Chondroprotectant therapy in rats with degenerative joint disease experimentally transected cranial cruciate / Reprodução experimental da doença articular degenerativa, pelo método cirúrgico associado à terapia condroprotetora, em ratos

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in both humans and animals, and it results in movement restriction and pain at the affected area. This disorder affects more than 25% of people over 60 years of age, and it is considered universal for 70-year-old people. OA is estimated to affect over 20% of the canine population from the United States of America. The present study aimed to evaluate the treatment of rats that were surgically induced to OA using two different drug therapies, one with pentosan polysulfate, one with betamethasone, and one with chondroitin sulfate/ glucosamine. In order to produce joint disease, the cranial cruciate ligament was surgically transected. Animals were kept and treated for eight days after surgery and were assessed via both radiographies and tomographies taken before surgery and eight weeks later. All animals were euthanized having both macroscopic and microscopic analysis performed to evaluate the disorder progression and therapeutic action. Macroscopic analysis showed lesion in the knees subjected to OA induction. The untreated animals presented major lesions whereas the treated ones presented mild to moderate lesions. In conclusion, pentosan polysulfate is recommendable for the treatment of iatrogenic joint lesions in rats since the other treatments showed no significant difference.

A osteoartrite (OA) é a doença articular mais comum em humanos e animais, o que ocasiona restrição de movimentos e dor, na região acometida. Tal enfermidade afeta mais de 25% dos humanos acima de 60 anos e, aos 70 anos, ela é considerada universal. Estima-se que nos Estados Unidos da América, 20% ou mais da população canina é acometida pela OA. O presente estudo tem como finalidade avaliar a terapia medicamentosa (polisulfato de pentosano, betametasona e sulfato de condroitina/glucosamina), em um modelo experimental de OA cirurgicamente induzido, em ratos. A doença articular foi promovida pela transecção cirúrgica do ligamento cruzado cranial, sendo que, após o procedimento cirúrgico, os animais foram mantidos e tratados por oito semanas. Foi realizada avaliação radiográfica e tomográfica antes e oito semanas após a indução da osteoartrite. Todos os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia para análise macroscópica e microscópica, que foram realizadas para avaliar a progressão da enfermidade e a ação terapêutica.  Na análise macroscópica foi observadas lesões nos joelhos submetidos à indução OA. Os animais não tratados apresentaram lesões graves enquanto que, os animais tratados apresentaram lesões leves a moderadas. Concluiu-se que o polissulfato de pentosano é eficiente no tratamento de lesões articulares iatrogênicas de ratos, uma vez que outros tratamentos não mostraram qualque

Clinical, laboratory and ultrassonography evaluation feline with lower urinary tract disease / Avaliação clínica, laboratorial e ultrassonográfica de felinos com doença do trato urinário inferior

The Lower Urinary Tract Disease Feline (FLUTD) are frequent in clinical routine of this species is due to various disease processes characterized by hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, strangury, periuria and urethral obstruction, affecting mainly sedentary cats, living in the home and with low intake of water. In order to check the main clinical, laboratory and ultrasound in cases of FLUTD, 26 cats were available at the Veterinary Hospital of UFMT being 16 with FLUTD and ten healthy, noting that all the sick animals had azotemia, average of serum total calcium decreased and elevation in serum phosphorus. Bacterial growth observed in one third of cases, three possibly due to bladder catheterization, as were recurrent cases. The sonographic findings were compatible with frames of obstruction, such as severe distension of the urinary bladder and debris in suspension, dilated ureters and urethra.

As Doenças do Trato Urinário Inferior Felino (DTUIF) são frequentes na rotina clínica desta espécie, é decorrente de diversos processos mórbidos caracterizados por hematúria, disúria, polaciúria, estrangúria, periúria e obstrução uretral, que afetam principalmente felinos sedentários, de vivência intradomiciliar e com baixa ingestão de água. Com o objetivo de verificar as principais alterações clínicas, laboratoriais e ultrassonográficas nos casos de DTUIF, foram examinados 26 felinos no Hospital Veterinário da UFMT, sendo, 16 com DTUIF e dez hígidos, notando-se que todos os animais doentes apresentaram azotemia, valor médio da concentração sérica de cálcio total diminuído e elevação na concentração sérica de fósforo. Crescimento bacteriano foi observado em um terço dos casos, sendo três possivelmente decorrentes de cateterização vesical, já que eram casos recidivantes. Os achados ultrassonográficos foram compatíveis com quadros de obstrução, tais como: distensão acentuada da vesícula urinária e debris em suspensão, dilatação de ureteres e uretra.

