RESUMO
Comparison of the levels of the protein carboxylic groups in response to peroxide stress revealed enhanced stress resistance in Purpureocillium lilacinum strains isolated from soils with high content of copper or radionuclides compared to the strains isolated from uncontaminated soils. While in background strains resistance to peroxide stress increased with glucose content in the medium increasing from 0.002 to 2%, the strains from radionuclides- or copper-contaminated soils did not exhibit this pattern. Respiratory activity and polyphosphate content were compared for radiation-resistant strain 1941 and strain SM from the area with zero radioactivity. For the protoplasts of strain 1941 isolated from the Chernobyl zone, elevated respiratory activity was revealed on the media with low glucose content. Under the control conditions, the content of inorganic polyphosphates (polyP) in strains 1941 and SM was the same. Under conditions of peroxide stress, only the background strain SM grown on the medium with low glucose concentration exhibited decreased levels of inorganic polyphosphates. Independent on glucose concentration in the medium, in both P. lilacinum strains, polyP content increased in the course of regeneration after peroxide stress.
Assuntos
Adaptação Fisiológica , Proteínas Fúngicas/química , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Saccharomycetales/efeitos dos fármacos , Microbiologia do Solo , Acidente Nuclear de Chernobyl , Cobre/metabolismo , Meios de Cultura/química , Glucose/metabolismo , Fosforilação Oxidativa/efeitos dos fármacos , Estresse Oxidativo , Polifosfatos/metabolismo , Carbonilação Proteica , Protoplastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Protoplastos/metabolismo , Tolerância a Radiação , Radioisótopos/metabolismo , Saccharomycetales/metabolismoRESUMO
This review is dedicated to the research on the functions of melanin pigments in fungi. The participation of melanin pigments in protection from environmental factors is considered. Data on the biosynthetic pathways and types of melanin pigments in fungi are presented.
Assuntos
Parede Celular/metabolismo , Fungos/metabolismo , Melaninas/biossíntese , Pigmentos Biológicos/biossíntese , Adaptação Biológica , Parede Celular/química , Parede Celular/ultraestrutura , Fungos/química , Fungos/ultraestrutura , Melaninas/química , Melaninas/classificação , Pigmentos Biológicos/química , Pigmentos Biológicos/classificação , Temperatura , Raios UltravioletaRESUMO
The review is devoted to the characteristics of anthraquinones--a group of pigments of quinoid nature often found in fungi. The distribution of anthraquinones in fungi, the routes of their biosynthesis, and their biological activity are considered.
Assuntos
Antraquinonas/metabolismo , Fungos/metabolismo , Pigmentos Biológicos/biossíntese , Antraquinonas/química , Antraquinonas/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/metabolismo , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Fatores Biológicos/química , Fatores Biológicos/metabolismo , Fatores Biológicos/farmacologia , Citotoxinas/química , Citotoxinas/metabolismo , Citotoxinas/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Inibidores Enzimáticos/metabolismo , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Fungos/química , Pigmentos Biológicos/química , Pigmentos Biológicos/farmacologiaRESUMO
An oxidative stress resistance in Paecilomyces lilacinus strain from Chernobyl Atomic Energy Station (ChAES) as well as in P. lilacinus strains from zones with control level of radioactive pollution has been studied. It was shown that radial growth rate of the colony of the ChAES strain in a range of glucose concentrations 0.002%; 0.2%; 0.5%; 1.0% showed maximum on the medium with 0.2% glucose. It was 1.5 times higher than growth rate of the control strains. Adaptation slowdown reaction has been found as a result of the first 10-30 min H2O2 treatment most profound in the ChAES (No 1941) strain. Under 10(-3) mol/l H2O2 growth of No 1941 resumed with 20% loss in growth rate. Cessation of growth of the control strain (No 10) was observed under these conditions. It has been shown that in the strain from ChAES zone adaptation to low glucose content in the medium (0.2%) was coupled with an increased resistance to oxidative stress.
