Calculating (14)N(16)O2 spectral line parameters in an infrared range: A comparison of "global" and "local" effective operator methods.

Nitrogen dioxide, (14)N(16)O2, line positions and intensities calculated by us based on a "local" effective operator method are compared to the recent results of the "global" calculation. The comparison was made for theoretical absorption coefficients in the spectral range of 600-3700cm(-1) using the measured data taken from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. In order to conduct the calculations, empirical parameters of the effective rotational Hamiltonian of the twenty-one vibrational states were applied from the most recent experimental works. The second order parameters of the dipole moment function of (14)N(16)O2 were determined for the first time. The "local" line list in this research consists of one hundred and four bands and includes the line intensities of the v1+v2+v3 band of (14)N(16)O2 that have not yet been investigated in the literature. Among these bands, only eleven bands are included in HITRAN2012. The reasons behind the disagreements between the theoretical and measured absorption coefficients of (14)N(16)O2 are discussed.

[On the nature of the pathogen of pale-green dwarfism in cereals].

The paper presents more precise data concerning optimal temperature demands to growth of white-yellow dwarfness of cereals (WYDC) identified before as Acholeplasma laidlawii var. granulum, its relation to sterols and genome properties was determined using pulse-electrophoresis. It was established that the agent strains 84 and 118, characterized by phytopathogenicity, grew most intensively at 32 degrees C; they behaved as mesoplasmas but, as it had been found, they were capable to synthesis of carotenoids and displayed close serologic affinity for A. laidlawii PG8. That is, the above strains are typical acholeplasmas capable to live in leafhoppers which carry a disease and in cereals plants and cause a disease with typical symptoms of "yellows" in the latter. Molecular weight of the strain 84 genome was 2200 t.p.n. (GC = 33 mol %); in strains 118 it was 2310 t.p.n. (GC = 34.2 mol %). Allowing for the fact that molecular weight of genome of A. laidlavii var. granulum is almost by 1/3 (1600 + 710 t.p.n.) more than that of A. laidlawii PG8 genome, the authors think that the agent of WYDC is the evolution precursor (or one of precursors) which initiated the Acholeplasma and Phytoplasma genera as a results of splitting of their genomes.

[The modification of the internucleotide relations of antisignature oligodeoxyribonucleotides as a means of increasing their resistance to nuclease cleavage in mollicute cells]. / Modifikatsiia mezhnukleotidnykh sviazei antisignaturnykh oligodezoksiribonukleotidov kak sposob povysheniia ikh ustoichivosti k nukleaznomu rasshcheplenii v kletkakh mollikutov.

Modifications in 5'- and 3'-ends and internucleotide bondings of antisignature oligodesoxyribonucleotides have been studied for their resistance to nuclease cleavage in cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8 and Mycoplasma fermentans PG-18. It is shown that adding of benzylamide grouping to the 5'-end of oligonucleotides increases their half-life period in the studied mollicute cells to 15 h. S-methyl modification of 3'-end of antisignature oligonucleotides did not take essential effect on the process of degradation of the given compounds in the mollicute cells. Considerable increase of stability in the studied cels of thio- and dithiophosphate analogues of oligodesoxyribonucleotides has been detected.

[The binding and absorption by mollicute cells of antisignature analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides]. / Sviazyvanie i pogloshchenie kletkami mollikutov antisignaturnykh analogov oligodezoksiribonukleotidov.

Processes of absorption and uptake of phosphorothioate, phosphorodithioate and methylphosphonate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides which are complementary to "signature" 16S rRNA sequences by cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8. Mycoplasma fermentans PG-18 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae FH have been investigated. Distinctions in efficiency of absorption by given cells of phosphorothioate and methylphosphonate analogs of oligonucleotides are found out. So, the level of thioates sorption by the cells of A. laidlawii PG-8 exceeded a share of methylphosphonates binding with these cells 5 times as high. A fact of significant accumulation of thio- and dithioate analogs of oligonucleotides by the mollicute cells is established. The intracellular concentration of these compounds in all investigated microorganisms exceeded extracellular one 10(4)-10(5) time. On the basis of obtained experimental data the assumption is made on existence in mollicute cells of two various mechanisms of uptake of analogs of oligonucleotides bearing a negative charge in sugar-phosphate backbone and nonionic oligonucleotide analogs.

[The inhibition of translation in vivo in Mollicutes by thiophosphate analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides]. / Ingibirovanie transliatsii in vivo u mollikutov tiofosfatnymi analogami oligodezoksiribonukleotidov.

