Magnetoelastic coupling and critical behavior of some strongly correlated magnetic systems.

The strongly correlated magnetic systems are attracting continuous attention in current condensed matter research due to their very compelling physics and promising technological applications. Being a host to charge, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom, such materials exhibit a variety of phases, and investigation of their physical behavior near such a phase transition bears an immense possibility. This review summarizes the recent progress in elucidating the role of magnetoelastic coupling on the critical behavior of some technologically important class of strongly correlated magnetic systems such as perovskite magnetites, uranium ferromagnetic superconductors, and multiferroic hexagonal manganites. It begins with encapsulation of various experimental findings and then proceeds toward describing how such experiments motivate theories within the Ginzburg-Landau phenomenological picture in order to capture the physics near a magnetic phase transition of such systems. The theoretical results that are obtained by implementing Wilson's renormalization-group to nonlocal Ginzburg-Landau model Hamiltonians are also highlighted. A list of possible experimental realizations of the coupled model Hamiltonians elucidates the importance of spin-lattice coupling near a critical point of strongly correlated magnetic systems.

Competing interactions in a long-range spin-lattice coupled model and tricriticality.

The interplay of spin and lattice degrees of freedom on the critical behavior of magnetic phase transitions in strongly correlated systems can be studied analytically by constructing an effective model Hamiltonian for the corresponding order parameters. Here we consider such a model C-type Hamiltonian involving the coupling between order parameter and the strain field. Taking the strain interaction to be long-range (LR) in nature, we carry out a renormalization-group analysis at one-loop order. This reveals a non-trivial critical behavior dictated by an LR fixed point. We show that the critical behavior differs in the presence of competing short-range interaction. For the case of purely nonlocal theory, we find a signature of first-order instability at the leading order of the perturbation expansion. We also discuss briefly the applicability of the model in capturing the experimental results.

Mutual-friction-driven turbulent statistics in the hydrodynamic regime of superfluid

It is well known that the turbulence that evolves from the tangles of vortices in quantum fluids at scales larger than the typical quantized vortex spacing ℓ has a close resemblance with classical turbulence. The temperature-dependent mutual friction parameter α(T) drives the turbulent statistics in the hydrodynamic regime of quantum fluids that involves a self-similar cascade of energy. From a simple theoretical analysis, here we show that superfluid ^{3}He-B in the presence of mutual damping exhibits a k^{-5/3} Kolmogorov energy spectrum in the entire inertial range ℓ

Conserved nonlocal dynamics and critical behavior of uranium ferromagnetic superconductors.

A recent theoretical study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 037202 (2014)10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.037202] has revealed that systems such as uranium ferromagnetic superconductors obey conserved dynamics. To capture the critical behavior near the paramagnetic to ferromagnetic phase transition of these compounds, we study the conserved critical dynamics of a nonlocal Ginzburg-Landau model. A dynamic renormalization-group calculation at one-loop order yields the critical indices in the leading order of ε=d_{c}-d, where d_{c}=4-2ρ is the upper critical dimension, with ρ an exponent in the nonlocal interaction. The predicted static critical exponents are found to be comparable with the available experimentally observed critical exponents for strongly uniaxial uranium ferromagnetic superconductors. The corresponding dynamic exponent z and linewidth exponent w are found to be z=4-ρε/4+O(ε^{2}) and w=1+ρ+3ε/4+O(ε^{2}).

Critical dynamics of a nonlocal model and critical behavior of perovskite manganites.

We investigate the nonconserved critical dynamics of a nonlocal model Hamiltonian incorporating screened long-range interactions in the quartic term. Employing dynamic renormalization group analysis at one-loop order, we calculate the dynamic critical exponent z=2+εf_{1}(σ,κ,n)+O(ε^{2}) and the linewidth exponent w=-σ+εf_{2}(σ,κ,n)+O(ε^{2}) in the leading order of ε, where ε=4-d+2σ, with d the space dimension, n the number of components in the order parameter, and σ and κ the parameters coming from the nonlocal interaction term. The resulting values of linewidth exponent w for a wide range of σ is found to be in good agreement with the existing experimental estimates from spin relaxation measurements in perovskite manganite samples.

Nonlocal quartic interactions and universality classes in perovskite manganites.

A modified Ginzburg-Landau model with a screened nonlocal interaction in the quartic term is treated via Wilson's renormalization-group scheme at one-loop order to explore the critical behavior of the paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic phase transition in perovskite manganites. We find the Fisher exponent η to be O(ε) and the correlation exponent to be ν=1/2+O(ε) through epsilon expansion in the parameter ε=d(c)-d, where d is the space dimension, d(c)=4+2σ is the upper critical dimension, and σ is a parameter coming from the nonlocal interaction in the model Hamiltonian. The ensuing critical exponents in three dimensions for different values of σ compare well with various existing experimental estimates for perovskite manganites with various doping levels. This suggests that the nonlocal model Hamiltonian contains a wide variety of such universality classes.

Spectral calculations in stably stratified turbulence.

We perform a Leslie-type perturbative treatment on stably stratified turbulence with Boussinesq approximation, where the buoyancy terms in the corresponding dynamical equations are treated as perturbations against the isotropic background fields. Thus we calculate the anisotropic corrections to various correlation functions, namely, velocity-velocity, temperature-temperature, and velocity-temperature correlations, up to second order in this scheme. We find that the prefactors associated with the anisotropic corrections depend on the energy flux, scalar flux, Kolmogorov constant, Batchelor constant, and the eddy-damping amplitudes. The correlation functions further yield the anisotropic parts of the energy and mean-square temperature spectra as k(-3) and the anisotropic buoyancy spectrum as k(-7/3). The resulting angle-dependent energy density is found to be concentrated predominantly around the vertical wave vector signifying layered structures in the physical space.

Perturbative evaluation of universal numbers in homogeneous shear turbulence.

We employ Leslie's perturbation scheme coupled with renormalization group calculations to obtain the anisotropic velocity correlation tensor in the inertial range of homogeneous shear turbulence. Hence we evaluate two universal numbers associated with the anisotropic part of the equal-time correlation tensor in the leading order of the perturbative scheme. Our theoretical results for these universal numbers are found to be in fairly good agreement with experimental values as well as estimates coming from direct numerical simulations.

Heisenberg approximation in passive scalar turbulence.

We use Heisenberg's approximation to derive analytic expressions for eddy viscosity and eddy diffusivity from the transfer integrals of energy and mean-square scalar arising from the Navier-Stokes and passive scalar dynamics. In the same scheme, we evaluate the flux integrals for the transports of energy and mean-square scalar. These procedures allow for the evaluation of relevant amplitude ratios, from which we calculate the universal numbers, namely, Batchelor constant B, Kolmogorov constant C, and turbulent Prandtl number σ, under two different schemes (with and without ε expansion). Our results are comparable with existing theoretical, numerical, and experimental values. As a byproduct, we obtain a relation between C, B, and σ, namely, B=σ C. To compare our results with the experimental values, we calculate Batchelor constant in one dimension (B'). Within the same framework, we also see that with increasing values of space dimension d, the Prandtl number σ increases and approaches unity, while the Kolmogorov constant C and Batchelor constant B approach very close to each other. For large space dimensions, we find the asymptotic B=B(0)d(1/3), and evaluate B(0).