Chondroprotectant therapy in rats with degenerative joint disease experimentally transected cranial cruciate / Reprodução experimental da doença articular degenerativa, pelo método cirúrgico associado à terapia condroprotetora, em ratos

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in both humans and animals, and it results in movement restriction and pain at the affected area. This disorder affects more than 25% of people over 60 years of age, and it is considered universal for 70-year-old people. OA is estimated to affect over 20% of the canine population from the United States of America. The present study aimed to evaluate the treatment of rats that were surgically induced to OA using two different drug therapies, one with pentosan polysulfate, one with betamethasone, and one with chondroitin sulfate/ glucosamine. In order to produce joint disease, the cranial cruciate ligament was surgically transected. Animals were kept and treated for eight days after surgery and were assessed via both radiographies and tomographies taken before surgery and eight weeks later. All animals were euthanized having both macroscopic and microscopic analysis performed to evaluate the disorder progression and therapeutic action. Macroscopic analysis showed lesion in the knees subjected to OA induction. The untreated animals presented major lesions whereas the treated ones presented mild to moderate lesions. In conclusion, pentosan polysulfate is recommendable for the treatment of iatrogenic joint lesions in rats since the other treatments showed no significant difference.

A osteoartrite (OA) é a doença articular mais comum em humanos e animais, o que ocasiona restrição de movimentos e dor, na região acometida. Tal enfermidade afeta mais de 25% dos humanos acima de 60 anos e, aos 70 anos, ela é considerada universal. Estima-se que nos Estados Unidos da América, 20% ou mais da população canina é acometida pela OA. O presente estudo tem como finalidade avaliar a terapia medicamentosa (polisulfato de pentosano, betametasona e sulfato de condroitina/glucosamina), em um modelo experimental de OA cirurgicamente induzido, em ratos. A doença articular foi promovida pela transecção cirúrgica do ligamento cruzado cranial, sendo que, após o procedimento cirúrgico, os animais foram mantidos e tratados por oito semanas. Foi realizada avaliação radiográfica e tomográfica antes e oito semanas após a indução da osteoartrite. Todos os animais foram submetidos à eutanásia para análise macroscópica e microscópica, que foram realizadas para avaliar a progressão da enfermidade e a ação terapêutica.  Na análise macroscópica foi observadas lesões nos joelhos submetidos à indução OA. Os animais não tratados apresentaram lesões graves enquanto que, os animais tratados apresentaram lesões leves a moderadas. Concluiu-se que o polissulfato de pentosano é eficiente no tratamento de lesões articulares iatrogênicas de ratos, uma vez que outros tratamentos não mostraram qualque

Clinical, laboratory and ultrassonography evaluation feline with lower urinary tract disease / Avaliação clínica, laboratorial e ultrassonográfica de felinos com doença do trato urinário inferior

The Lower Urinary Tract Disease Feline (FLUTD) are frequent in clinical routine of this species is due to various disease processes characterized by hematuria, dysuria, urinary frequency, strangury, periuria and urethral obstruction, affecting mainly sedentary cats, living in the home and with low intake of water. In order to check the main clinical, laboratory and ultrasound in cases of FLUTD, 26 cats were available at the Veterinary Hospital of UFMT being 16 with FLUTD and ten healthy, noting that all the sick animals had azotemia, average of serum total calcium decreased and elevation in serum phosphorus. Bacterial growth observed in one third of cases, three possibly due to bladder catheterization, as were recurrent cases. The sonographic findings were compatible with frames of obstruction, such as severe distension of the urinary bladder and debris in suspension, dilated ureters and urethra.

As Doenças do Trato Urinário Inferior Felino (DTUIF) são frequentes na rotina clínica desta espécie, é decorrente de diversos processos mórbidos caracterizados por hematúria, disúria, polaciúria, estrangúria, periúria e obstrução uretral, que afetam principalmente felinos sedentários, de vivência intradomiciliar e com baixa ingestão de água. Com o objetivo de verificar as principais alterações clínicas, laboratoriais e ultrassonográficas nos casos de DTUIF, foram examinados 26 felinos no Hospital Veterinário da UFMT, sendo, 16 com DTUIF e dez hígidos, notando-se que todos os animais doentes apresentaram azotemia, valor médio da concentração sérica de cálcio total diminuído e elevação na concentração sérica de fósforo. Crescimento bacteriano foi observado em um terço dos casos, sendo três possivelmente decorrentes de cateterização vesical, já que eram casos recidivantes. Os achados ultrassonográficos foram compatíveis com quadros de obstrução, tais como: distensão acentuada da vesícula urinária e debris em suspensão, dilatação de ureteres e uretra.