It is shown that the concentration of "antisignature" phosphorothioate analogs of oligodeoxynucleotides, complementary to the region of 165 rRNA Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8 and Mycoplasma fermentans PG-18 responsible tor binding with ribosomal protein S4 being 0.5--1 microM synthesis of proteins in vivo decreases to 70%. A model of mechanisms is suggested to block oligonucleotides of the process of in vivo translation in mollicutes by "antisignature" phosphorothioate analogs. The advantages of the use of antisense oligonucleotides complementary to functionally significant plots of 16S rRNA to inhibit the in vivo translation are discussed in comparison with oligonucleotides, 5-nontranslated regions of mRNA serving a target for them.

[The sorption of antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides by Mycoplasma cells]. / Issledovanie sorbtsii antismyslovykh oligodeoksiribonukleotidov kletkami mikoplazm.

The paper deals with kinetics of binding of antisense oligodesoxyribonucleotides, complementary to certain sequences 16 S RNA of mollicutes, by the cells of three representatives of class Mollicutes: Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8. Mycoplasma pneumoniae FH and M. fermentans PG-18. It is shown that binding of antisense oligonucleotides by the mollicute cells depends on temperature and age of cultures. The highest level of sorption of labelled antisense oligodesoxyribonucleotides by the cells of mycoplasmas corresponded to the phase of logarithmic growth of each of the studied mollicute strains. The lengthening of nucleotide chain from 5 to 15 nucleotide bases did not result in the decrease of sorption of the studied oligodesoxyribonucleotides by the mollicute cells.

[The inhibitory action of 6-azacytidine on Mollicutes and its proposed mechanism]. / Ingibitornoe deistvie 6-azatsitidina na mollikuty i ego predpolagaemyi mekhanizm.

6-Azacytidine (6-AC) is shown to have an inhibitory effect on the Mollicutes of the different systematic position. The growth of type strains of Mollicutes (Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8, Mycoplasma pneumoniae FH and M. fermentans PG-18) completely ceased in the nutrient medium at concentration of the above substance in it within the range of 125-250 micrograms/ml. 50% inhibiting concentration of 6-AC equaled: for M. fermentans PG-8: 23.43 micrograms/ml; M. pneumoniae FN: 46.8 micrograms/ml; Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8: 62.5 micrograms/ml. 6-AC concentration 5 micrograms/ml decreased the process of DNA-dependent DNA synthesis in the in vitro system more than by 60%. 6-AC exerted less effect on the DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in the in vitro system: at different concentrations of 6-AC (up to 400 micrograms/ml) RNA synthesis decreased only by 20%. Translation on ribosomes of Mollicutes in the in vitro system completely ceased at 6-AC concentration 100 micrograms/ml. The results obtained indicate that for 6-AC in cells of Mollicutes and, possibly, for other microorganisms there are two targets: ribosomes and DNA-dependent DNA-polymerase. Total effect of blocking of the translation and replication processes by 6-azacytidine causes death of Mollicutes. Since 6-AC has no harmful effect on the human cells, it can be used as an efficient method for treatment of respiratory and urogenital diseases induced by Mollicutes.

[The stability of the alkylating derivatives of oligodeoxyribonucleotides containing a cholesterol or phenazine radical added to the 3'-termination during their interaction with Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8]. / Issledovanie stabil'nosti alkiliruiushchikh proizvodnykh oligodezoksiribonukleotidov, soderzhashchikh prisoedinennyi k 3'-kontsu ostatok kholesterina ili fenaziniia, pri vzaimodeistvii ikh s kletkami Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8.

Stability of alkylating derivatives of decathymidylates protected on the 3'-terminal by cholesterol and phenazine residues has been studied in the process of their interaction with cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8. It is shown that the studied reagents are not split by nucleases of A. laidlawii PG-8 for the time necessary for alkylation of mycoplasma biopolymers.

[The interaction of alkylating derivatives of oligodeoxyribonucleotides and their methylphosphonate analogs with Mycoplasma cells]. / Vzaimodeistvie alkiliruiushchikh proizvodnykh oligodezoksiribonukleotidov i ikh metilfosfonatnykh analogov s kletkami mikoplazm.

Alkylating derivatives of decathymidylates and methylphosphonate analogs of oligodeoxyribonucleotides (MPAO) were studied for their interaction with cells of Acholeplasma laidlawii PG-8, Mycoplasma capricolum California Kid, M. pneumoniae FH and phytopathogenic strain (St. 118). It is shown that MPAO of octa- and hexadecathymidylates as well as decathymidylates 3'-terminal modified by phenazine and cholesterol groupings are sorbed by mycoplasma cells and can penetrate inside the cells. Efficiency of binding of alkylating derivatives and MPAO with mycoplasma cells depends on interaction time of reagents, their concentration in the reaction mixture and temperature.