RESUMO
Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) induces leukemia by integration into the cellular genome, thereby changing the structure or expression of cellular oncogenes. In this report we describe a new F-MuLV integration site Fre2 isolated from splenic DNA of an erythroleukemic animal. This site was found to be rearranged in six out of 64 tumors tested; however, in five out of these six cases no F-MuLV proviruses could be detected in the vicinity of the rearrangement sites. The rearrangements represented closely clustered chromosomal breakpoints, presumably chromosomal translocations. Exons transcribed into differentially spliced mRNAs of 1.9 and 3.7 kb have been found near the breakpoint. Fre2 is closely linked to Fv2, a locus on mouse chromosome 9 involved in erythropoiesis. Sequences homologous to Fre2 could not be found in the gene databases.
Assuntos
Mapeamento Cromossômico , Eritropoese/genética , FMN Redutase , Vírus da Leucemia Murina de Friend/genética , Camundongos/genética , NADH NADPH Oxirredutases/genética , Integração Viral , Processamento Alternativo , Animais , Éxons , Leucemia Experimental/virologia , Provírus/genética , Transcrição Gênica , Translocação GenéticaRESUMO
Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) induces leukemia by integration into the cellular genome, thereby changing the structure of expression of cellular oncogenes. Here we describe a new F-MuLV integration site Fre-2 isolated from splenic DNA of an erythroleukemic animal. This site has been found rearranged in 5 out of 63 additional tumors; however, no F-MuLV proviruses could be detected in the vicinity of the rearrangement sites in these 5 cases. The rearrangements represented closely clustered chromosomal breakpoints, presumably chromosomal translocations. Exons transcribed into differentially spliced mRNAs of 1.9 and 3.7 kb have been found near the breakpoint. No sequences that are homologous to Fre-2 could be found in databases.
Assuntos
Vírus da Leucemia Murina de Friend , Rearranjo Gênico , Leucemia Eritroblástica Aguda/genética , Leucemia Eritroblástica Aguda/virologia , Neoplasias Esplênicas/genética , Neoplasias Esplênicas/virologia , Animais , Bacteriófago lambda , DNA de Neoplasias/análise , DNA Viral/análise , Expressão Gênica , Ligação Genética , Biblioteca Genômica , Masculino , Camundongos , Especificidade de Órgãos , Mapeamento por Restrição , Baço/patologia , Integração ViralRESUMO
Efficient laser emission of flash-lamp-pumped Nd:YAG rods at a wavelength of 1.444 microm is reported. A maximum average output power of 100 W at pulse energies of 5.5 J and a pulse duration of 0.65 ms was achieved. The highest electrical-to-optical overall efficiency of 1.3% was attained with a single elliptical silver pump cavity with europium-doped quartz as a spectral filter. The 1.444-microm performance as well as the output characteristics at 1.064 and 1.32 microm of Nd:YAG were investigated as a function of doping concentration and rod diameter.