Wry nose in an adult equine / Desvio facial (wry nose) em um equino adulto

Background: Wry Nose (Campylorrhinus lateralis) is a congenital shortening and deviation of the maxillae, premaxillae, nasal bones, vomer, and nasal septum that affects mainly foals. Intrauterine positioning as an etiology of this deformity is highly unlikely. Clinically, varying degree of premaxillar deviation is noticeable upon inspection of the foals head. The deviation usually results in malocclusion, with no contact between the incisors of the mandible and maxilla. Some foals experience breathing diffi culties or have increased respiratory sounds. This condition will not self-correct, and a decision should be made to treat the foal using reconstructive techniques or to euthanize it to prevent it from suffering. The objective of this work was to describe a case of wry nose in an adult male equine.Case: A 4-year-old, 300 kg, male SRD equine was submitted for necropsy. There was no history of respiratory problems and trouble with mastication or prehension of food. Three days before death the horse showed clinical sings characterized by no ingestion of food and water, changing behavior and locomotion, weakness, and not respond to calls, seemingly oblivious to the environment evolving into permanent recumbency and death after about 24 h of the decline. The horse was treated by a veterinarian who suspected of leucoencephalomalacea. The animal died 24 h after her condition worse

Background: Wry Nose (Campylorrhinus lateralis) is a congenital shortening and deviation of the maxillae, premaxillae, nasal bones, vomer, and nasal septum that affects mainly foals. Intrauterine positioning as an etiology of this deformity is highly unlikely. Clinically, varying degree of premaxillar deviation is noticeable upon inspection of the foals head. The deviation usually results in malocclusion, with no contact between the incisors of the mandible and maxilla. Some foals experience breathing diffi culties or have increased respiratory sounds. This condition will not self-correct, and a decision should be made to treat the foal using reconstructive techniques or to euthanize it to prevent it from suffering. The objective of this work was to describe a case of wry nose in an adult male equine.Case: A 4-year-old, 300 kg, male SRD equine was submitted for necropsy. There was no history of respiratory problems and trouble with mastication or prehension of food. Three days before death the horse showed clinical sings characterized by no ingestion of food and water, changing behavior and locomotion, weakness, and not respond to calls, seemingly oblivious to the environment evolving into permanent recumbency and death after about 24 h of the decline. The horse was treated by a veterinarian who suspected of leucoencephalomalacea. The animal died 24 h after her condition worse

Wry nose in an adult equine / Desvio facial (wry nose) em um equino adulto

Background: Wry Nose (Campylorrhinus lateralis) is a congenital shortening and deviation of the maxillae, premaxillae, nasal bones, vomer, and nasal septum that affects mainly foals. Intrauterine positioning as an etiology of this deformity is highly unlikely. Clinically, varying degree of premaxillar deviation is noticeable upon inspection of the foals head. The deviation usually results in malocclusion, with no contact between the incisors of the mandible and maxilla. Some foals experience breathing diffi culties or have increased respiratory sounds. This condition will not self-correct, and a decision should be made to treat the foal using reconstructive techniques or to euthanize it to prevent it from suffering. The objective of this work was to describe a case of wry nose in an adult male equine.Case: A 4-year-old, 300 kg, male SRD equine was submitted for necropsy. There was no history of respiratory problems and trouble with mastication or prehension of food. Three days before death the horse showed clinical sings characterized by no ingestion of food and water, changing behavior and locomotion, weakness, and not respond to calls, seemingly oblivious to the environment evolving into permanent recumbency and death after about 24 h of the decline. The horse was treated by a veterinarian who suspected of leucoencephalomalacea. The animal died 24 h after her condition worse

Background: Wry Nose (Campylorrhinus lateralis) is a congenital shortening and deviation of the maxillae, premaxillae, nasal bones, vomer, and nasal septum that affects mainly foals. Intrauterine positioning as an etiology of this deformity is highly unlikely. Clinically, varying degree of premaxillar deviation is noticeable upon inspection of the foals head. The deviation usually results in malocclusion, with no contact between the incisors of the mandible and maxilla. Some foals experience breathing diffi culties or have increased respiratory sounds. This condition will not self-correct, and a decision should be made to treat the foal using reconstructive techniques or to euthanize it to prevent it from suffering. The objective of this work was to describe a case of wry nose in an adult male equine.Case: A 4-year-old, 300 kg, male SRD equine was submitted for necropsy. There was no history of respiratory problems and trouble with mastication or prehension of food. Three days before death the horse showed clinical sings characterized by no ingestion of food and water, changing behavior and locomotion, weakness, and not respond to calls, seemingly oblivious to the environment evolving into permanent recumbency and death after about 24 h of the decline. The horse was treated by a veterinarian who suspected of leucoencephalomalacea. The animal died 24 h after her condition worse