrieval of their demographic and medical data from the medical records. Based on the medical records, 80 women were excluded from the study, leaving 1240 females as the eligible sample for the study. The women were divided into control group (1120 non-preeclamptic women who gave birth to infants with adequate gestational age) and case group (120 preeclamptic women). Logistic regression analysis revealed that primiparity and maternal periodontitis were the two significant variables causing preeclampsia. Further analysis was carried out by matching the two groups for primiparity to find the significance of maternal periodontitis. Maternal periodontitis was defined as PD ≥4 mm and CAL ≥3 mm at the same site in at least four teeth. RESULTS: The results showed that maternal periodontitis (odds ratio 19.8) was associated with preeclampsia. Maternal periodontitis also remained associated with preeclampsia after matching for primiparity, which was another significant confounding factor in the study (odds ratio 9.33). CONCLUSION: Maternal periodontitis is a risk factor associated with preeclampsia, emphasizing the importance of periodontal care in prenatal programs.