A dyadic analysis of financial toxicity and health-related quality of life among bone marrow transplant patients and their caregivers.

OBJECTIVE: Relatively few dyad-based studies have evaluated the shared psychosocial and financial toxicity (FT) experiences of hematologic patients and their caregivers, especially those undergoing bone marrow transplantations (BMTs). This study evaluated the association of FT with health-related quality of life (QOL) among BMT patient-caregiver dyads. METHODS: Survey and electronic health record data were collected between April 2021 and January 2022 from BMT patients and their caregivers pre- (T1) and post-intervention (T2). Thirty-four patient-caregiver dyads completed surveys; all dyads included a patient experiencing elevated T1 FT. The effect of the total FT score (i.e., the combination of psychological response, coping behaviors, and material conditions domain scores) on physical health, mental health, anxiety, depression and distress scores was evaluated using Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling (APIM). RESULTS: Patients and caregivers who reported lower total FT scores had better physical and mental health, and lower anxiety, depressive symptoms, distress (APIM actor effects). None of the partner effects were significant in the APIM models. Other model findings indicated that compared with caregivers, patients had lower reported physical health; mental health scores were higher, on average, for all participants at the T2 compared with T1; and members of dyads whose caregiver took time off work reported better physical health and lower depressive symptoms and distress than those whose caregiver did not. CONCLUSIONS: Our study addresses a significant gap in dyad-based cancer FT studies; the findings underscore the need for additional research to help develop tailored dyad-level FT interventions for improving health-related QOL among BMT patients.

Coverage and Cost-of-Care Links: Addressing Financial Toxicity Among Patients With Hematologic Cancer and Their Caregivers.

PURPOSE: This study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an oncology financial navigation (OFN) intervention, Coverage and Cost-of-Care Links (CC Links), among patients with hematologic cancer and their caregivers who are at increased risk of experiencing financial toxicity (FT). METHODS: All patients who presented to the Division of Hematology and Bone and Marrow Transplant (BMT) at an National Cancer Institute-designated cancer center between April 2021 and January 2022 were screened for FT during inpatient and outpatient visits. Patients who screened positive for FT and met the inclusion criteria were recruited to participate in CC Links that provided financial navigation and assistance via a financial navigator. Caregivers of patients undergoing BMTs were also recruited to participate. Primary outcomes were defined as improvements in FT, distress, and physical and mental quality of life. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients and 32 caregivers completed the intervention and pre-/postintervention surveys. CC Links resulted in statistically significant decreases in the Comprehensive Score for FT for both patients (|t| = 2.42, P = .019) and caregivers (|t| = 2.43, P = .021) and total FT (|t| = 2.13, P = .041) and material conditions scores (|t| = 2.25, P = .031) for caregivers only. Only 27% of eligible patients participated in the study, whereas 100% of eligible caregivers participated. The majority of participants rated the intervention highly for acceptability (89%) and appropriateness (88%). An average of $2,500 (USD) in financial benefits was secured per participant via CC Links. CONCLUSION: CC Links was effective in decreasing FT among patients with hematologic cancer and their caregivers while demonstrating high acceptability and appropriateness ratings.